Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My WebLink
About
INSTALLATION BEAM
1 A r" P aim TM Harbor Homes Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. September 22, 2008 Manufactured Home Installation Manual a A copy of this manual must remain With the home for future reference by the occupant. Fxw 0"M etigmte Effective Date: October 20, 2008 -44 Using the Manual HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 This manual is organized into a series of steps that will take you through the entire installation process using only those pages required for the specific home being installed. First, review the entire manual, including the Introduction chapter. As you read it, identify sections of the manual that you will need; identify other documents or information you will need; construct lists of tools and materials required for your particular installation; and make sure you have everything you need before starting work. After reviewing the entire manual, refer to the sequence of installation steps in the table below. Identify the pathway for your installation and follow the arrows downward. Select either Single Section Home or a Multi -Section Home and choose the col- umn corresponding to the home's foundation type, either Pier and Ground Anchor or Load -Bearing Perimeter Wall (see Definitions, p. 3). Then complete the work in each of the sections starting with Getting Started. If using an alternative (proprietary) foundation system, the installation process will change from that described in this manual. Consult the system manufacturer directions for instructions. See page 5 for alternative foundation system criteria. Pier and Ground Anchor Getting Started (p. 7) Prepare the Site (p. 12) Install Footings (p. 17) Set the Home (p. 29) Install Stabilizing System (p. 60) Connect Utilities (p. 75) Prepare Appliances and Equipment (p. 84) Complete Under the Home and Site Built Structures (p. 94) Prepare Home for Occu- pancy (p. 97) Complete Installation Checklist (p. 98) iON. HOME•HOME Load -Bearing Perimeter Pier and Ground Anchor Load -Bearing Perimeter Wall Wall r Getting Started (p. 7) 1 i Getting Started (p. 7) v j Getting Started (p. 7) I ♦ " Prepare the Site (p. 12) Prepare the Site (p. 12) Prepare the Site (p. 12) ♦ �( ♦ I Construct Foundation ljl Install Footings (p. 17) } Construct Foundation (p.27) MI ♦ 29) �i (p.27) I I Set the Home (p. Connect Utilities (p. 75) i ♦ E Complete Multi -Section I Complete Roof and Exte- �9 rior Walls (p. 43) ♦ Prepare Appliances and f ( Set (p. 35) 4 Equipment (p. 84) ♦ l Connect Crossovers ♦ ; Complete Roof and Exte- (p. 48) Complete Under the rior Walls (p. 43) }j Home and Site Built- ii ♦ IComplete Interior (p. 58) Structures (p. 94) i j Connect Crossovers ♦ I` (p, 48) Connect Utilities (p. 75) Prepare Home for Occu- I� pancy (p. 97) Complete Interior (p. 58) 1 Prepare Appliances and ♦ i ♦ Equipment (p. 84) Complete Installation Install Stabilizing System Checklist (p. 98) (p. 60) Complete Under the Connect Utilities (p. 75) Prepare Appliances and Equipment (p. 84) Complete Under the Home and Site Built Structures (p. 94) Prepare Home for Occu- pancy (p. 97) Complete Installation Checklist (p. 98) Home and Site Built Structures (p. 94) Prepare Home for Occu- pancy (p. 97) Complete Installation Checklist (p. 98) Disclaimer The Manufactured Housing Research Alliance, its members, consultants, contractors and representatives make no representations, warranty or guarantee, express or implied, as to the accuracy or appropriateness of any materials or information in this manual for use in a specific home, nor assume any liability for the use of the information, methods, or materials contained herein, or for damages arising from any such use. Copyright © 2008 Manufactured Housing Research Alliance ISSN 1529-3424 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Introduction Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 This installation manual contains instructions that must be followed for the proper installation of the home. It complies with the HUD Model Manufactured Home Installation Standards. Please read all instructions and any other documents (includ- ing addendum pages and supplements) that may apply to the specific home prior to commencing site work or installation. This installation manual covers permits and site work through final inspection of the installation. It covers both single and multi -section homes installed over pier and anchor, load bearing crawl space walls and basement foundations. It contains instructions, including specifications and procedures, for the set and hookup of manufactured homes to be used as single- family dwellings. The importance of correct installation cannot be over -emphasized. Correct installation is absolutely essential to home- owner satisfaction and the structural integrity of the home. All instructions must be followed to provide the customer with a safe, quality home. No manual can cover all circumstances that may exist for certain home designs or building sites. For questions, further clarification, or if you encounter conditions at the site or in the design of the home or its foundation not covered by this manual, please contact the manufacturer (see Resources, p. 2), a registered engineer, or registered architect. Supplemental addendum pages may be included with this manual. Supplements include requirements not covered in this manual or that supercede the manual instructions. Once the home installation is complete, leave this manual with the home. IMPORTANT NOTICES • The home manufacturer is not responsible for installation or for the materials supplied by the set-up crew at the time of installation. The installer may be responsible for any deviations from the installation instructions of this manual. • To keep the home in compliance with its warranty, the home installation must follow the procedures described in this manual or other procedures approved by the manufacturer. Deviation from the instructions in this manual may void the home's warranty. Any alterations or changes to the home shall be approved by a registered engi- neer or registered architect and may still be subject to warranty violations. • When an installer does not provide support and anchorage in accordance with the approved manufacturer's in- stallation instructions, or encounters site conditions (such as areas that are subject to flood damage or high seismic risk) or other conditions that prevent the use of the instructions provided in this manual, the installer must obtain special site -specific instructions from the manufacturer or use a design approved by a registered engineer or registered architect. • The installer must possess a valid installation license as a manufactured home installer. • If the installer identifies failures of the home to comply with the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards (the HUD Code), the installer must notify the manufacturer and retailer. SAFETY There are potential hazards associated with the installation of a manufactured home. Home installers are licensed, and as experienced professionals, should recognize these hazards, be qualified to work with them, and be capable of providing safe work practices and equipment that minimize the risks of injury. Only qualified persons should install a manufactured home. As qualified professionals in the field of manufactured home installation, installers are the experts and must be aware of the hazards and conditions faced. Warnings are published throughout this manual as reminders. These reminders may not cover all hazards, all potential hazards, or all possible consequences of improper or unsafe installation practices. Construction crews should be trained in the skills required and be supervised by experienced personnel. Installers should regularly inspect work performed by crews and subcontractors. Obey OSHA regulations, particularly those related to home construction, such as Title 29 Code of Regulations Part 1926. For copies of OSHA regulations, call (202) 512-1800 or visit www.osha.gov on the web. RESOURCES Manufacturer contact information: See Back Cover for Building Center information Name Address Telephone Fax Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 0 Website INPPP_ HUD MHCSS I ionoios Office of Regulatory Affairs and Manufact I red Housing US Department of Housing and Urban Development 451 Seventh Street, SW, Room 9164 I Washington, DC 20410-8000 Telephone: (202) 708-6423 or (800) 927-2891 FAX: (202) 708-4213 State Administrative Agencies A list of SAAs may be found on the web at www.hud.gov or by contacting the Office of Regulatory Affairs and Manu- factured Housing. FEDERAL PREEMPTION This home was engineered, constructed, ad inspected in conformance with the Federal Manufactured Home Construc- tion and Safety Standards of the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (24 CFR Part 3280, commonly re- ferred to as the "HUD Code") in effect on the date of manufacture. These Standards set forth minimum requirements for the design and construction of manufactured homes designed to be used as dwellings. Individual states, counties and cities shall F�ave no authority to establish standards regarding the construction or safety of a manufactured home. A metal certification label is affixed to each section of the home to certify that it has been con- structed and inspected to comply with these Standards. The design plans and in -plant construction of all homes are in- spected by independent third party agencies to assure compliance with the Standards. The installation of the home and any alterations made to the home shall conform to the requirements of the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards and the HUD Model Manufactured Home Installation Standards. These installation instructions are minimum requirements. Applicable local or state laws may have more stringent installa- tion requirements than outlined in this manual and must be followed. Consult with the local authority having jurisdiction (LAHJ) for regulations that may require licenses and/or permits or which may affect procedures described in this manual. DEFINITIONS ANCHOR ASSEMBLY. Any device or other means designed to transfer loads to the ground. ANCHORING EQUIPMENT. Ties, straps', cables, turnbuckles, chains, and other approved components, including tension- ing devices that are used to secure a manufactured home to anchor assemblies. ANCHORING SYSTEM. A combination of anchoring equipment and anchor assemblies that will, when properly designed and installed, resist the uplift, overturning, and lateral forces on the manufactured home. BASEMENT. A load -bearing perimeter wall foundation that includes habitable space (finished or unfinished, heated or unheated) partly or completely below grade. CRAWLSPACE. The space underneatf1 the home's floor system, enclosed with either load- or non -load bearing perimeter walls. The ground may be coveredlwith a concrete slab or by a plastic ground cover. Crawlspace walls must be vented. CROSSOVERS. Utility interconnections between sections of multi -section homes, including heating and cooling ducts, electrical circuits, and water pipes,ldrain plumbing, and gas lines. DATA PLATE. An information sheet located at the main electrical panel, in the utility room, in a bedroom closet, or in a cabinet in the kitchen. It contains a unique identification number and identifies the wind zone, roof load zone, and cli- matic zone for which the home was constructed. DIAGONAL TIE. A tie intended to resist horizontal or shear forces, but which may resist vertical, uplift, and overturning forces. FOOTING. That portion of the support system that transmits loads directly to the soil. GROUND ANCHOR. A specific anchoring assembly device designed to transfer home loads to the ground. H-BEAM. Steel H-beams are often used to support a home over a basement or crawlspace. They span across the foun- dation from sidewall to sidewall, typically with an intermediate support pier and footing (typically in the center point re- sulting in a line of piers under the centerline of a double section home). INFORMATION PACKET. A set of important documents provided with the home including warranties, information on high wind coverage, and other features of the specific home. INSTALLATION LICENSE. The proof that an installer meets the requirements for installing rftanufactured homes under the HUD -administered installation program. 9/22/08 i Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 3 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. to 4 LABELED. Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of a certified Aw' testing laboratory, inspection agency, or other an organization concerned with product evaluation. The label indicates compliance with nationally recognized standards or tests to determine suitable usage in a specified manner. LISTED OR CERTIFIED. Included in a list published by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency, or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equip- ment or materials, and whose listing states either that the equipment or material meets nationally recognized stan- dards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner. LOAD -BEARING PERIMETER WALL FOUNDATION. A support system for the home whereby the home is mechanically fastened to a structural wall(s) that transfers gravity, lateral, and uplift loads to the ground. LOCAL AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION (LAHJ). The state, city, county, municipality, utility, or organization that has local responsibilities that must be complied with during the installation of a manufactured home. MUST. Indicates a mandatory requirement. N/A. Indicates not applicable. PIER. That portion of the support system between the footing and the manufactured home, exclusive of shims. Types of piers include, but are not limited to: (1) manufactured steel stands; (2) pressure -treated wood; (3) manufactured con- crete stands; (4) concrete blocks; and (5) portions of foundation walls. PIER AND GROUND ANCHOR FOUNDATION. A support system for the home that employs piers under the chassis and other locations to support gravity loads and employs ground anchors and tie downs (the stabilizing system) to resist lateral and uplift loads. PERIMETER BLOCKING. Regularly spaced piers supporting the sidewalls and marriage line of the home. Some homes require perimeter blocking in addition to supports under the home's frame. QUALIFIED. Has the necessary knowledge and skills gained from experience and training that will allow performance of the job safely, competently, and in accordance with all applicable codes, standards, rules, and regulations. Meets all necessary qualification tests including any license and certification requirements that may be in effect in the area where the home will be installed. RAMADA. Any freestanding roof or shade structure, installed or erected over a manufactured home or any portion thereof. SHOULD. Indicates a recommendation that is strongly advised but not mandatory. SHALL. Indicates a mandatory requirement. SITE FOR A MANUFACTURED HOME. A designated parcel of land designed for the accommodation of one manufac- tured home, its accessory buildings or structures, and accessory equipment, for the exclusive use of the occupants of the home. SKIRTING. A weather -resistant material used to enclose the perimeter, under the living area of the home, from the bottom of the manufactured home to grade. STABILIZING SYSTEM. All components of the anchoring and support systems, such as piers, footings, ties, anchoring equipment, anchoring assemblies, or any other equipment, materials and methods of construction, that support and secure the manufactured home to the ground. SUPPORT SYSTEM. Pilings, columns, a combination of footings, piers, foundation walls, caps, and shims and any com- bination thereof that will, when properly installed, support and secure the manufactured home to the ground. TIE. Straps, cable, or securing devices used to connect the manufactured home to anchoring assemblies. UTILITY CONNECTION. The connection of the manufactured home to utilities that include, but are not limited to, electric- ity, water, sewer, gas, or fuel oil. VERTICAL TIE. A tie intended to resist uplifting and overturning forces. WIND ZONE. The areas designated on the Basic Wind Zone Map, as further defined by the Manufactured Home Con- struction and Safety Standards. ENGINEER'S STAMP Certain pages of this manual display the seal of a registered engineer. Federal guidelines only require the seal from one state to be displayed, but the details herein apply to all states. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Conforms to SYMBOLS USED IN THE MANUAL xonM ioizoi08os This icon in dicates an important warning. It is critical to heed these warnings. This icon indicates a recommended best practice. While not required, following these practices III result in a superior installation, reducing the chance that cosmetic or dura- bility related complaints might arise. ABBREVIATIONS ABS Acrylonitr-le Butadiene Styrene max. Maximum American National Stan ards Insti- MHCSS Manufactured Home Construction and ANSI tute Safety Standards APA American Plywood Association min. Minimum ASTM American Society for Testing and Ma- mph Mile(s) per hour terials lers AWPA American Wood Prese Associa- NEC National Electric Code tion i CFM Cubic feet per minute I NFIP National Flood Insurance Program CFR Code of Federal Regulations NFPA National Fire Protection Association DWV Drain, Waste, Vent I O.C. On center Occupational Safety and Health Admink EMT Electrical metallic tubing OSHA stration Federal Emergency Mc nagement FEMA Agency oz Ounce(s) ft Foot/feet P. Page ga Gauge psf Pounds per square foot HUD US Department of Hol sing and Ur- psi p per Pounds square inch ban Development I in Inch(es) I SAA State Administrative Agency LAHJ Local Authority Having Jurisdiction sq ft Square foot/feet Ib(s) Pound(s) I ALTERNATIVE FOUNDATII Alternative foundation systems or des! turer's DAPIA, and are in accordance • Systems or designs are man testing agency based on a rn • System designs are prepare, tered engineer or registered and installed so as not to tak Standards. DISPLAY AND STORAGE WEATHER PROTECTION If the installation is not started imme ensure the exterior weather protecti< damaged during shipment. Inspect t tears in the home closure materials I needed. N SYSTEMS ns are permitted if they are approved by the home manufacturer and the manufac- ith either of the following: factured and installed in accordance with their listings by a nationally recognized ionally recognized testing protocol; or by a registered engineer or a registered architect or tested and certified by a regis- ,chitect in accordance with acceptable engineering practice and are manufactured the home out of compliance with the Manufactured Home Construction and Safety THE HOME itely upon delivery of the home, the retailer and/or installer has the responsibility to covering of marriage walls and the roof of homes with hinged roofs has not been home immediately upon the delivery and frequently during storage. Promptly repair prevent damage from the elements. Inspect and repair roof shingles and siding as D r 2 D X 00 O X x O E rn Z Cn r O Z D Z c D r 9/22/08 i Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 5 I i i IPFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. I 0 1.1 HUD MHCSS SUPPORTING A HOME FOR DISPLAY 10/20/08 When a new or used manufactured home is to be displayed at a retail location, temporarily block and support the home. Set up single -section homes with single block piers spaced no further apart than 12 feet o.c. beneath each I-beam. The tire and axle system may be used as one of these required supports, and the hitch jack may be used as another. Locate the first pier no further than two feet from the rear end of the home (Figure 1). Place additional piers along the perimeter on either side of openings greater than four feet (i.e. sliding glass doors, bay windows, etc.). For multi -section homes, locate additional piers along the marriage line under support columns. These locations will be marked by the manufacturer. Figure 1. Supporting a home for display Grade 12'-0" 12'-0" 12'-0" 12'-0" 12'-0° For all homes, place footings below each pier. Footings may be placed directly on the surface grade without excavation and may be ABS pads, 2 x 10 by 16 inch long pressure treated lumber or 16" x 16" by 4 inch thick concrete pads. SUPPORTING A HOME FOR STORAGE To prevent damage to homes being stored but not on display (i.e. people shall not be permitted inside the home) for a pe- riod exceeding 30 days, locate piers below each I-beam no further than two feet from each end of the home and at the approximate center of the home length. CUSTOMIZATION OF THE MODEL MANUAL This manual is based on a model manufacturer's installation manual used by many different companies. It may have been customized from the model by the manufacturer. The table below lists the locations where this manual differs from the model manual. Section Step Summary Complete Multi Section Step 3: Complete Set - Hinged Roof of the change Palm Harbor includes manual addenda for hinged roof systems based on model and plant specifics. Several references have been added to those in- structions through out the process described in Step 3. Install Footings Table 10 Added note indicating piers w/loads> 16K must be designed by PE Install Stabilizing Sys- tems Most tables have been modified/added to fit the PHH anchoring systems. All A number of details and descriptions, not used by PHH have been removed. Any added text is high lighted using italized font. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Getting Started This chapter covers a few steps that, taken v STEP 1. LOCATE THE DATA PI STEP 2. CONFIRM WIND ZONE STEP 3. CONFIRM THERMAL Z STEP 4. CONFIRM ROOF-LOA[ I STEP 5. CHECK LOCAL CODE! i� Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 , will avoid problems later in the installation process. 1 %TE (p. 7) i 1 p. 7) INE (p. 8) , ZONE (p. 9) AND SECURE PERMITS (p. 10) STEP 1. LOCATE THE DATA PLATE Locate the data plate inside the home (Figure 2), typically inside a kitchen cabinet door or on a wall panel or door face near the electrical panel, utility room, or bedroom closet. The information on the data plate will be used to verify that the home was designed for the proper location. I STEP 2. CONFIRM WIND ZgNE From Table 1, identify the wind zone for the home. Verify that the home conforms to the following rules and any special requirements determined by the LAHJ. • No home may be located in a higher wind zone than that indicated on the data plate. (Example: a home designed for Wind Zone II cannot be placed in Wind Zone III.) • A home may be located in a! lower wind zone than that indicated on the data plate. (Example: a home designed for Wind Zone II can be placed in either Wind Zone II or I.) • Homes located within 1,500 feet of the coastline in Wind Zones II and III must be designed to withstand exposure 'D' conditions. This will be indicated on the data plate. If the home does not conform to these rules, contact the manufacturer immediately. 9/22/08 arbor Homes, Inc. Figure 2. Sample data plate i // Site approprietness. If the site is not accessible, not appropriate for the planned support system or cannot be properly graded, notify the purchaser, the retailer and HUD, with the reasons why the site is unsuitable. Do not install the home until all issues are remedied. D r 2 . D X 03 O 2 O E m N Z D r r O Z D Z C D r I'I PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 0 TABLE 1_ WIND ZONE BY LOCALITY Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Zone I All areas except those areas listed below as being within Wind Zone II or III ... Counties of Baldwin and Mobile . .. All counties except those listed below as within Wind Zone III • .. Counties of Bryan, Camden, Chatham, Glynn, Liberty, McIntosh • Parishes of Acadia, Allen, Ascension, Assumption, Calcasieu, Cameron, East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana, Evangeline, Iberia, Iberville, Jefferson Davis, Lafayette, Livingston, Pointe Coupee, St. Helena, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Landry, St. Martin, St. Tammany, Tangipahoa, Vermillion, Washington, West Baton Rouge, and West Feliciana — Counties of Hancock and Washington Counties of Barnstable, Bristol, Dukes, Nantucket, and Plymouth • • Counties of George,. Hancock,' HaMsorl,_Jackson, Pearl River, and Stone Counties of Beaufort, Brunswick, Camden, Chowan, Columbus, Craven, Currituck, Jones, New Hanover, Onslow, Pamlico, Pasquotank, Pender, Perquimans, Tyrrell, and Washington • Counties of Beaufort, Berkeley, Cliarleston,•Colleton, Dorchester, Georgetown, Horry, Jasper, and Williamsburg Counties of Aransas, Brazoria, Calhoun, Cameron, Chambers, Galveston, Jefferson, Kennedy, Kleberg, Mata- gorda, Nueces, Orange, Refugio, San Patricio, and Willacy Cities of Chesapeake, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Princess Anne, and Virginia Beach • Entire state Coastal regions (as determined by the 90 mph isotach on the ANSI/ASCE 7-88 map) . .. Counties of Broward, Charlotte, Collier, Dade, Franklin, Gulf, Hendry, Lee, Martin, Manatee, Monroe, Palm Beach, Pinellas, and Sarasota • Parishes of Jefferson, La Fourche, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. Mary, and Terrebonne . • Counties of Carteret, Dare, and Hyde • All regions of the U.S. Territories of American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto. Rico, Trust Terri- 0 tory of the Pacific Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands STEP 3. CONFIRM THERMAL ZONE From Figure 3, identify the thermal (UO) zone for the home. Verify that the home con- forms to the following rules. • No home may be located in an area with a higher thermal zone number than that indicated on the data plate. (Example: a home designed for Thermal Zone 2 cannot be placed in Thermal Zone 3.) • A home may be located in a lower thermal zone than that indicated on the data plate. (Example: a home designed for Thermal Zone 2 may be placed in either Thermal Zone 2 or 1.). • In no case may a home designated for installation in the "Humid & Fringe Climate," as identified on the data plate, be located outside of this region (Table 2). If the home does not conform to these rules, contact the manufacturer immediately. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. ff is to 10/20/08 - :ova, 6 u.rame, a++s I o 0.� 0.➢79 TABLE 2. HUMID AND FRINGE CLIMATE ZONES Figure 3. Thermal (UO) zone map Counties of. Baldwin,"Bar bour, Bullock, Butler, Choctaw, Clarke, Coffee, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Dale, ` Escambia, Geneva, Henjry, Houston; Lowndes; Marengo, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Pike, Washington, and All counties and Counties of Appl hg, Atkinson, Bacon Baker, Ben Hill, Bernen, Brantley," Brooks `Bryan, Calhoun, Camden, Char -'Teton, Chatham, Clay, Clinch; Coffee; Colquitt,'Cook, Crisp, Decatur, Dougherty, Early, Echols, Effingham', Evans, Glynn;:Grady Irwin, Jeff.Davis, Lanier, Lee, Liberty; Long, Lowndes, McIntosh, Miller, Mitchell, Pierce, Quitman, Randolph, Seminole,.TattnallI Terrell; Thomas, Tift; Turner, Ware, Wayne,.and Worth All counties and locations All counties and locations Counties of Adams Amite, Claiborne, Clarke, Copiah, Covington, Forrest, Franklin, George, Greene, Hancock, Harrison, Hinds, Issaquena, Jackson, Jasper, Jefferson, Jefferson Davis, Jones, Lamar, Lawrence, Lincoln, Marion, Pearl River, Perry, Pike, Rankin, Simpson, Smith, Stone, Walthall, Warren, Wayne, and Wilkinson Counties of Brunswick [Carteret, Columbus,_New Hanover, Onslow, and Pend_er Counties of BeaufortBerkeley, Charleston, Colleton, Dorchester, Georgetown, and Horry Counties ofAnderson,f Angelina, Aransas, Atascosa, Austin, Bastrop, Bee Bexar,,Brazoria, Brooks, Burleson, Caldwell, Calhoun, Cameron, Camp; Cass, Chambers,Cherokee, Colorado, Comal, De Witt, Dimmit, Duval, Falls, Fayette, Fort Bend Franklin, ;Freestone, Frio, Galveston, Goliad, Gonzales, Gregg, Grimes, Guadalupe, Hardin, Harris, Harrison, Haysl Henderson, Hidalgo, Hopkins, Houston, Jackson, Jasper, Jefferson, Jim Hogg, Jim Wells, Karnes, Kaufman, Kennedy, Kinney, Kleberg, La Salle, Lavaca, Lee,.Leon, Liberty,Limestone., Live Oak, Madison, Marion, Matagorda, Maverick, McMullen,. Medina, Milam, Montgomery, °Morris, Nacogdoches, Navarro, Newton, .Nueces, Orange, Pan* Polk,' Rains, Refugio, Robertson, Rusk, Sabine, San Augustine, San Jacinto, San Patri- cio, Shelby, Smith, Starr, Titus, Travis, Trinity, Tyler, Upshur, Uvalde, Val Verde, Van Zandt, Victoria, Walker, Waller, Washington, Webb, Wharton, Willacy, Williamson, Wilson, Wood, Zapata,, and Zavala STEP 4. CONFIRM ROOF LOAD ZONE From Table 3, identify the Roof Load Zone for the home. Verify that the home con- forms to the following rules. • No home may be placed in an area with a higher roof load than that indicated on the data plate. (Example:ia home designed for the South (20 psf) Roof Load Zone cannot be placed in the Middle (30 psf) Roof Load Zone). • A home may be located in an area with a lower roof load than that indicated on the data plate. (Example:' a home designed for the Middle (30 psf) Roof Load Zone may be placed in the South (20 psf) Roof Load Zone). • There are special high roof load areas (primarily in mountains) not shown on the map. Contact the LAHJ or SAA for information about these areas. The home's data plate will indicate if the home has been designed for one of these high roof load areas. • Ramadas may be used in areas with roof live loads greater than 40 psf. Ramadas are to be self-supporting, except that any connection to the home must be for weatherproofing only. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. ,PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 10 7 Conforms to HUD MHCSS TABLE 3. ROOF LOADS BY LOCALITY All counties Counties of Aroostook, Piscataquis, Somerset; Penobscot„ Waldo, Knox,. Hancock,;Washington ` All counties All counties Counties of: Buena Vista, Butler, Caihoun,.Cer'ro Gordo, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Clay Dickinson, Emmet, Floyd, 'Franklin; Hamilton; Hancock, Hardin; Howard, Humboldt, Ida, Kossuth, Lyon, Mitchell, O'Brien, Osceola, Palo Alto,' Plymouth, Pocahontas, Sac, Siouz Webster; Winnebago, Worth, Wright Counties of Androscoggin, Cumberland, Franklin, Kanabec, Lincoln, Oxford, Sagadahoc, York County of Essex. Counties of Alger, Alcona, Alpena, Antrim, Baraga, Benzie, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Crawford, Delta, Dickson, Emmet, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Houghton, Iron, Kalkaska, Keweenaw, Leelanau, Luce, Mackinac, Marquette, Menominee, Missaukee, Montmorency, Ogemaw, Ontonagon, Oscoda, Otsego, Presque Isle, Ros- common, Schoolcraft, Wexford CountiesofAitkin, AnokaBeBn t nlue Earth, BroW .I Cass, Carlton, Carver,.Chippewa, Chisago, Cook,,Cotton- wood;;Crow Wing, Dakota, Dodge,,lbouglas,.Faribault, Fillmore Freeborn, Goodhue,,Grant Hennepin, Hubbard, Itasca, Isanti; Jackson, Kandiyohi, Kanabec, Koochiching, Lac qui Parle', Lake, Le Sueur,`Lincoln, Lyon, McLeod,` Meeker, Morrison, Millie,Lacs, Mower, Martin; Murray, Nicollet,`Nobles, Olmsted, Pipestone, Pine, Pope, Ramsey, Redwood, Renville, Rice, Rock, St Louis, Sibley; Scott; Steele, Sherburne, Swift: Stearns, Stevens; Todd, Wa dena, Wright, Washington,'Wabasha'; Winona, Waseca•Watonwan, Yellow Medicine All Counties ��� All Counties. Counties of Cayuga, Clinton, Essex, Erie, Franklin, Fulton, Genesee, Hamilton, Herkimer, Jefferson, Lewis, Livingston, Madison, Monroe, Montgomery, Niagara, Oneida, Onondaga, Ontario, Orleans, Oswego, St. Lawrence, Saratoga, Schenectady, Seneca, Warren, Washington, Wayne, Wyoming, Yates Counties of Brookings, Clay, Codington, Deuel, Grant, Hamlin,'Hanson, HUtchinson,'Kingsbuy, Lake, Lincoln, McCook; Miner,'Minnehaha,'Moody,„Turner, Union, Yankee All Counties Counties of Addison, Caledonia, Chit tenden,,'Essex, Franklin, Grand Isle,,Lamoiile;, Orange, Orleans, Rutland,- Washington, Windsor - . Counties of Ashland, Bayrield, Barron, Buffalo, Burnett, Clark, Chippewa, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Flor- ence, Forest, Iron, Jackson, Langlade, Lincoln, Marathon, Marinette, Menominee, Oconto, Oneida, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Price, Rusk, St. Croix, Sawyer, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vilas, Washburn All Counties: The states and counties not listed for;the Middle or North roof load zone above are deemed to bewithin the South roof load zone. ; STEP 5. CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS Local regulations may set conditions for the siting and installation of a manufactured home. Consult the LAHJ, state manufactured housing association, and the state SAA (See Resources, p. 2) for the specific local requirements, including: • Building codes that may affect the construction of site built structures and in- frastructure. Harbor Homes, Inc. i // Areas subject to flooding. The foundation specifica- tions contained in this manual are NOT intended 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. A � Conforms to HUD MHCSS • Local requirements regulating the installation of manufactured homes. • Setback requirements for property lines, streets, yards, and courts. • Fire separation distances. • Development covenants for the specific property. • The locations of flood hazard areas and any special foundation requirements for homes installed in those areasi • In some areas, building permits are required to install manufactured homes. Prior to making any alteration to the site and the home, contact the LAHJ to determine if plan approval and permits are required. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. i IFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. to address flood loads. If the home is in the flood plain, consult a registered engineer. 11 12 HUD MHCSS P re p a re the Site 10/20/08 A properly prepared site is critical to a good quality installation and the long term structural stability of the home. This chapter explains the process of planning the site, evaluating the soil, and preparing the site for construction of the home's support system. • •Wttiez Stt• • • ,® STEP 1. PLAN SITE.ACCESS (p. 12), .®_ STEP 2. DETERMINE -HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT (p. 12) .STEP 3.: CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE (p. 13)- STEP 4. DETERMINE SOIL CONDITIONS STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE (p. 13) V STEP '6: DETERMINE•GROUND ANCHOR HOLDING CAPACITY (p.-14) . . STEP 1. PLAN SITE ACCESS Planning the route to the site is typically the responsibility of the retailer or transporta- tion company. Whoever is responsible must secure state permits from the states through which the home will pass. In planning the route, avoid obstructions that might interfere with the passage of the home, such as low hanging wires and trees, low overpasses, and bridges not suitable for the load. Contact the utility company if wires need to be moved. Do not allow branches, bushes, or other foliage to scrape against the home as the home is moved to the site. Avoid ditches, berms, steep slopes, and soft ground. Identify and fill any holes and soft spots into which the transporter's wheels may sink. Avoid moving over steep changes in grade (20 degrees or more). If required, provide for home storage and staging areas on the site. Plan the delivery and staging of home sections and materials so that after all deliveries are complete, home sections and materials can be accessed for use and installed in the appropriate sequence. Orient home sections so they do not have to be rotated or excessively ma- neuvered during the installation process. Plan for temporary needs, such as dump- sters, portable toilets, crew parking, delivery vehicle drop-offs and concrete mixer de- liveries. Before moving the manufactured home to the site, inform the LAHJ and make sure the site is prepared and utilities are available. STEP 2. DETERMINE HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT The home location may have already been determined by others. If not, plan the home location and layout in compliance with the regulations researched in Getting Started, STEP 5. CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS (p. 7). Contact utilities for locations of existing infrastructure, such as underground cables, pipes, and electrical lines. When planning the site improvements, consider the following: • The home location should be level. • Avoid contact with large trees, steep slopes, poorly drained areas, and poten- tial flood zones. • Preserve trees and shrubs for shade, visual screens, and windbreaks. • Plan the driveway, parking areas, septic, well, other structures, and utility lines. Harbor Homes, Inc. i ' // Site Preparation. The home manufacturer has no con- trol over the site planning and installation of the home unless the manufacturer is responsible for the home's installation. Final responsi- bility for site preparation, including soil stability and frost heave control, lies with the installer. An improperly prepared site may result in the denial of a foundation - related warranty claim. V&FAZZA Fire separation. Comply with any LAHJ fire separa- tion requirements or the re- quirements NFPA 501A, 2003 edition (Chapter 6). PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 0 ® HUD MHCSS • Consider future additions, such as screen rooms, porches, and awningsto/zo/os • Site the home away from natural STEP 3. CLEAR AND GRADE Trim overhanging foliage considering futu and snow/ice-weighted branches. Remov, roots, twigs, dead branches, grass, and bi any debris that could become termite infe: move all other debris from the home locat tions. Properly dispose of all items. Crown the site (Figure 4) away from the f slope of 1/2 inch per foot. Where property, tions prohibit this slope, provide the site w away from the structure. Any fill required t trolled fill' applied in a maximum of four In at least 90% of its maximum relative dens ditches and berms (Figure 5). If the home in from the edge of the home. • The soil must be firm and u' pacted to at least 90% of its settle over time, causing th,le paths. rHE SITE growth, potential storms, swaying in wind organic material such as vegetation, wood, sh from directly under the home. Remove ed from the site and surrounding area. Re- n, including roots from beneath footing loca- )undation for the first ten feet with a minimum lines, walls, slopes, or other physical condi- th drains, swales, or grading to drain water grade the site should be inorganic "con- ;h layers, compacted between each layer to ty. Direct runoff away from the site using will have skirting, start grading from two feet Arrows Indicate direction of water flow. decks, and recessed entries flows issible, use other methods such as a -emove any water that may collect un- utters and downspouts. When gutters y from the home. of gutters and downspouts. ,ITI®NS location to make sure it is suitable for support system, including footing/pier the bearing capacity of the soil, and if jai strength. em must meet the following criteria: ndisturbed (not previously excavated) or fill com- maximum relative density. Uncompacted fill will home to shift and become unlevel. • Fill must not contain large debris. This too will settle over time. • The soil must not be comprised of organic clays or peat. Organic material can r Homes, Inc. V_&F*JVZZ Site drainage. Moisture un- der the home can result in structural damage to the floor system and other parts of the home. Failure to provide adequate slope/drainage can result in moisture -related problems such as mold, mildew, and erosion. Figure 4. Crown the soil un- der the home to prevent wa- ter ponding Figure 5. Direct runoff away from the home zlz Soil. Inadequate soil bearing capacity or a support sys- tem mismatched to the soil characteristics can result in excessive or differential settlement of the home, which can cause the home to go out of level, resulting in jammed doors and win- 13 bFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. I decay, causing settlement, and also may harbor pests that can infest the home. • The water table must be below the lowest level of the planned support sys- tem/foundation. A soil's bearing capacity can be greatly reduced when it is saturated with water. Note that water tables may vary with seasonal or cli- mactic conditions. Consult a geologist or the LAHJ if you are unsure of the water table level. • The soil must not be a highly expansive type. Expansive soils can expand when they become saturated with water, causing the home to shift and be- come unlevel. If soils are expansive, contact a registered engineer, or regis- tered architect to assist with the design of the foundation system. STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL -BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE The soil under a home must be capable of withstanding the loads imposed by the weight of the home, its support system and furnishings, as well as any loads imposed by wind, snow, or other climactic conditions. SOIL -BEARING CAPACITY Determine the soil -bearing capacity in pounds per square foot (psf) before designing a support system. The higher the capacity (psf), the more weight the soil can hold without unduly compressing. As the soil -bearing capacity increases, footings can be reduced in size or spaced farther apart. Use one or more of the following methods to determine the site's soil bearing capacity: • Test the soil. Hire a registered geologist, registered engineer, or registered architect to determine the soil classification and maximum allowable soil bear- ing capacity by testing the soil in accordance with generally accepted engi- neering practice. • Obtain soil records. The local office of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service i�www.soils.usda.gov) and/or the LAHJ may have test results and/or soil analyses on file for the area. • Conduct a pocket penetrometer test. Use a pocket penetrometer to esti- mate allowable soil -bearing capacity as follows: 1. Select a location that will be under a footing. 2. Clear an area of a minimum of one square foot at least four inches deep or to the depth of the bottom of the planned footing. 3. Using the instructions provided with the pocket penetrometer, take at least five readings. 4. Discard the high and low readings and average the remaining readings. Round this result down to the nearest soil -bearing value shown in the right column of Table 4. 5. Confirm that the rounded result matches the soil description on Table 4. • Determine soil -bearing value by visual examination. If one of the options above is not available, the values on Table 4 can be used to establish soil - bearing capacity by visual examination. This method provides lower capacity values than the options above. Accurate soil identification typically requires special training or expertise. An engineer or building code official may be able to assist in classifying the soil found on the site. 14 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. is to dows, cracks in finishes and ruptured plumbing connections. V&*OZIZJ Soil bearing capacity. Sup- port systems on soilp with bearing capacities less than 1,000 psf must be designed by a registered engineer or registered architect and approved by the LAHJ. Limitations of pocket pene- trometers. Pocket pene- trometers do not work on sand or gravel. Use Table 4 to determine allowable pressure for these types of soils. If you encounter a layer of gravel, test the soil under the gravel. Do not put the penetrometer on stones larger than its tip as this will provide an inaccu- rate reading. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. PFS -- Conforms f HUD MHC, 10/20/08 TA01 C A cell _12CA01AIR r'APACITV RN Snll TYPE Pressure Soil Type (and classification) Rock or hard pan (class 1) Allowal�le (psf) 4,000 Sandy gravel and gravel; very dense and/or ce{nented sands; course gravel/cobbles; preloaded silts, clays and coral (class 2) 2,000 Sand; silty sand; clayey sand; silty gravel; med'um dense course sands; sandy gravel; very stiff silt, sand clays (class 3) 1,500 Clay, sandy clay, silty clay, clayey silt (classes 4A and 413) 1,000 Uncompacted fill, peat, organic clays (class.5) Professional testing required Note to table: No allowances maoe Tor overourgen pressure, emoeumern ueNu 1, waLci LOU= height, or settlement problems. I Use default capacity. Use an allowable pressure of 1,500 psf, unless site - specific information requires theI use of lower values based on soil classifica- tion and type according to Table 4. Note that soil types may vary across a home site. In this case, the soil with the lowest bearing capacity should be assumed when designing the support system. Keep a re- cord of the soil -bearing capacity value; i will be used later to design the home's sup- port system. FROST LINE In climates subject to ground freezing, consult the LAHJ, a registered engineer, or reg- istered architect to determine the depth .1 the frost line. Figure 6 may be used as a guideline when there is no specific local determination. Keep a record of the frost depth; it will be used later tc design the home's support system. I 1' 2 .r1_L 3' 5�6- 11 7' 6'5' rel STEP 6. DETERMINE G ITY When using auger -type ground a to determine the anchor -holding 4' (n -"'1,3' 3' S% 3' -2' '1' 0' ND ANCHOR HOLDING CAPAC- to tie down the home, first, use a torque probe i of the soil on the site. Figure 6. Average frost penetration depth (in feet) V&IOZZA Torque Probe. Before using the torque probe, check with the utility companies for the location of under- ground cables or pipes to avoid contact with the probe shaft. .o D r n M W O X O 9 M Cn z Cn r r O Z Z C r- r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 15 I PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. a 16 ® HUD MHCSS Use a torque probe with a shaft of sufficient length to test the soil at the depth of the 10/20/08 anchor helical plate. Augur the probe into the ground, and following the probe manufac- turer's instructions, take the torque wrench reading in the area where the anchors will be installed and at the depth of the anchor helix. If the soil varies in consistency across the site, then use the lowest reading. Based on this reading, consult the anchor manu- facturer's charts to select the anchor type(s). Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. i AW " Conforms to Install Footingsi /2o/08SS This chapter provides instructions for the design and construction of individual footings that transfer the load from a single pier to the ground. A footing and pier together (discussed in Set the Home) is referred to as a "support." A footing may also be designed to carry the load of multiple piers (often called "strip" footings). The design of strip footings is not cov- ered in this manual. ® STEP 1..DESIGN POINT LOAD SUPPORTS (p. 17) ® STEP 2. DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS (Homes Without Perimeter Blocking) (p. 20) ® STEP 3. DESIGN FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS (Homes With Perimeter Blocking) (p.21) ! V STEP 4. SELECT FOOTING MATERIALSr(p. 22) ® STEP,5. SIZE FOOTINGS (p. 22)I . 0 STEP 6. INSTALL FOOTINGS STEP 1. DESIGN POINT LO) All homes will need supports, and there (for multi -section homes), exterior wall c The home manufacturer may have prov or other markings under the home) indic perimeter, marriage line and/or frame sl gram or tags take precedence over the Create a sketch of the home that includ marriage line(s), if a multi -section home cate each support, and note the size of ample of such a support plan. Shearwal Pier Perimeter Bbdchg Piers /(If Req uire d) I -Beam Frame Post Piers \1 \ B )SUPPORTS e footings, under the frame, marriage line !nings and other heavy point loads. id a blocking diagram (or tags, labels, paint ng the required locations and/or loads for )orts specifically for this home. If so, the dia- actions provided in this manual. the exterior walls, the frame I -beams and the he sketch will be used in this chapter to lo- corresponding footing. Figure 7 is an ex - Door Piers Door Piers --I (If Required) I -Beam Frame e Wal Piers me Piers As the location and load for each support is determined, note it on the sketch. When selecting locations for supports, keep in mind that increasing the spacing between sup- m Harbor Homes, Inc. V&*Irzzj High roof loads. For roof loads of 40 psf or greater, a registered engineer or registered architect must determine the maximum marriage wall opening permitted without pier or other supports. Figure 7. Example of sup- port plan 17 I I PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 1 Conforms to HUD MHCSS ports will increase the load on that support and the size of the required footing. 10/20/08 DETERMINE LOCATIONS Point loads exist where a bearing/structural weight is concentrated and transferred to the foundation at a specific point. Locate a support under each point load, including the following examples: • Exterior doors on side walls at both sides of each door (blocking is not re- quired at exterior doors on non -bearing end walls). • Other exterior wall openings four feet and greater at both sides of each open- ing (including multiple windows that total four feet wide or more without inter- mediate supports, even if individual windows are less than four feet). • Marriage line openings four feet or greater at both sides of each opening (where marriage line openings are greater than 10 feet, intermediate supports must be placed at maximum 10 feet on center). • Locations where through -the -rim crossover ducts penetrate the rim joist at the marriage line (unless otherwise noted in supplemental documents provided with the home or unless the home is constructed with a perimeter frame sys- tem). • Marriage line columns. • Load -bearing porch posts. • Under heavy (400 Ibs or greater) items, such as heavy furniture, waterbeds, fireplaces and large fish tanks when located outboard of the home's main (- beams. Mark the required point load support locations on the sketch. Supports are not required where the manufacturer has reinforced the floor (such as with additional outriggers or floor joists) and so noted in the documentation provided with the home. Figure 8 and Figure 9 identify typical point load support locations. Chen 1Pur eam Frame ardage Was Piers 18 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. Figure 8. Typical point -load support locations 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. C HUD MHI 10/20/08 Door Than4 OpeningLessL�Combined Span (A+Bf Than 48 in. in Width Ridge Beam wall more I M][Ii,mn oPost or than 16 in. in Wall, Less Than 16 Widthinn Width —SpanC Span Grade Fooling Footing Sized for Single Footing Sized for Span Footing Sized Footing Sized for Spans C and D B or C for Span A+B Sized for Span respectively. [Note: If Span Wall is Less Than 16 in, in Width, Use Combined Span C +D with a Single Pier[ I CALCULATE LOADS j Use Table 5 to determine the loads on poiht-load supports. For each support, find the columns with the appropriate roof load zone and section width. Find the row(s) corre- sponding to the span. See Figure 9 for guidance on determining spans. The loads in the "M"-column are for one section only! When support(s) exist on the opposite section in the same location, add the respective loads from each section together to arrive at the total load under that point. The number in the columns under the "M"land "P" headings are the loads for supports along the marriage line and perimeter resQectively (point loads in the center of a sec- tion, i.e. not along a marriage line or perimeter wall, require the load in the "P" column). Interpolation for openings between those iI§hown in the table is permitted. Note the required loads next to each point load support on the sketch. I TABLE 5. LOAD ON POINT -LOAD FOO,`fINGS Figure 9. Typical point -load support locations along the marriage line 1-41 Is if; J't� F � a b�#Y89e�� 4 ,10 @6110 R The Installation Manual shipped with the home should include a layout with point load locations and total loads. Use Table 5 only when a model specific layout is not available. Roof load zone and maximum section width 16 ft - 466 566 546 646 62Q 720 622 766 728 868 826 966 777 957 911 1091 1033 1213 816. 1016 956 11-56 -1085 1285 1089 1369'.1275 1555 1446 1726 1361 1721 1594 1954 1.808 2168 ® 1166 1466 1366 1666 1550 1850 1555 1975 1822 2242 2066 2486 1944 2484 2277 2817 2583 3123 m 1516 1916 1776 2176 .2015 2415 2022 2582 2368 2928 2686,3246 2527 3247 2961 3681 3358 4078 m 1866 2366 2186 2686 2480 2980 2489 3189 2915 3615 3306 4006 3111 4011 3644 4544 4133 5033 m 2216 2816 2596 3196 2945 3545 2955 3795 3462 4302 3926,4766 3694 4774 4327 5407 4908 5988 C. 19 I PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 20 STEP 2. DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS (Homes Without Pe- rimeter Blocking) DETERMINE LOCATIONS All homes require regularly spaced supports along all main frame 1-beams. Select spacing between supports and sketch them on the support plan. Keep in mind that frame supports under homes with 8" deep I -beams may be no more than eight feet apart. Those under homes with 10" or 12" deep I -beams may be no more than 10 feet apart. Generally, greater distances between supports will require larger footings. Figure 10 shows typical frame support locations. i ypicai HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 V&*#Zr1Z Spacing frame supports. There must be a support located near the end of each I-beam such that there is no more than 12 inches of beam past the edge of the support. Figure 10. Typical support locations for homes not re- rame quiring regularly spaced pe- rimeter supports iers � �,� I f 3#0ifIF Wall Piers **� . ' tiers 40 ,.,,��� 16 s� ,� a� F''v�64dkitf°i� �gRq 4r ap o # go CALCULATE LOADS Use Table 6 to determine the loads on frame supports. Find the column with the ap- propriate roof load zone and section width. Find the', row corresponding to the selected support spacing. The number in the intersecting cell is the load. Loads on all frame supports can be assumed to be equal if support spacing is equal. However, if different support spacings are used then each support with a different spacing should be calculated separately. Note the location and load required of each support on the sketch. TABLE 6. LOAD ON FRAME SUPPORTS FOR HOMES NOT REQUIRING PERIMETER BLOCKING i. �. i. ®2410 2690 2960 2700 3000 3330 PERIMETER BLOCKING RE- QUIRED 3920 4360 3930' 4390' 488 4600 5155 5740 5170 5780 6440 Spans shown underlinded apply only'when data plate indicates "NO.PERIMETER,BLOCKING REQUIRED" Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11103/14. Is to 10/20/08 STEP 3. DESIGN FRAME AND ERIMETER SUPPORTS - (Homes With Perimet r Blocking) DETERMINE LOCATIONS Depending on design and location, some homes require regularly spaced perimeter supports along all of the sidewalls and marriage walls in addition to frame supports. This will be indicated on the data plate and/or documents included with the home. If required, perimeter supports are only needed on bearing walls. Bearing walls are those walls that support the ends of roof trusses or rafters (typically sidewalls and mar- riage walls but not end walls of main units or sidewalls of tag units). To minimize the number of required perimeter supports, space them evenly between point load supports as shown in Figure 11land Figure 12 (but not under spans). These figures identify typical support locations for homes requiring perimeter supports. Perimeter piers are in addition to piers added at column supports and large sidewa/l openings. In addition, the piers under the columns and sidewall openings must include the load determined for the adjacent perimeter piers. (I.e.: add % the load deter- mined from Table 7 to the load determined for the point loads from Table 5) Shearwall Pier Perimeter Blocking Piers I -Beam Post Piers rs B CkIn e Blpcldng PII rs Door Pie Door Piers I -Beam Frame Marriage Wall Piers 24" max to 1st pier Typical e Piers Door or Opening Lew Than 4B in. in Width Combined Span - ■it�it�i■ i �a� I! III 1 Column Post o Wall Less Than 16 sx� Span A ■i�i�i�li�i�u�li�i�G�i■ iMiMi_i_i-°ui�i-i�i' i // Spacing frame supports. There must be a support located near the end of each I-beam such that there is no more than 12 inches of beam past the edge of the support. Figure 11. Typical support locations for homes requiring perimeter supports Figure 12. Typical marriage line support locations for ::1 homes requiring perimeter supports Marriage Footing M Irriage Fooling Footg Marriage Footing line supports Sized.for lin6 support Sized for Sized for linesupport Sizedfor Span I Span Span A+B Span I CALCULATE LOADS Use Table 7 to determine the loads on, frame and perimeter supports for homes requir- ing perimeter blocking. Find the column with the appropriate roof load (Table 3) and 9/22/08 ; Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 21 FS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. J Q a z Q z O Q J J Q H rn z N W M O 2 o: O m w Q J a a 22 section width. Find the group of rows corresponding to the selected support spacing. The values in the intersecting cells are the loads for the frame, perimeter, and marriage line supports respectively. Loads on supports of a given type (frame, perimeter, or marriage) can be assumed to be equal if support spacing is equal. However, if different support spacings are used then each support with a different spacing should be calculated separately. Note the location and load required of each support on the sketch. TABLE 7. LOAD ON FRAME AND PERIMETER,SUPPORTS FOR HOMES REQUIRING P911 965 1060 1150 _1190 ' 2055 9360 2475 1550 2860 1450 1780 1585 2035 1715' 2325 3080 3710 4290 1925 2115 2285 2375 . 2715 31,00 4110 4950 5720 2405r2645 2860 SEE 8FT ROW nrmc fn HUD MHCSS �Sy ro pig��/20/08 P R o r-- 0 VJAL 965 1060 1150 965 1060 1150 1475, 1670, 1900 '1760 1985, 2250, 2520 3020 3480 2990 3570 4100 1450 1585 1715 -;1450, 1585, e. 1715, 2210 2505 2850 2640 2975 3375 3780 4530 . 5220 -. 4480 5350 6150 1925 2115 2285 1925 2115 2285 2950,, 3340 3800 3520 >> 3970, 4500 A 5040 6040 6960 5975 7135 8200 2405� 2645 2860 2405 .° 2645 2860, SEE 8FT ROW SEE 8FT ROW STEP 4. SELECT FOOTING MATERIAL Select one of the products and materials from Table 8 for the footings. TART F R- FOC)TINr. MATPRIAI C Material Appropriate .- Minimum 6" thick poured -in -place concrete pads, slabs, or ribbons with at lea a 28 Poured concrete All soil types day compressive strength of 3,000 psi. Cast -in -place concrete footings may also require reinforcing steel based on acceptable engineering practice, the design loads, and site specific soil conditions. Minimum 4" thick nominal precast concrete pads meeting or ezceedirig ASTM C Pre -oast concrete All soil types 90=02a, Standard Specification for Load Bearing Concrete Masonry Units, without µ_# reinforcement, with at least a 28-day,compressive strength of 2 500 psi Use in accordance with the pad manufacturer's instructions. Must be certified for ABS plastic Stable soils use in the soil classification at the site, listed and labeled for the required load ca- pacity. Proprietary Consult system manufac- systems, Consult system manufacturer. turer STEP 5. SIZE FOOTINGS Once the load on the footing and the soil -bearing capacity are known, calculate the Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. V 1?'S e zz Frost protection. When se- lecting footing materials, bear in mind the need for frost protection. Not all foot- ing materials are suitable PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14, ---------- HUD MHCSS _ size of each footing as follows: 10/20/08 1. From Table 9 determine if the pier) is to be of single -stack blocks (8 inch x16 inch) or double -stack blocks (16 inch x 16 inch) pier. 2. Locate the group of rows in Table 10 with the soil -bearing capacity deter- mined in Prepare the Site, STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL -BEARING CAPAC- ITY AND FROST LINE (p. 14). U I e the next lowest value if the exact value does not appear. 3. Read across the table to determine the minimum required footing area and the minimum footing thickness for the corresponding footing type (single or double -stacked blocks). 4. The required footing size may be changed by selecting another support spac- ing (Table 6 or Table 7). TABLE 9. PIER CONFIGURATION Less than 36 in (except corner Single -stack blocks with long side 8,000 lbs. piers more than 3 blocks high) perpendicular to I-beam, Between 36 in and 67 in and cor- Double, interlocked blocks 16,000 lbs. ner piers over 3 blocks high Over 67 in " Double, interlocked blocks 16,000 lbs. 54 in or less Single -stack blocks with long side g,000 lbs.' parallel to perimeter rail (rim joist) Single -stack blocks with long side 54 in or less perpendicular to the marriage line 8,000 lbs. F gti i i4 � w oo for freezing climates. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 23 i PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 1 24 HUD MHCSS TABLE 10. FOOTING DIMENSIONS 10/20/08 . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. 256 16 X 16 6 600 324 18 X 18 6. 800, g . • :, N/A 400 20 X 20 6 1030 6 580 500 576.. , 24 X 24, 6 1550. 6 1100 . 900 30 X 30 6 2500 6 2050 1296'. 36 X36,. 6 3675 6 3225 256 16 X 16 6 1490 6 1045 $ : 1930 c, , g 400 1000 .. 20 X 20 6 2420 6 1970 576 ..24. X 24 - 6 1 3550 - 6! 3100 900 30 X 30 6 5630 6 5180 1296 36 X36 7 • 8060 = t 6 ' 7725 256 16 X 16 6 2380 6 1930 324 „18 X 18 . 6 3055 g 2600 , 400 20 X 20 6 3810 6 3360 1500 576 24 X 24 : ; ,w - 6 5550 6 5100 : 900 30 X 30 7 8680 6 8300 1296 .: 36 X36 8 _ 12450; & 12100, 256 16 X 16 6 3270 6 2820 324 ', . ,.� 18 X 18 6 41'80 6 3730 400 ii� 20 X 20 6 5200 6 wu 4750 576 ., , . _, 24 X 24 = 6 7550 900 30 X 30 8 11725 6 _ 11400V� 1296 36"X36 , " A0 16725 ` " 7 - 16600° r 256 16 X 16 6 4160 6 3710 324. ., 18 X 18 ;,:. 6, 5300 g 4850 400 20 X 20 6 6600 6 6130 00-- - .- __ _.-_. ___ _.__..___—_—__ -----._,_,.--- 576 24,X.P4 6' 9550 6 ... 9100 900 30 X 30 8 14850 6 14550 1296 ,36 X36 •. , 11. .21110 ... 8 21000 256 16 X 16 6 6830 6 6380 324 - 18 X'18 6 8680-. 6 = 8230"' _`- 4000 400 20 X 20 6 10760 6 10300 576 ' :24 X 24 8' 15450 "m6'`m6 ; 15100"' 900 30 X 30 11 23990 7 23850 1296- 36•X36 13 r34390 : 34275 Note: The capacity values listed have been reduced by the dead load of the concrete footing and pier. 4 A fs Design footings to comply with the following additional requirements: f • Design each footing at least slightly larger than the base of the pier it sup- •. . ports. ¢••lp— • To keep footings directly under ]-beams and other support points, size them slightly larger than the minimum required area to allow slight adjustment of the pier location during home installation.,,t](�, • • Design footings with a footing extension (projection beyond the base of the '� i• Palm Harbor Homes, Inc.X. lm« PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 0 L9 to E; 10/20/08 pier) no greater than the footing thickness (Figure 13). Increase footing thick- ness if necessary. a" L 6„ 16" Block 'I 1 _f � a^ 4��6 FoofingExtends 1�, Extends By More 16" NO YESBYItsThickness NO Than Its Thickness 16" Or Less �r5 r YES a^ s° SpR Footing Extends YES Less Than One Third Its Width 11 4- SpIH Footing Extends NO More Than One Third Its Width • The footing sizes shown are for'square pads and are based on the surface area (square inches). Design non -square footings such that the area and depth is equal to or greater tharll the area and depth of the square footing shown in Table 10, and the distance from the edge of the pier to the edge of the footing is not more than the Ithickness of the footing. • For four -inch thick unreinforced�precast concrete footings, use the minimum footing size for the six-inch cas -in-place footing from Table 10. • Sinale stack (drv-stack) pier maximum caoacity is 8000 lbs. Double stacked STEP 6. INSTALL FOOTING Construct the footings as follows: • Maintain the distance betweei spacing and so the average d or less than the tabulated soa int piers to within 10% of the tabulated between any adjacent spans is equal to • Whenever possible, place point load supports directly under the required lo- cations. If plumbing, electrical,lmechanical equipment interferes, place sup- ports no more than 6 inches in either direction of the support point. • Recess perimeter blocking supports and perimeter point load supports no more than 10 inches from the ledge of the floor with added support as shown in Figure 14. 4x4 Or 2-2x4'S On E Toqether) Spanninq r Rim Plate t, E Im Harbor Homes, Inc. Figure 13. Maximum footing extensions V&r0ozz Placing Concrete anchors. If anchors will be placed in concrete, follow instructions in Install Stabilizing Sys- tem (p. 60) to determine anchor layout. Either place anchors immediately after the concrete has been poured or drill them in after the concrete has set. Figure 14. Perimeter sup- ports 25 I I 1 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 1 26 • If footings are rectangular, orient them so that the long side is perpendicular to the home's I-beam. • Place the bottom of footings on undisturbed soil or fill compacted to at least 90% of its maximum relative density. • In freezing climates protect footings from the effects of frost heave in accor- dance with any LAHJ requirements (see Prepare the Site, p. 12). Place the bottom of the footings below the frost line (insulated foundations and mono- lithic slabs are other frost protection options not covered in this manual). • Make sure the top surface of the footing is level, flat, and smooth. • In accordance with the American Concrete Institute publication ACI-308, maintain curing measures before construction or installation onto the concrete footing begins, until a minimum of 70% of the specified 28-day compressive strength has been achieved. The ACI recommended time to attain this level of strength is seven days for ASTM C150 Type 1 mixtures and 10 days for Type 11 mixtures. Full design live and dead loads may not be applied until the 28- day duration has elapsed for achieving full strength. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. to Excavation. If excavation is required, mark the footing locations on the ground with stakes before beginning to dig. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. conforms to Construct Foundation H1OD/2U 8�SS (FOR HOMES WITH LOAD -BEARING PERIMETER WALL) This chapter provides guidelines and reco i mendations for the design and construction of a basement or crawlspace foundation using a load -bearing perimeter wall. A load -bearing perimeter wall foundation system uses a wall along the outer edge of the home to support the home's outside walls. This perimeter support works with interior supports such as piers, columns, and cross beams that supplort the home's frame and, if multi -section, marriage line. STEP 1. OBTAIN A FOUNDATI STEP 2. EXCAVATE (p. 27) STEP 3. CONSTRUCT THE FO STEP 4. CONSTRUCT THE PE STEP S. INSTALL INTERIORS DESIGN (p. 27) NG OR SLAB (p. 27) ETER WALL (p. 27) (p. 28) STEP 6. WATERPROOF FOUNDATION WALL'(p. 28) ® STEP 7. BACKFILL AND GRADE (p. 28) STEP 1. OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN If a load -bearing perimeter wall foundation design has not been provided by the home manufacturer, it is the responsibility of the retailer and/or home owner to provide a de- sign approved by an engineer or architect, licensed in the state where the home will be installed. The approved design must corr?ply with the LAHJ regulations for foundation design, waterproofing, and drainage, and the following: • The foundation perimeter bearirll g wall must be supported with a concrete slab or continuous strip footing around the perimeter of the home. Interior piers must be supported by a slab or footings. If footings are used under interior piers, they may be designed as in Prepare Footings, p. 17. • Slabs must extend to the edges of the home. • Footings and slabs must be protected from the effects of frost heave by ex- tending the footings to or below the frost line or by using a frost protected shallow foundation design. STEP 2. EXCAVATE Excavate for the foundation, properly disposing of the earth that is not needed for backfill or site -grading purposes. STEP 3. CONSTRUCT THE FOOTINGS OR SLAB Construct the foundation according to the approved design, including the perimeter foundation wall, drainage system, footing(s), and/or slab. STEP 4. CONSTRUCT THE PERIMETER WALL Unless the approved design requires otherwise, construct the perimeter wall with mor- tared and reinforced concrete blocks or reinforced poured -in -place concrete. Install re- inforcement according to the approved I design or LAHJ. Install ventilation and access openings according to the approved design, or if not specified, according to the re- quirements in Complete Under the Home, STEP 3 INSTALL SKIRTING (p. 95). When constructing pockets for an H-beam system, measure the beam depth and lo- cate the pockets carefully. It is critical that when the home's frame rests on top of the H-beam, the perimeter of the floor rests squarely on the foundation wall sill plate 9/22/08 ; Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 1 I 1 I PFS certifies this document is current as of 11103/14. 1 Using engineered designs. This section is NOT in- tended to provide a com- plete design for a buildable foundation. A complete design must be obtained that is suitable for the local area and sealed by a pro- fessional engineer or regis- tered architect, licensed in the state. Foundation ready home. Make sure that homes to be installed on a basement or a crawlspace have been ordered with a recessed frame or as foundation - ready, where the frame is designed to avoid interfer- ence with the foundation wall. Checking the water table. For basements, check for a high water table. The water table may vary seasonally or based on weather condi- tions. A geologist can per- form an algae test to de- termine the water table level. The foundation de- sign must account for a 27 (Figure 15). Leave room for a two-inch nominal, pressure treated wood spacer on top of the wall pockets (to'prevent corrosion, the steel beams must not be in direct contact with concrete). Leave at least one inch for thermal expansion at the ends of the beams and maintain a minimum of two inches of bearing area for the beams in the pockets (yielding a minimum pocket depth of three inches). Bolt a pressure treated wood sill plate (minimum 2 x 6) to the top of the foundation wall. If the home's siding cannot be nailed through, use a 2 x 10 sill plate that extends into the foundation 1-1/4 inches (Figure 16). The home can then be connected to the foundation by fastening the sill plate into the floor joists from below. Connect the home to the foundation according to the approved design. Recess nuts into the sill plate and cut off the ends of bolts so they do not project above the sill plate and interfere with the placement of the home. Floor Pressure Treated Chassis Sill Plate Main I -Beam Transverse H-beam Pressure Treated Plate 8 x 8 x 16-inch Concrete Block STEP 5. INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS Install piers, columns and H-beams to support the interior of the home according to the approved design. STEP 6. DAMP PROOF FOUNDATION WALL Damp-proof the foundation wall no less than up to the height of the planned backfill STEP 7. BACKFILL AND GRADE Backfill against the foundation wall to the height of the damp proofing.Take care to not damage the drainage system. Grade the fill as per Prepare the Site (p. 12). 28 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. MF V conforms to HUD MHCSS high water table. 10/20/08 Level the wall. Make sure the foundation is level and straight with no more than a 1/4 inch vertical variation over the entire foundation and no more than 1/8 inch vertical variation over any two -foot length. Check for Plates. When us- ing an H-beam system, check and compensate for reinforcement plates that add thickness to the chas- sis beam at axle locations. Figure 15. H-beam installa- tion Figure 16. Connection using 2 x 10 sill plate Limits of exca- vation. When a crane will be used, excavate no more than two feet outside the foundation perimeter. Un- excavated ground will pro- vide a more stable base for the crane. Footing heights. Pour foot- ings to a height that will re- duce the need to cut blocks or shim when building peri- meter walls and piers. i // Backfilling. Backfill against basement walls only after the home is connected to the foundation or the basement walls may deflect inward or collapse. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Set the Home This chapter describes the process of tion) onto the foundation. V 'STEP 1. PREPARE FOR SET V STEP 2. POSITION HOME SE Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 the first section of the home (for single section homes this is the only sec- DN (p. 29) ® STEP 3. LIFT HOME (p. 29) ® STEP 4. CONSTRUCT PIERS (pi. 31) STEP 1. PREPARE FOR SET Before beginning the home set, complete the following: • Confirm that the site is properly cleared and graded (see Prepare the Site, p. 12. 1 • Ensure that the footings are in p • Install any utilities that will be dii neath the home) after the home • Secure or remove from the hom to shipping documents for items • Inspect the home interior, exteri equipment. Immediately report ace and properly located. 9cult to install (e.g. those below grade be - is in place. and properly store all ship loose items (refer shipped with the home). )r and all provided materials, appliances, and ny damage or shortages to the manufacturer. • The ground moisture retarder rr1ay be installed now or after the home is com- plete. See Complete Exterior Work, STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOIS- TURE RETARDER (p. 94) for requirement and then return here. For perimeter bearing wall foundations: • Check that the length and width of the home match with the foundation walls. • Check that the two main diago i al measurements of the foundation are equal. • Check that the foundation walls and other support points are within 1/4 inch of level overall and within 1/8 inch of level within any four foot distance. • For multi -section homes, check' that each pair of diagonal measurements for each portion of the foundation (corresponding to a home section are equal. • For multi -section homes, find the electrical bonding lugs on the front or rear outriggers. Reverse them to the inside of the outrigger using star washers so they will be accessible after the home is placed on the foundation walls. • If using an H-beam system, remove the frame's shackle hanger if it will inter- fere with proper placement of the beam. STEP 2. POSITION HOME SECTION Position the home section in its final location (if possible, move the heaviest section of the home into place first). Then place materials needed to construct support piers near their final locations under the home as determined in Prepare Footings, (p. 17). STEP 3. LIFT HOME There are three primary methods available to place the home on the foundation: jack- ing, rolling and craning. Jacks, often with roller systems, are typically used for pier and anchor foundations; roller systems are commonly used for crawlspace foundations with load -bearing perimeter walls; and cranes are most commonly used for basement foun- dations. 9/22/08 1 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. V&*#Z,ZJ Clearances under the home. After the home is leveled, the resulting dis- tance between the bottom of the entire chassis main frame beam and the ground must be no less than 12 inches. Utilize proper cribbing. Manufactured homes weigh several tons. No one should be under the home (whether it is mov- ing or stationary) unless proper cribbing is in place (Figure 17). Failure to util- ize proper cribbing may result in serious injury or death. Leveling during jacking. Keep the home's floor as level as possible during jacking. Twisting or warping the floor can dam- age the structure and finish- ing. Use as many jacks as necessary to keep the floor flat and level. 29 PIFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. ce JACKS Conforms to HUD MHCSS If jacks are to be used, comply with all jacking safety precautions and the procedure 10/20/08 below. Lifting the home with jacks involves potential risks and must be done with ut- most care and caution. Failure to follow jacking warnings and procedures may result in serious injury or death. Please read the Jacking Safety Precautions before lifting the home with jacks. PRECAUTIONSJACKING SAFETY • No one'should be under the home's i-beams while the jacks are being oper- ated or while the home is supported only on the jacks. • Use jacks only for raising the home. Do not rely on the jacks to support the home.° • . If possible, raise the home only on one side so that the other side is in contact'' with the ground: Leave the hitch connected to the vehicle or other stabilizing equipment. • Obey all OSHA regulations. • Make sure adequate safety cribbing (Figure 17) is in place whenever the ' home is placed `on jacks. • Use°a minimum of two commercial quality jacks, each with 'a rating of at'least. 12 tons. , • Jack only on the main chassis I-beam, centering jacks directly under the -beam. •' 'Do not jack on a seam (joint between flanges of twin 1-beams). i To distribute the concentrated loads from jacks to I-beam, place a,minimum . ! 3/8-inch thick steel plate, a C-channel, a 1,%-inch thick hardwood block or a commercial jacking plate, between the main chassis I-beam and the jack Ihead. • Locate the jack base on firm ground. Never jack on freshly disturbed soil or where an underground sewer pipe may ber located. i Use a firm support under the jack base to prevent tipping or settling of the jack. A minimum 16" x 16" or larger wood or rigid fiberglass pad is recommended. ! Never use concrete blocks as a support fo'r a jack. Follow the jacking sequence outlined below to avoid overstressing structural members: 1. Block wheels. Block the wheels so the house does not roll. 2. Install cribbing. Install safety cribbing (Figure 17). t I it 3. Level lengthwise. Locate one jack at the hitch and level the section length- wise (such that the front and rear of the section are at the same height). 4. Locate frame jacks. Place a minimum of one jack just forward of the first spring hanger and another just behind the last spring hanger of the I-beam on the side of the home that is lowest (making sure not to place jacks where the piers will go). Place jacks no more than 20 feet apart and no more than 20 feet from each end of the I-beam. 5. Lift the home. Operating the jacks simultaneously (or sequentially in very small increments), lift the home section until it is slightly higher than the final desired pier height. ROLLER SYSTEMS When using a roller system, comply with the equipment manufacturer's directions and the following sequence: Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. Figure 17. Stack 4" x 6" by 5' long timbers as shown to form safety timbers. Place safety timbers under home behind axle area and under hitch. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 1. Establish staging area. Establi both sides of the foundation. 2. Setup rollers. Set up the roller turer's directions. 3. Fasten bump blocks. Tempora plates at the ends of the foundai sired location. 4. Roll home. Roll the home into l: 5. Remove bump blocks. Remov, of a multi -section home. CRANES When using a crane, follow these a staging area directly adjacent to one or according to the equipment manufac- fasten wooden bump blocks on the sill to stop the home from rolling at the de - over the foundation. the blocks before installing the next section Position the home section(s) and crane (taking the boom reach into consid- eration) such that they do not have to be repositioned during the set. • Use enough properly sized strr prevent damage to the structw • Place straps under walls or po the opening. Do not position lif • Use a properly sized spreader compression forces on the ear • Connect a rope to at least one aloft. to maintain balance of the home and to including temporary posts used to support straps under marriage wall openings. to maintain a vertical lift, to avoid placing and to reduce any tendency to slip. Int on the home so it can be controlled while • Make provisions to retrieve thelstraps/cables after the home is set. If using a cradle system, notch the sill plate where the straps will fall. For a sling sys- tem, notch and reinforce the home's rim joist to keep the strap from slipping and allow the strap to be removed after the home is set. • Always set the home section farthest from the crane first so that subsequent section(s) need not be lifted over previously set sections. STEP 4. CONSTRUCT PIE For the side of the home section that lowing the home manufacturer's bloc the support plan developed in Install section and work toward the other nc procedure described below. Construct piers so as to provide a stE in the specifications box below and b measured from the top of the footing construction requirements. up on jacks, place piers on footings or pads fol- ig plan (or tags). If no plan was provided, use )otings (p. 17). Start at one end of the home g the required pier material specifications and e foundation for the home using materials listed ed on the location of the pier and its height as pad to the top of the cap. See Table 12 for pier 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. I I PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. I PFS#°5 MD Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Designing piers. Incorrect size, location or spacing of piers may result in serious structural damage to the home. Install piers at all re- quired locations. Failure to do so may lead to sagging floors, walls, and roofs, and could void the home's war- ranty. 31 n 32 HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 TABLE 11. PIER MATERIAL MINIMUM SPECIFICATIONS TABLE 12. PIER CONSTRUCTION Less than 36 in (except corner piers more than 3 Single -stack blocks with long ''/2' 8,000 lbs. Not required` blocks high) side perpendicularto I-beam Between 36 in and 67 in and corner piers over 3 1" ('/2' up to 36" Double, interlocked blocks high) 16,000 lbs. Not required blocks high Over 67 in Designed by a registered engineeror registered architect Single-stackocks with �'/1 up to high, 54 in or less" side parall I of per meter rail 8,000 lbs. Not required 1" over 366"" high (rim joist) Single -stack blocks with long , „ /z to 36",high, ' 54 in or less*` side perpendicular to the ,up 8 000 lbs. Not required 1" over 36" high marriage line ... Construct perimeter and marriage line piers over 54 inches according to the requirements for frame piers of the same height. 1. Prepare footing surface. Make sure the footing surface upon which the pier sits is flat and smooth. Before placing the pier on the footing, clean dirt, rocks, or other material off the surface of the footing. For cast -in -place concrete foot- %%1k 4 p ings, if the footing surface is uneven, create a level, flat surface by placing a treated board on the footing and mortaring on the first block (or manufactured „•"'.c��9"� pier base), or by placing the first block (or manufactured pier base) on a layer," of premix dry sand mortar. 2. Stack blocks. Stack concrete blocks with their hollow cells aligned vertically. 01 " When piers are constructed of blocks stacked side -by -side, orient each layer to the one (Figure 18) and blocks so that split �.,= at right angles previous plan ®�} a� a caps will be perpendicular to the blocks they rest on and to the I-beam.„ rbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11103/14. Main I -Beam Wood Shins to Fa Gaps Up to 1"Max optonal2(6 Spacer 4x8xl6 Concrete Cap or 2x8x 16 P.T. or Flardmod Cap Typical 8xW6 Concrete Block Typical Fooling f l 3. Cap piers. Place a cap on he load. Use caps the same lenc using split caps on double-sta dimension perpendicular to 1 beam. 4. Install shims. Use shims to I base of the I-beam and the tc (Figure 19). Drive them in tig vertical space. When the spas less than the minimum thickn hardwood dimensional lumbe thick concrete block. For split ber/blocks over each individu I -Beam Shims Man I -Beam and Shins to Fi ,ps Up to 1' Max )tonal (2)2x6 or (1) 202 Spacer 16 Concrete Cap Typical 8x8x1E Concrete Block to M [Ical FcSg _- Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 )w block piers to evenly distribute the structural 1 and width as the piers they rest upon. When iced block piers, install the caps with the long joint in the blocks below and to the main I- ' el the home and fill any gaps between the of the pier cap. Always use shims in pairs tly so they do not occupy more than one inch of to be shimmed is greater than one inch and ss of available caps or concrete blocks, use (two inches maximum thickness) or 2" or 4" ;aps, install shims and dimensional lum- cap. 5. Set up level. Set up a water level with the fluid level at the desired height of the main piers. Carefully lower the side of the section down onto the leveled piers, adjusting the final height with shims. !A water level is a standard ,consists of the following cc • One container (five ga 150 feet of 1/2 inch di: vice for leveling the home. The level ) bucket or one gallon jug). ;ter plastic tubing. r Homes, inc. Figure 18. Frame pier con- struction a � rode: vo. /l. Curing time of mortar. Where wet mortar is used to construct or level piers, al- low it to cure to at least 80% of strength capacity (usually requiring 96 hours) before setting the home. Figure 19. Correct shim placement Dimensions of masonry perimeter walls. If using a masonry perimeter enclosure, calculate pier heights so that the enclo- sure can be built using stan- dard unit dimensions (with- out cutting). i z/ Level the home. The home is adequately leveled if there is 33 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. R 7 8 34 Fittings for container to tubing. Valve for terminal end of tubing. Liquid for system: colored water in warm climates, windshield washing fluid in cold climates. HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 no more than 1/4 inch differ- ence between adjacent pier supports (frame or perime- ter) and the exterior doors and windows of the home do not bind and can be properly operated. Water level operation. To operate the water level properly, both ends of the system must be open to the atmosphere and there must be approximately the same amount of fluid in the tubing at all times (within a few inches). How to use a water level ;a. Position level. Position the level such that it can reach all piers. ,b. Place container. Place the container so that the fluid in the con- " tainer is at the same level as the desired level of the top of the supports under the home, allowing for any bracing below the level of the 1-beams. c. Uncoil tubing. Uncoil the tubing and fill with fluid, taking care not to introduce bubbles into the hose. Never allow anything to crimp or crush the tubing so as to impede the free flow of fluid. d. Bleed air. Hold the valve below the level of the water container; open the valve to bleed out any air and close the valve. �e. Establish height. Locate the tubing adjacent to a pier that is set to the desired final height. Position the valve above the pier and open the valve. Move the water container up or down to where the water level is at the desired final height of the pier. Maintain the water container in that position and close the valve. ; :f. Level piers. Move the tubing to the next pier. Hold the valve above the pier and open it. Set the pier height to the level of the water in the tubing and close the valve. Repeat this step until all __,piers are at the same - level. ._ Complete the opposite side. Jack the other side of the section up and install piers following the instructions above. At the completion of this step, the sec- tion should be level from front to rear and from side to side. Install perimeter and marriage line piers. Install perimeter piers and for multi -section homes, marriage line piers. Position marriage line piers to pro- vide equal bearing for both mating sections. Remove running gear. Remove and store, recycle or properly dispose of the hitch, axles, and wheels. These items are the property of the homeowner unless other contractual arrangements have been made. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. HUD MHCSS Complete Mult-Sectlon Set lo'Zo'og This chapter covers the preparation and inptallation of additional home sections, including the structural connections be- tween units, raising and fastening hinged roofs, and fastening the home to a load -bearing perimeter wall foundation. V STEP 1. INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE ANCHORS (p. 35) STEP 2. REMOVE PROTECTIVE SHIPPING MATERIALS (p. 35) S STEP 3. COMPLETE HINGED ROOF (p. 35) STEP 4. REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE GASKET (p. 35) I ® STEP 5. POSITION ADDITIONAL HOME SECTIONS (p. 36) STEP 6. CONNECT FLOORS (p. 37) STEP 7. CONNECT ROOF (p. 38). STEP 8. CONNECT WALLS (pi, 40) STEP 9. ATTACH TAG UNITS (p. 41) STEP 10. REMOVE TEMPOR , RY ITEMS (p. 42) STEP 11. FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION (p. 42) ® STEP 12. BACKFILL AND GRADE (p. 42) STEP 13. BUILD STAIRS (p. STEP 1. INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE ANCHORS If the home is in Wind Zone II or III, install ground anchors along the marriage line now; /stall , // before mating sections are joined see InStabilizing System (p. 60). After install- ing marriage line anchors return to this boint in Complete Multi -Section Set. Position roof jacks. Posi- STEP 2. REMOVE PROTECTIVE SHIPPING MATERIALS tion jacks vertically to pre - vent the jack foot from kick - Remove all shipping protection and associated fasteners from both home sections to ing out or sliding. be joined, including plastic used to close up the open sides during transportation. Do Caution during roof rais- not remove the temporary supports holiding up the ceilings at major openings. ing. Do not enter the roof 1 cavity during the raising STEP 3. COMPLETE HINGED ROOF procedure. If the home has a hinged roof that has been folded down for shipping, raise the roof us- Checklists for alternate ing a crane or roof jacks following the procedure below. Note: Due to the variety of construction. If the serial hinged roof designs Palm Harbor Homes Inc. includes model specific instructions with number (see the data plate or the chassis front cross member) has the letters "AC before or after it, then each home that includes a hinged roof design including fastening and special installa- tion instructions ALWAYS refer to thel model specific instructions for connections. 1. Position lift points. Position the roof lift points Qacks or crane lift points) fol- lowing the jack manufacturer) or crane operator instructions. Space roof lift the Alternate Construction points equally along the length of the roof with no more than five feet from the end of the roof to the first or last lift points. Use three lift points for a roof up to wsite check list supplied with the home must be it 48 feet long (excluding overhangs), four lift points for up to 60 feet, and five lift completed and returned to points for up to 72 feet. p the home manufacturer in a timely manner. If the AC 2. Remove fasteners. Remove any temporary fasteners connecting the hinged checklist relates to the roof, Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. I I I PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 1 35 ® HUD MH( portion of the roof to the vertical king posts. 10/20/08 3. Lift roof. Raise the roof to its intended height. A temporary slight overexten- sion may be required during lifting. However, take care not to overextend the roof and damage the hinge. Raise the roof evenly in small increments, keep- ing it level throughout the entire process to prevent racking. Do not allow roof- ing paper and shingles to get caught in the hinge crease. 4. Secure king posts. Position the hinged king posts (may be a knee wall) atop the fixed king posts or against the wooden stop. The king posts are either hinged to the underside of the hinged -truss top chord or shipped loose as a knee wall stored in the roof cavity. Position them as needed to level the roof, aligning each king post with the king post directly beneath it, and securing it in place, following the model specific instructions as applicable. 5. Unfold double hinge. If the roof has a double hinge top chord, unfold and secure the second hinge per the model specific instructions. 6. Fasten sheathing. Fasten sheathing from the upper portion of the roof to the lower fixed portion of the roof just below hinges per the model specific instruc- tions as applicable. 7. Redistribute Insulation. Before closing up the attic space check that the in- sulation has not shifted. Re -level the insulation if needed. 8. Install gable walls. Assembled frames or wall studs and sheathing needed for the site assembly of the gable end walls and interior shear wall knee walls (if present) may be provided. Install the gable end walls for each home section per the model specific instructions. 9. Install vents. Extend plumbing vents, exhaust fans, appliance vents, and fire- place stacks through the hinged portion of the roof in strict accordance with this manual (Prepare Appliances and Equipment, p. 84) and/or supplemen- tal instructions provided by the home manufacturer. STEP 4. REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE GASKET A continuous, non -porous gasket creating a permanent air barrier must be installed on at least one side of the marriage line; along the floor, end walls and ceiling (and mar- riage lines for any tag units). The manufacturer has provided a marriage line gasket ei- ther installed on the home or shipped loose. If installed, inspect the gasket and repair any gaps or tears. If not installed at the factory, install a continuous gasket between the home sections along the floor, end walls, and ceiling. STEP 5. POSITION ADDITIONAL HOME SECTIONS Follow this procedure to install additional home sections: 1. Remove obstructions. Remove protruding nails and staples or anything else that will keep the home sections from fitting together snugly. If present, cut the temporary ceiling and floor plates at the edges of marriage line openings tak- ing care not to damage ceiling or floor coverings or displace temporary mar- riage line support posts (these supports and the plates will be removed after the home sections have been structurally connected). 2. Complete crossovers. Before moving the two sections together, complete any crossover connections that require access from the open marriage line, including the attic duct connection (if present) and marriage wall interior elec- trical connections (see Connect Crossovers, p.48). 3. Position section. Position the section as closely as possible (ideally within six inches) and line up with the previously set, section. If using a mechanical positioning system or crane, follow the system manufacturer's instructions or the crane operator's directions. 4. Construct piers. With the outside walls of the home aligned, construct the piers for the home section according to the instructions in Set the Home (p. 29) before continuing to the steps below. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 36 then failure to do so may require future disassembly of the roof and further in- spections. ' // Checking through -the -rim - ducts. Ensure that through - the -rim -duct connections are secure and tight after the home sections are to- gether. Mechanical po- sitioning system. For a pier -set home, a mechani- cal positioning system (such as a roller system) will make the process eas- ier and safer and be less likely to damage the home. i , // Sealing gaps. Prior to com- pletion of the exterior close- up, gaps that do not exceed PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 5. Level section. Lower the sectionlonto the outside piers first, inside piers last. Before releasing the mechanical positioning system, check interior doorways and other openings for misalignments that may cause problems during trim - out. The floors should be flush, level, and tight and the roof section should have little, if any, gap at the top of the marriage line. Use at least two come -a - longs to pull the sections snugly together and use the water level or other lev- eling device to set all piers and sims. 6. Shim gaps. Shim any gaps up to one inch between structural elements with dimensional lumber. If any gaps �xceed one inch, re -position the home to eliminate such gaps. STEP 6. CONNECT FLOORS Make floor structural connections according to one of the methods described below. Method 1: Install toed fasteners through bottom board or floor decking Install fasteners at approximately a 45 degree angle (+/- 5 degrees) from horizontal as shown in Figure 20 using the fastener type, size, and spacing indicated on Table 13. TABLE 13. FLOOR CONNECTION FASTENING SPECIFICATIONS Lag screw with 5/16" x 4-1/2"* I 36 in. 20 in. 16 in. washer Wood screw #10 x 4"* 32 in. 16 in` 16 in * Increase fastener lengths by 3 inches for double rim joists. Stagger fasteners on either side of distance (Figure 21). Spacing From Table Spacing From Table Half Spacing I Lase I Dedd Jost line and offset them by half the spacing FastenerLocaton Marriage Line Half Spacing K Spacing K From Table K Spacing From Table K one inch are permitted be- tween structural elements provided that the gaps are closed before completion of close-up, the home sec- tions are in contact with each other, and the mar- riage gasket provides a proper seal. �A�#OS Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Figure 20. Floor connection through bottom board or floor decking Figure 21. Staggered offset fastening along marriage line 9/22/08 1 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 37 FS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. • n Wind Zones II and III, fasten metal straps of minimum 26 gauge, 1-1/2" wide galvanized steel spaced per Table 14 and fastened per Table 15 to the un- derside of the floor joists (Figure 22). Select a strap length sufficient to hold the required fasteners. Straps are not required in Wind Zone I. TABLE 14 MAXIMUM STRAP SPACING Roof slope Wind Zone 11 Wind Zone III Up to 4-in-12 96 in. 80 in. Over 4-in-12 48 in. 48 in., TABLE 15. STRAP FASTENING MINIMUM SPECIFICATIONS Fastener type Size Number Galvanized staples 16ga 7/16" x 1" penetration 12 each side " Roofing nails 1-1/2" long r 1 9 each side Floor I I Joist See Chart _ I For Spacing Metal Strap I I Marriage Line STEP 7. CONNECT ROOF If the marriage line along the roof is not snug, position jacks every 20 feet or less along the outside I-beam and uniformly lift the section until the roof area is tight. Check to make sure the ceiling joint is flush before installing the connections. If not, use a jack and tee to raise whichever ceiling is low, starting at the front and working to the rear of the home. Fasten the roof along the marriage line using one of the methods below for either double or triple -section homes. DOUBLE -SECTION HOMES Method 1: Install toed fasteners through roof sheathing Install the fasteners through the roof deck into the ridge beams at an approximately 45 degree angle (+/- 5 degrees) from horizontal (Figure 23) according to the fastener spacing and specifications in Table 16. Stagger fasteners on each side of marriage line and offset them by half the spacing distance (Figure 21). Spacing indicated is on - center, both sides of ridge. Make sure fasteners penetrate the ridge beam/rail by a minimum of 1-1/2 inches both sides of ridge. i Fasteners Roof Approx. Sheathing 45�1 Ridge Beam TABLE 16. ROOF CONNECTIONS SPECIFICATIONS' Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 38 ® HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Patch bottom board. Use adhesive spray, mastic, and/or diver- gent staples in combination with bottom board tape for a more secure and durable connection. Figure 22. Metal strapping for Wind Zones 11 and M V&FAZIZA Closing the roof gap. Level and fasten the marriage line joint at the floor before jacking to tighten a roof gap. DO NOT use roof fas- teners to close any gaps. Separation of the ridge beams and trusses may occur. Figure 23. Toed fasteners through roof sheathing PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Lag screw with 5/16" x 6" 28 in. 20 in. 12 in. washer Wood screw #10 x 5' 24 in., 12 in. - 12 in. In Wind Zones II and III install either a metal cap or straps as follows: Caps • Select metal caps made of minimum 8" x 30 ga galvanized steel or 0.019" aluminum. • Install caps continuously, overlapping by minimum of four inches at splices. • Fasten caps with 1" x 1" x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12 ga 1-1/4" long x 3/8" diameter head roof nails or #8 z 1-1/4" sheet metal screws at two inches o.c. both sides of ridge. Factory -Installed Underlayment Center Section (Optional) Plan TABLE 17. ROOF CONNECTION Factory -Installed Shingles Field -Installed Shingles Factory -Installed Shingles Asphalt Roofing Cement Between Layers of U nderl ayment Min 6" Wide f_'� �Nr, Line ECIFICATIONS Lag screw 5/16" x 6" j 141n. 10in. 61n. Wood screw 1#10 x 5" 12in. 6in. 6in. i8 conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 i // Installing lags. If lags are used to connect roofs, use appropriately sized wash- ers, countersink the fas- tener heads and fill the countersink holes with putty or caulk to prevent shingles from sinking into the holes over time. When to use metal straps. If a ridge vent will be in- stalled, use straps instead of a continuous cap. Figure 24.Trip/e-section roof connection Method 1 Figure 25.Trip/e-section home 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 39 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 40 Method 2: Install fasteners with ship loose sheathing For homes where sheathing is shipped loose to be installed on site (Figure 26) fasten field -installed sheathing to all underlying blocking and framing with 15 ga 7/16" x 1-1/2" staples at four inches o.c. in field and perimeter. Factory -Installed Shingles Field -Instated Shingles Factory -Installed Sheathing Factory -Installed Nailer Field -Installed Underlayment Asphalt Roofing cement Between Layers of Underlayment Min. 6" Wide. Factory -Installed Shingles STEP 8. CONNECT WALLS Once the home is secured along the marriage line floor and roof, secure end walls, in- terior doorways, and marriage line partitions according to the appropriate method de- scribed below. END WALLS Method 1: Install toed fasteners through sheathing Toe fasteners through sheathing from the exterior at an approximately 45 degree angle (+/- 5 degrees) (Figure 27) according to the fastener specifications and spacing re- quirements in Table 18. Gasket Wall Studs Exterior Siding or Exterior Siding Underlayment Fastener TABLE 18. END WALL FASTENER SPECIFICATIONS TABLE 19. MARRIAGE WALL CONNECTION SPECIFICATIONS Wood screw #8 x 4" 16'in. o.c. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Figure 26.Trip/e-section roof connection Method 2 Figure 27. End wall connec- tion toed through sheathing STEP 9. ATTACH TAG UNITS After the main unit has been set on its foundation, install all tag units according to the following procedure: 1. Position and block the tag. Position the tag unit as close to the main unit as possible at its intended location. Use a hitch jack to obtain approximate level- ing and install pier supports according to Set the Home, STEP 2. POSITION HOME SECTION (p. 29). Determine whether the tag and main unit floors are designed to line up flush or arel offset by a step and adjust the tag pier heights accordingly. 1 2. Level the unit. Using a water level (p.33), verify that the piers are level. The elevation of all points along the lower flange of the I-beam should be no more than 3/8 inches from the desired height and should not deviate more than 3/4 inches overall. 3. Connect floors. If the floor of the tag unit is level with main unit floor, connect the floors together as described in STEP 5. CONNECT FLOORS (p. 36). If the floors are offset, use the connection detail shown in Figure 28, fastening the angle iron to the tag unit with minimum 5/16" x 3" lag screws or #8 x 3" wood screws. Match fastener spacing and quantity to that used for the con- nection of the angle iron to the main unit. 4. Connect walls. Secure the tag unit walls to the main unit sidewall using #8 x 4" screws at 12 inches o.c. (see Figure 29). The sheathing shown in the detail may not be included by the manufacturer. If included, the sheathing over the last stud bay was tacked in place at the factory for easy removal at the site. Once the wall connections are complete, re -install the sheathing and complete the siding installation. Tag Unit Floor Main Unit Floor i Angle Iron 5. Connect roofs. Connect the tag unit roof to the main unit roof using #10 x 5" screws or 3/8" x 6" lag screws, toe screwed at each main unit vertical struc- tural member (stud or truss) location. See Figure 30 for flush roof connections and Figure 31 for roof connections with an offset greater than two inches. Roof connections with an offset less than two inches do not require screws. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PF�#05 Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 i si Piers under tag units. Some tag units have spe- cial piering needs due to the roof and/or floor con- struction. These will be de- tailed in supplemental pier- ing plans supplied with the home. Note that tag unit end walls are typically load bearing rather than side walls. Figure 28. Tag unit offset floor connection Figure 29. Tag unit wall connection 41 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. SNrgle Undalayment Instal Flashhg Flat Ova Joid 6 to 10/20/08 Figure 30. Tag unit flush roof connection Fastener Lir-F.d. Figure 31. Tag unit offset Roof Docking roof connection Main lhi SNrg�.s Tag Und Main Unit —� ---- Metal C.. x (a Top Course of 'Vinyl Siding) Roof 4cktg Tag l nd Fasterer ::...... �.. ��.. ............. ... �� �— \= STEP 10. REMOVE TEMPORARY ITEMS Once the home is properly supported and the marriage line connections are completed remove the temporary ridge beam supports and wall/ceiling plates used to brace the ridge beam during shipment. Take care not to damage the ceiling. Remove and store or properly dispose of or recycle the hitch, axles, and wheels. These items are the property of the homeowner unless other contractual arrangements have been made. STEP 11. FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION Fasten the home to the foundation (typically to the sill plate) according to the fastening schedule provided by the manufacturer. STEP 12. EACKFILL AND GRADE Backfill against the foundation wall to the height of the waterproofing, taking care to not damage the drainage system. Grade the site as described in Prepare the Site, STEP 3. CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE (p.13). STEP 13. BUILD STAIRS Construct the basement stairs in compliance with the local building code. Take care that adequate headroom is maintained under beams and that there is sufficient landing space at the bottom of the stairs. 42 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. V&F*JWZz When to backfill. Backfill against basement walls only after the home is con- nected to the foundation or the basement walls may deflect inward or collapse. Cutting the chassis. Do not cut, notch, bend, or alter in any manner beams, cross - members, and other parts of the steel chassis. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. is to 1 10/20/08 Complete Roof and Exterior Walls This chapter covers closing up and weatherproofing p the home by completing the roofing and siding. STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF (p. T STEP 2. COMPLETE TAG UNIT ROOF (p. 45) ® STEP 3. COMPLETE SIDE WALLS (p. 45) STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF RIDGE CLOSEUP For multi -section homes, the first step in completing the exterior is sealing the roof along the ridge line (Figure 32). For homes with asphalt shingles, follow the procedure below. For homes with metal or other rooing materials, follow the instructions that come with the roofing materials or provided as a supplement to this manual. �I 1 1. Install underlayment (when sure the roof sheathing is alre STEP 6. CONNECT ROOF, p along the length of the ridge, ( sheathing joints by at least fivi ga galvanized staples. For Wii strip of roofing cement along e 2. Install shingles. If shingles h tion, install them now using 1" long, 3/8" diameter head roof each tab cutout slot and one e edge (four fasteners for a thre and III, use two fasteners 5/8 and one at each end of the sh a three -tab shingle). Do not fa 36"Shingle x x x Fastener Locations Shingle Metal (Wind Zone 2 & 3 Only) Factory Installed Shingles L Factory Installed Shingles Underlaymenl Roof Deck ieathing at the ridge is installed on site). Make dy installed (see Complete Multi -Section Set, 37). Install 15# felt or equivalent continuously veering all exposed sheathing and overlapping inches on each side. Fasten using 1" x 1" x 16 d Zones II and III, also apply a six inch wide ich side of ridge under the underlayment. ve been left off at the ridge line for site installa- ( 1" x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12ga 1-1/4" ails. For Wind Zone I, fasten at 5/8 inch above each end of the shingle one inch in from the -tab shingle) (Figure 33). For Wind Zones II Ich above and on either side of the tab slots igle one inch in from the edge (six fasteners for ten through the shingle tar line. Figure 32. Shingle installa- tion at ridge Weatherproofing. It is vitally important to close up the home quickly to protect the interior from damage due to inclement weather. Removing shipping protec- tion. Remove shipping pro- tection from the roof prior to completing roofing. l36"Shingle -� Figure 33.Shingle fastener - locations for Wind Zone I (left) and Wind Zones 11 and ,. x x x- . x x • x 12" III (right). J_ 3. Install underlayment. Installl 15# felt or equivalent underlayment that is at least 10 inches wide continuously along the ridge. Fasten with 1" x 1" x 16 ga galvanized staples. For Windl Zones II and III, also apply a six inch wide strip Inc. 43 certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 44 0 is to of roofing cement on both sides of the ridge under the underlayment. , 4. Install shingle cap. Starting at the opposite end of the home from the prevail- ing wind, install ridge cap shingles provided by the manufacturer or use 12" x 12" shingles (36" shingles cut into three equal pieces) (Figure 34). Install us- Installing a ridge vent. If a ing 1" x 1" x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12 ga 1-1/4" long, 3/8" diameter head ridge vent is to be installed, roofing nails spaced 5-5/8 inches from bottom edge and 1/2 inch to 1-1/2 follow the ridge vent manu- inches in from both edges. Cover the exposed fasteners with tar or cement. facturer's instructions pro- vided with the material or as an addendum to this manual in lieu of underlay- ment over ridge line and shingle cap. Cut shingle into three pieces Figure 34. Shingle cut into as shown by dotted line thirds 1 1 1�2�3 HINGE ROOF CLOSE-UP For homes with hinged roofs, complete roofing underlayment and shingles along the hinge line (Figure 35) as follows: 1. Install underlayment. Attach the underlayment to the roof deck with a mini- mum of six-inch wide strip of cement. If necessary, trim the underlayment to allow the lowest shingle above the hinge of the roof to seal to the topmost shingle on the lower portion of the roof. Figure 35. Shingle installa- tion at hinge line Site Install Shingles In Hinged Area Per , The Instructions On The Shingle Package Shipped Loose With The Home. �5e After Roof Is In The Raised Positron, Trim The Shingle UnderlaymentTo Installing metal _ / Allow The Shingle Of The Upper flashing. Install optional Roof Section To Seal Onto The Last Shingle Of The Lower Roof Section. metal flashing over the roof decking before applying Hinge roofing cement. Fold back the underlayment and fas- ten 30 ga x 6" wide mini - underlayment �� Asphalt Roofing Cement mum galvanized metal with roofing nails or 16 ga x V Between Layersof . UnderlaymentMinumum crown staples of sufficient 6" Wide length to penetrate the roof 2. Install shingles. Install missing shingles according to the shingle manufac- sheathing. Space fasteners turer's instructions. four inches o.c. or less near the edge of the metal. COMPLETE TRIPLE -SECTION ROOFS Overlap the metal by at Complete roofing along triple -section home marriage lines according to one of the fol- least two inches at joints. lowing methods based on the construction of the home. Method 1: Dual ridge beams 1. Install underlayment. Fold down the underlayment of the outer section roof and apply a minimum six-inch wide strip of roofing cement to the sheathing. Lay the underlayment of the center section on top of the cement (see Best Practice tip for optional metal flashing). Fold down the center section roof un- derlayment on this cement. 2. Install shingles. Install missing row(s) of shingles, securing them per the shingle manufacturer's installation instructions (refer to the shingle wrapper). Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 0 HUD MHCSS ioizaos Figure 36. Triple -section Center Section OuterlSection roof connection Method 1 Factory -Installed *�Underlayment� Factory -Installed Shingles Shingles Shingles Asphalt Roofing Cement Between Layers of Underlayment Min6"Wide � _*14� N, 1--Metal (Optional) t--Fastener Method 2: Field -installed sheathing 1. Install underlayment. Fold dolwn the underlayment of the outer section roof and fold up the underlayment on the center section roof. Apply to the lower roof underlayment a minimum 'six-inch wide strip of roofing cement centered on the sheathing joint. Cover with the shipped loose underlayment. Apply an- other minimum six-inch wide strip of roofing cement to the ship loose under- layment centered on the uppe� roof sheathing joint. 2. Install shingles. Install missing row(s) of shingles per the shingle manufac- turer's installation instructions (refer to the shingle wrapper). Figure 37. Triple -section Factory-InstaDed roof connection Method 2 Shingles Field -Installed Field -Installed Underlayment Shingles Field -Installed Asphalt Roofing Cement i Sheathing Between Layers of Underlayment Min. 6" Wide. Factory -Installed Facted o Shingles Underla nderla ymm ent Factory -Installed Sheathing Factory -Installed Nailer STEP 2. COMPLETE TAG PNIT ROOF If the home has a tag unit, complete goofing for this unit now. The process for complet- ing the roof is different for flush and offset roofs. Follow the instructions in the appropri- ate section below. FLUSH ROOFS For flush roofs, complete roofing CUU111Y the marriage line and at the valley line as fol- lows (see Figure 38): 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 45 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 46 HUD MHCSS Shingle Underlayment 10/20/08 Figure 38. Tag unit flush Instal Flashing Flat roof connection , Over Joint Fastener Tag Unit 1 11 1 Main Unit Marriage line Method 1: Install metal flashing (minimum 30 ga x minimum 6" wide) over the joint between the main roof dormer and tag unit roof. Secure the flashing to the roof decks on both dormer and tag unit roofs with roofing nails or 16 ga staples with a one inch crown and long enough to fully penetrate the roof decks. Space fasteners maximum two inches o.c. near the edge of the flashing. Overlap seams in the metal by at least two inches. After flashing is complete, install shingles per shingle manufacturer instructions and ridge cap/vent according to STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF (p. 43). Method 2: Install two layers of roofing underlayment or equivalent over the joint between the main roof dormer and tag unit roof lapping the factory installed under- layment a minimum of six inches on each side and fully cemented at the laps. In- stall shingles per shingle manufacturer instructions and ridge cap/vent according to STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF (p. 43). Valley line Along the bottom of the valley, shingles and one or more layers of roll roofing may need to be installed. If fastened to the roof at the factory, unroll the roofing, overlap the tag roof and trim the roofing to the roof edge. If shipped loose, install the roll roofing at the valley, lapping it under the factory installed roll roofing a minimum of 12 inches and fully cement the roofing at the lap. Complete shingles at the valley either by interweav- ing them or by trimming back approximately four inches from the valley line and fully cementing the exposed shingle edges. OFFSET ROOFS If there is a gap between the main unit dormer overhang and the tag unit roof of less than two inches, fold up the main unit dormer fascia, slide the underlayment and flash- ing from the tag unit roof behind the fascia, and bend the fascia back down and secure into sub -fascia with metal screws (Figure 39). r Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 10/20/08 Main Unit Roof (Shingles Not Factory-Intalled Flashing Shawn on Main Unitfor Clarity) —Drip Edge Undedayment Carded Up Into Donner Sub -Fascia Fascia Fascia Main Unit Factory-Inst Deny Flashing Shingles Distance Between Main Unit I Dormer and Tag Unit Roof May J Underlay ment Doer Rolled Vary (Min. a'to Max of 21 Roofing Carried Up ha Tag Unit Dormer SutoFascia Min,, Roof Tag Unit Truss Main Unit Dormer Truss If the gap between the main unit dormer overhang and the tag unit roof is two inches or more, bend up the inside corner trim at the dormer overhang and main unit sidewall, fold up the factory installed flashing on the tag unit roof, fold the inside corner trim back down, and secure into dormer wall with metal screws (Figure 41). Roof Decking —J Main Unit - Shmg Metal Flashing (Or Top Course Roof Decking Of Unyl =ding) Tag Unit Fastener STEP 3. COMPLETE SIDE Siding necessary to complete the exte siding manufacturer's instructions (fou to this manual) and to complete the er 1. Remove shipping protectic walls. 2. Complete crossovers. Com cluding: electrical, stereo spe 3. Install siding. Fasten siding that are present in the walls. 4. Install close-up of strips. If factory, fasten close-up strip,, with a waterproof sealant. 5. Install trim. Install any matcl 6. Seal penetrations. With a w siding that may have been cl or has been provided with the home. Follow the 1 on or with the packaging or as an addendum ;rior siding as follows: . Remove temporary shipping protection from h any crossover connections in the walls, in - doorbell, telephone, and intercom wires. at stud locations, avoiding electrical wires ;!ding has been installed on the end walls at the securely along both edges and seal the edges ing trim required to complete the installation. Iterproof sealant, seal any penetrations in the used by temporary shipping protection. r Homes, Inc. I I i PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Figure 39. Tag unit roofing connection with less than two inch height difference Figure 40. Tag unit offset roof connection V&OPZFZA Covering the HUD label. Do not cover the HUD label on the exterior of the home. Removing shipping protec- tion. Remove temporary shipping protection from walls before installing sid- ing or serious moisture damage may result. 47 48 Connect Crossovers This chapter covers crossover connections between units of multi -section homes, including ducts and electrical, water, waste, gas, telephone, and cable TV connections. ® STEP 1. CONNECT DUCTS (p. 52) ® STEP 2. CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS (p. 54) STEP 3. INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING (p. 57) ® STEP 4. CONNECT WATER LINES (p. 57) STEP 5. CONNECT DRAIN, WASTE, AND VENT LINES.,(p.,58) s STEP 6. CONNECT GAS LINES (p. 60) ® STEP 7. CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING (p. 61) STEP 1. CONNECT DUCTS There are three main types of duct crossover connections. Based on the location of the duct, follow the installation steps on the page indicated below: • Under the floor (p. 52). • In the roof cavity (p. 54). • In floor, through -the -rim joist (p. 54) To prevent air leakage, seal all ductwork connections, including duct collars using one or more of the following materials: • Galvanized metal straps in combination with galvanized sheet metal screws. • For rigid air ducts and connectors, tape and mastics listed to UL 181A. • For flexible air ducts and connectors, tape and mastics listed to UL 181 B. UNDER FLOOR FLEXIBLE CROSSOVER DUCT When heating or cooling equipment is installed in the home, the flexible crossover duct is provided by the manufacturer. In all cases the crossover duct must be listed for exte- rior use and have a minimum of R-8 of Insulation. There are four common configurations of under floor crossover ducts depending on the number of home sections and the furnace/air handler location. See Table 20 to locate the appropriate figure. TABLE 20. UNDER FLOOR DUCT CONFIGURATIONS . Furnace location Two home seciions 'Three home sections Furnace over trunk duct See Figure 41 See Figure 43 Furnace offset from trunk duct, See Fi ure 42�� 9 ,See Figure 44 Palm Harbor Homes. i si Qualified personnel. Use only qualified personnel to make crossover connec- tions. Consult the LAHJ for licensing or any additional crossover connection re- quirements. Access for service. When- ever possible maintain ac- cess to connection areas for future maintenance. Make tight connections. Permanent, durable, and tight crossover duct con- nections are critical to the proper performance of the home. Leaky ducts can re- sult in severe moisture problems in the home, dis- comfort from rooms not re- ceiving the proper amount of conditioned air, and high utility bills from wasted heating and/or cooling en- ergy. IFS#°2 conforms to HUD MHCSS 1113114 41 �7� PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. A Section Heat Duct — Tap -Out Collar — Field -Installed Flex Duct A Section Heat Dud — Tap -Out Collar Field -Installed Flex Dud conforms to HUM isz 7/30/10 Furnace I Air Handler B Section Floor Flex Dud Support Straps Furnace /Air Ha® B Section Floor Flex Duct SupportStraps "V"-Box Under Furnace For under floor flexible crossover ducts follow the steps below: 1. Locate collars. Locate the metal crossover collars (or V-box) connected to the main trunk duct (or furnacle) under the home and remove temporary ship- ping protection. 2. Install inner duct. Slide the crossover duct inner liner over the crossover col- IarN-box as far as it will go. temporarily fasten the inner liner in place with duct tape. Install a large nylon zip -tie over the inner liner just above the "ridge" around the crossover collarN-box. Apply mastic completely over inner liner and collarN-box (alternately, the mastic may be applied to the collarN-box prior to sliding the duct inner liner over it). 3. Connect duct insulation. Bring the duct insulation up over the zip -tie and above the home's bottom board into the floor cavity. Temporarily duct tape it against the base of the trunk Iduct/V-box. 4. Pull duct wrap. Pull the crossover duct outer wrap over the top of the insula- tion and temporarily secure it to the trunk duct/V-box with duct tape. 5. Install zip -tie. Feel for the nylon zip -tie that was installed over the inner liner. Place another nylon zip -tie just under the first one to permanently secure the crossover duct insulation and outer wrap. 6. Trim duct. Trim the crossovier duct to length such that the installed duct will be straight with no kinks or unnecessary bends. 7. Connect other end. Follow the same procedure (steps 1 through 5) to con- nect the opposite end of the crossover duct and any other crossover ducts. 8. Seal joints. Seal the joints between the bottom board and the crossover duct with foam or mastic. 9. Support duct. Support the crossover duct(s) above the ground using nylon or galvanized metal straps and saddles spaced every 48 inches o.c. or less. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. I i IPFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Figure 41. Furnace over trunk duct, two home sec- tions Figure 42. Furnace offset from trunk duct, two home sections Figure 43. Furnace over trunk duct three home sec- tions Figure 44. Furnace offset from trunk duct, three home sections Securing the crossover. Between Step 5 and Step 6, drill three or more 1/16 inch holes an equal distance around and just below the bottom edge of the nylon zip -tie. Install #12 pan head screws in these holes, through the flexible duct and into the metal crossover collarN- box. The screw heads should be against the zip - tie. V&4FZr1Z Cover exposed metal. Completely cover all ex- posed metal connectors with insulation. Apply seal- ants and tapes only to sur- faces that are dry and free 49 50 • conforms to HUD MHCSs 10/20/08 Choose straps at least 1/2 inch wider than the spacing of the metal spirals en- Avoid ground contact. In- casing the crossover duct. Install the straps so they cannot slip between spi- stalled crossover ducts , rals. Secure metal straps with galvanized screws. must not be in contact with the ground. ROOF CAVITY CROSSOVER DUCT For ducts installed in the roof cavity, follow the steps below: Unobstructed airflow. Ex- cess length, kinks and 1. Access duct. Access the crossover location through an access panel in the bends in the crossover duct roof and remove any temporary shipping protection. will restrict airflow and de- r. Join ducts. Using the provided flexible duct, join the distribution boxes in grade the home's HVAC each section of the home as shown in Figure 45, cutting off any extra duct system performance. length to keep the duct as straight as possible. The duct is connected to one side of the home. 3. Fasten ducts. At each connection point between ducts and between ducts and distribution boxes or connectors, secure the inner duct liner with a nylon strap, apply mastic completely over the connection area, pull the duct insula- tion and outer liner over the connection area, and secure them with a second nylon strap. 4. Reinstall panel. Reinstall and secure the access panel. Install underlayment and shigles as necessary. Flax Dud Figure 45. Duct crossover Dis"ibutbn Box is"idfion Box located in the roof cavity 0 CelOng STEP 2. CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS Multi -section homes may have one or more electrical crossovers located in the wall(s) and/or floor(s) the line(s). along marriage JOINING WIRES Use qualified electricians. Two types of connections may be present at these locations —snap connectors and All electrical work must be junction boxes. Identify matching circuits if multiple circuits exist at a single crossover performed by a qualified location. These will be coded for identification. Connect snap connectors according to electrician and comply with the connector manufacturer's installation instructions, including fastener requirements. the 2005 NEC. Connect wires in junction boxes as follows (Figure 46): Disconnect power. Turn off Pull wires. Pull circuit wires into the junction box, sliding them through a romex con- power to the home before making connections. nector and secure snugly. (Figure 46) Do not over -tighten. Proper use of GFCI cir- 1. Strip wires. Remove the outer jacket that holds the circuit wires together pro- cuits. Ensure Ground Fault viding a minimum of four inches of free wire in the box. Circuit Interrupted (GFCI) 2. Connect wires. Connect wires together matching like colors, using appropri- circuits are connected to ately sized wire nuts. Use the ground wire to ground the junction box and/or the proper GFCI protected cover plate(s), if metal. Junction boxes may contain single or multiple 15 or circuits from the power 20-amp circuits, or a single 240-volt appliance circuit. supply. 3. Replace cover. Reposition the junction box cover and secure using machine (not sheet metal) screws. Figure 46. Types of junction box wiring connections Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Single 15 or20 AMP Circut i FLOOR CROSSOVER When making electrical connection(s) in scribed below: HUD MHCSS In/20/08 Appoved Connects Double 15 or 20 AMP Circuits floor, use one of the wiring options de - Method 1: Access panel i 1. Access wires. Find the crossover location(s) and remove the access panel(s) if attached. If access panel openings are not provided, cut through bottom board to expose the wiring (Figure 47). 2. Route wires. Pass the wires thIrough predrilled holes or notches in the rim joist or if there is a single bumped -out access panel as in Figure 48, then un- der the rim joists. If holes or notches have not been provided and there is no bumped -out access panel, drill maximum one -inch diameter hole(s) half -way up the rim joists on each home) section, making sure the holes align and feed the wire through the hole. 3. Connect wires. Connect wires via a junction box or snap-connector(s) as de- scribed above. 4. Secure wires. Secure wires wIith staples to adjacent joists or studs within eight inches of junction box or snap-connector(s). 5. Install smash plates. For notched perimeter joists, install steel wire protec- tors (smash plates). 6. Seal bottom board. Replace Insulation and re -install access panels and/or seal the bottom board with tape specially made for that purpose (may be pro- vided). The access panel(s) gay be temporarily installed near the crossover location or shipped loose with home. Junction Box or Snap -Connector Hole Through Rim Joist Joists Are Notched, Steel Protectors May e Provided With the Flome *as Panel May Provided Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. Red d Lug Metal Box es Only) 240V Appliance Qrcut Using snap connectors. Do not use oversized nails or drive nail heads into snap connectors. Some connec- tors are designed for one- time use only — a new con- nector must be used if they become separated. Protect cables. Cover all cables with conduit or other suitable weather -resistant and protective material. Figure 47. Electrical cross- over floor wires with flush access panels 51 FS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. C 52 10/20/08 Box or Snap Connector Protective Cover (If Not Provided, Patch Bottom Board.) Method 2: Junction box with conduit to 1. Access boxes. If junction boxes are not exposed, access them inside the floor by cutting the bottom board or by removing the access panel(s). Remove the junction box covers. 2. Connect wires. If wire is coiled inside one junction box, insert it into provided flexible conduit and pass it under the rim joists to the opposing box and make the connection as described above. If no coiled wire is provided, install pro- vided ship -loose conduit with wire making connections in both boxes (Figure 49). 3. Cover boxes. Replace and secure covers on junction boxes. 4. Seal floor. Replace any displaced insulation and replace access panel or seal the bottom board with tape specially made for that purpose (may be provided). Variation to Method 2: A junction box may be installed only on one side with the other side containing conduit behind an access panel. Bring the conduit to other side and make one connection in the junction box. .Gasket Junction Box (May Be Under or Alongside Floor Joist Wire For Crossover ay Be Coiled Inside Junction Box flexible Conduit WALL CROSSOVERS Connect electrical, phone, cable television, and stereo speaker wires in marriage walls and/or partition and end walls. If access panels into the marriage walls are not provided, then the connection should have been made prior to bringing the home sections together. If access panels are provided in marriage, end or partition walls, remove the panels, join the wires as described above using the provided snap -connector, junction box, or at a receptacle, and re -attach the access panel (Figure 50 for marriage walls and Figure 51 for partitions and end walls). Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. Figure 48. Floor electrical crossover wires with bumped -out access panel Figure 49. Under the rim joist electrical crossover connection with conduit / A Avoid damaging crossover wires. Carefully fold mar- riage wall crossover wires so they stay within a single bay and are not sand- wiched between studs when the sections are pulled together. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. n HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Connect Wires Figure 50. Inside marriage at Junction Box, wall crossover connection Receptacle, or Snap -Connector r-� Optional Access Panel Figure 51. Inside partition or end wall electrical crossover Endwall Access to Junction Endwall Side'A' Box -Inside Home Side'B' connection _ — — — — I I I Nadory-Installed Wire Protectors II Marriage Line STEP 3. INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING . To ensure all metal parts are effectively grounded, electrically bond all chasses to- gether as follows (Figure 52): 1. Find lugs. Determine if solde less ground lugs are provided on the front or rear frame outriggers or headers. 2. Attach wire. If lugs are provided, uncoil the bonding wire (#8 minimum bare copper wire) from one side of the home and connect it to the lug provided on the opposing side using the p jovided paint penetrating star washer, tighten the set screw firmly on the wire and repeat for any additional home sections. Figure 52. Electrical bonding --Marriage Line of multi -section homes H Rear Outriggerat , L#8'Min. Copper �Soldedess Lug Each 71 J6 Marriage Line Ground Wire Half of Home JL 3. Attach strap. If ground lugs and copper wire are not provided, attach the pro- vided four -inch bonding strap to each pair of adjacent chasses with two #8 x 3/4" self -tapping metal screw) (one screw each side). STEP 4. CONNECT WATER, LINES Connect water lines inside the floor through access panels or below the bottom board as follows: WATER LINES ACCESSED THROUGH PANELS Applying cement. Follow 1. Remove panels. Remove access panels from each home section. cement manufacturers in- 2. Remove caps. Remove shipping caps from ends of water lines. with respect to application and drying time. application . 3. Pull lines. Pull water lines tf'rough holes in rim joist. If holes are not provided, Allow cement to fully cure 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 53 FS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. drill round holes in the center of the rim joist, with a maximum diameter of one third the rim joist depth (Figure 53). 4. Connect pipes. Connect threaded water lines using provided connector fit- tings (do not use lubricants or sealants). Connect non -threaded water lines using provided fittings and cement, inserting pipe to full depth of each fitting (a short connector pipe may be provided to bridge the gap between sections). 5. Test. Test connections for leaks. 6. Seal floor. Securely replace insulation and access panels. / / 1 WATER LINES DROPPED BELOW BOTTOM BOARD 1. Remove caps. Remove protective shipping caps from ends of pipes and make sure pipe ends are clean and smooth. 2. Connect pipes. Connect threaded water lines using flexible pipe or a rigid connector line (if provided) and connector fittings (do not use lubricants or sealants). Connect non -threaded water lines, pipe, and elbows with cement provided, inserting pipe to full depth of each fitting (Figure 54). 3. Test. Test connections for leaks. 4. Protect pipes. Wrap water lines with insulation and bottom board shipped loose with home or otherwise protect to prevent freezing. Tape bottom board using tape specially made for that purpose (may be provided) and staple with 7/16" x 1/2" staples at four inches o.c. around bottom board using a divergent (stitch) stapler or equivalent. If heat tape is used it must be listed for manufac- tured home use and be installed in compliance with manufacturer instructions. !— Marriage Line Supply Side (Side With Water Heater) Receiving Side Direction of Raw j Cap to Be I L Removed on Ste �tJ Protective Cap Water Line and Bbovs Shipped Loose to be Added on Site STEP 5. CONNECT DRAIN, WASTE, AND VENT LINES Complete portions of the drain, waste, and vent (DWV) system that are below the floor as follows: 1. Remove caps. Remove shipping covers from pipes extending through the bottom board; inspect pipes and fittings and clean them of dirt, obstructions, and burrs. 2. Assemble pipes. Using the drain -schematic drawing provided with the home, begin assembling the DWV system starting at the location farthest from the sewer/septic connection and working towards the outlet, fastening the pipe with cement or adjustable screw -clamp connectors, if provided (Figure 55). As the system is assembled, support the piping with temporary blocking. Unless otherwise noted on the schematic diagram, provide a minimum 1/4 54 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. i� Conforms to HUD MHCSS before filling pipes with wa- ter. Figure 53. Waterline cross- over with access panels V&AZZ Choosing cement type. Use the proper cement for water lines as it may differ from the cement used for the DWV system. Figure 54. Waterline cross- over through bottom board V&0Zr1Z Providing required clear- ances. Provide the drain outlet with a minimum clearance of three inches in any direction from all parts of the structure or any ap- purtenances and with not less than 18 inches unre- stricted clearance directly in f�� PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. N6Conforms to HUD MHCS� 10/20/08 inch per foot slope towards the sewer/septic using a plumber's level. Where a slope of 1/4 inch per foot cannot be maintained, use a minimum slope of 1/8 inch per foot and install of a full-size clean -out at the uppermost point of the run (Figure 56). i Cement Coupfng (Provided) to End of Pipes Drain Pipe Fasten Cauplirg (Provided) b Piping With Clamps Cover Double Support Straps Direction of Flow and Slope Direction of Flow and Slope Pipe Dropout SI � front of the drain outlet. Provide any cleanouts with a minimum clearance of 12 inches directly in front of its opening. Figure 55. Drain crossover connection Figure 56.DWV system rain Dropout ust Cover ma Turn BI Lang Turn Tee Wye lean-Out Plug (Subsitute for Bbow Tum FJI and Provide a Full `--Long Turn BI y I Size Clean OutWhen ToSewer/Septic I Required) 3. Test. Conduct a two-part leakage test on the completed drainage system as follows: • Part 1. With all fixtures con, nected, and all tub and shower drains plugged, fill the system with water to the rim of the toilet bowl through a higher fix- ture. Release all trapped air, replace tub and shower plugs, backfill fix- tures, and allow the systenP to stand at least 15 minutes. Check for leaks. _ Drain the system. If leaks are found, repair and retest. • Part 2. Plug all fixtures, si O ks, showers, and tubs and fill with water. Re- lease the water in all fixtures simultaneously to obtain the maximum pos- sible drain piping flow. Aslwater is draining, check for leaks. If any are found, repair and retest. I 4. Connect to outlet. Connect tl)e main drain line to the site sewer/septic hook- up, using an approved elasto I er coupling (Figure 57). Pipe Dust Supports CovE Sanl Tee <S1022 Wye Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. i , Z A Choosing glues. Use only solvents and glues com- patible with the pipe (ABS or PVC). Follow manufac- turer's instructions. 55 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Examples of Connection Pipe and Fittings (Not Supplied by the Manufacturer) Support Strap at a Maximum of 4 Feet on Center Cap and Chain Site Sewer Hook Up Conforms to HUD MHCSS f 0/20/08 5. Install supports. Install permanent drain line supports at a distance of four feet o.c. or less (see Figure 55, Figure 57, and Figure 58). (2) 0.131"Diax3 a Nails 2%3 Lumber �0.131'Diax3 k Nall — Galy. or Alum. Strip — Min. 1x3 Lumber — �( (2) 0.131"Diax3 a a� Nails Into Floor Jdsl (2) a %2"x10GA Staples or(2) 0.131" Diax3 a Nails Each Psd (2) staples or Screws Each Side Min. or Lumber Strip Min.2x3 Lumber Drein Pipe 6. Insulate. Replace all insulation and make sure all potentially exposed portions of the DWV system are well insulated to protect against freezing. STEP 6. CONNECT GAS LINES The gas crossover connection may use quick disconnect fittings or threaded connec- tors. Find the connection location below the floor at the marriage line and gather the connectors (they may be shipped loose if not present under the home). For quick disconnect fittings (Figure 59), remove any dust caps and then with one hand, pull back on the quick disconnect device, snap it over the quick disconnect adap for and release it to complete the connection. For threaded connectors (Figure 60), remove the black cap and nipple (or any other plugs, such as a black iron plug) from both the supply and receiving sides and screw the connector onto the supply and return pipes as necessary. Check for leaks before connecting to gas service (see Connect Utilities, STEP 3. CONNECT GAS SERVICE, p. 81). Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 56 Figure 57. DWV connection , to sewer/septic Figure 58. DWV pipe sup- port options Protect pipes from freez- ing. If the home is to be left unheated in cold weather, pour antifreeze solution into all drain traps, including . sinks, tubs, and toilets. Be sure that the antifreeze is safe for the fixtures and P- traps. Installing quick disconnect fittings. Do not use tools, lubricants, or sealants with quick disconnect fittings. Gas test precautions. Do not connect to gas service until tests described in Connect Utilities have been successfully completed. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Quick -Disconnect Male Fitting Flex Factory Installed Quick -Disconnect Female Fitting — Installed on Inlet Side Male Cap Female Ca� Direction of Gas Flow Shut -Off Valve Installed on Inlet Side Flex Connector Factory Installed Female Cap 77 Or Male Cap I& Direction of Gas Flow Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Figure 59. Gas crossover with quick disconnect fittings Figure 60. Gas crossover with threaded connectors STEP 7. CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING Install telephone and cable television wiring in accordance with the requirements of the LAHJ, the NEC, and NFPA No.70-2005. When making crossover connections or in- stalling telephone or cable television wires, do not run them in the same raceway as, or in close proximity to, high voltage electrical conductors or cables. Wires should only be installed by trained I professionals. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. V-F&**VZIZJ Installing wiring. When in- stalling telephone and ca- ble television wires, do not damage electrical wires, plumbing lines, or ducts. Serious personal injury or death could result from damage to electrical wires. 57 PIS certifies this document is current as of 11 /03/14. 58 Complete the Interior -Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 This chapter covers the completion of the home's interior finishes including finishing walls, ceilings, flooring, trim, and mis- cellaneous items. STEP 1. ALIGN MARRIAGE WALLS (p. 58) V STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BOARD (p. 58) STEP 3. COMPLETE WALL AND CEILING FINISHES (p. 58) STEP 4. COMPLETE CARPET (p. 59) STEP 5. COMPLETE TRIM (p. 59) ® STEP 6. INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS (p. 59) STEP 1. ALIGN MARRIAGE WALLS Align and secure walls at marriage line openings as follows: 1. Align walls. Align walls and clamp in place. 2. Fasten walls. Secure clamped walls together with metal straps or long screws so they do not move when the clamps are removed. Insert wood wedges in gaps between walls, and glue and screw to create a tight connec- tion. 3. Fill gaps. Fill any remaining gaps with wood or sheathing material. STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BOARD Finish all unfinished gypsum board walls and ceilings as follows: 1. Install panels. Install ship loose gypsum panels using a 1/4 inch diameter bead of adhesive on all framing members and minimum 1-1/2 inch long dry- wall screws, nails, or staples at six inches o.c. along panel edges and 12 inches o.c. in the field into framing members. 2. Mud seams. Mud and tape all seams and corners, filling all fastener depres- sions. Follow mud manufacturer's directions. 3. Paint. When the final coat of mud is dry, prime and paint all unfinished gyp- sum board to match existing paint color and finish texture. STEP 3. COMPLETE WALL AND CEILING FINISHES Install interior ship loose wall and/or ceiling panels using a 1/4 inch diameter bead of polyvinyl acetate (PVA) adhesive on all framing members and fasten with minimum 1- m Harbor Homes, Inc. V&*OZIZJ Fastening gypsum. When attaching gypsum board, depress, but do not break the paper face with the fas- tener. Breaking the paper will weaken the connection. Using alternative materials. Obtain the home manufac- turer's approval before us- ing interior finish materials other than those provided with the home. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. to 10/20/08 1/2 inch long staples or nails at six incheslo.c. along panel edges and 12 inches o.c. in the field into framing members. I STEP 4. COMPLETE CARPET Install and seam ship loose or rolled carpet as follows: 1. Prepare floor. Clean the floor of all dirt and debris and smooth the floor deck at the marriage line seams as necessary to ensure a level and smooth sur- face. 2. Lay pad. Lay down the carpet pl d, if provided. 3. Stretch carpet. Ensuring all carpet "grain" runs in the same direction, fit and secure the carpet using a power, carpet stretcher. Stretch the carpet up to the seam and tack it down temporarily until the carpet is seamed. 4. Butter carpet. "Butter" with carpet adhesive the edges of the carpet along the seam. 5. Seam carpet. Place heat bond ape under the seam with the glue side next to the carpet and apply heat from a seaming iron to the top of the seam, press- ing the carpet into the glue. 6. Keep scraps. Retain reasonable size carpet scraps to protect carpet and flooring during move -in. STEP 5. COMPLETE TRIM Using fine gauge wire staples or pin nails, install ship loose molding and wainscot pan- eling to finish trimming out ceilings, marriage line walls, front and rear end walls, and passageway doors where necessary. STEP 6. INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS Remove all strapping, blocking, and packaging from appliances, windows, and doors. Install any drapes, mini -blinds, mirrors, door stops, closet shelves, and hardware per the product manufacturer's installation instructions. V t ZZ Installing carpet. Only ex- perienced carpet installers should install carpet. Fail- ure to follow the carpet manufacturer's directions may void the carpet war- ranty. Stagger seams. Stagger all seams. For ex- ample, locate the carpet pad seam three inches to left of marriage line and the carpet seam three inches to right of marriage line. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 59 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. a Is to We, 10/20/08 Install Stabilizing Systems This chapter covers the design and installation of the stabilizing system which secures the home against lateral and up- ward forces caused by wind. The system covered here uses earth (or ground) anchors and steel straps connected to the home's longitudinal steel beams and/or exterior walls. Stabilizer plates may also be used to prevent the anchor head from moving laterally in the ground. An anchor, strap, and stabilizer plate (if used) together are referred to as a tie -down. Anchors can also be mounted in concrete footings when there is enough concrete mass (weight) to resist the lateral and upward forces. This type of system is not covered in this manual. STEP 1. DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS (p. 60) V STEP 2. DETERMINE TIE -DOWN CONFIGURATION (p. 69) ® STEP 3. SELECT ANCHORS (p. 69) - ® STEP 4. INSTALL ANCHORS (p. 70). ® STEP S. INSTALL STRAPS (p: 71) ® STEP 6. TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS (p. 74) STEP 1. DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS Create a sketch of the home plan showing the exterior walls, marriage line(s) (if any) and frame I -beams (this will be similar to the base sketch created in Prepare Footings, page 17). See Table 21 for a list of anchor locations, types, and where they are required. Pages where the requirements are provided are noted in the last column. As each anchor location is determined, mark it on the sketch, noting important dimen- sions such as spacing between anchors. When complete, this will be the home's tie - down plan (Figure 61 and Figure 62). UU1111MA d11y IdGlUly-IIISld111jU 51UCWG11 LIU-UUW11 OLICIPA LU d yIUUJIU d11U1RA I VYCIIUIVJJ UI Lnc vv111U zone in which the home is placed. 2. Install interior shear wall anchors and marriage line anchors prior to moving the home over the top of the anchor locations and then return to Set the Home or Complete Multi -Section Set re- spectively. Figure 61 and Figure 62 illustrate typical anchor locations for a double -section home in Wind Zone I and Wind Zones II and III respectively. Harbor Homes, Inc. VF&AZZA Need for a stabilizing sys- tem. The manufactured home must be secured against the wind by the use of an anchor assembly or an alternative foundation system. Where site or other conditions prohibit the use of the manufacturer's in- structions, a registered en- gineer or registered archi- tect must design the stabi- lizing system. Flood and seismic forces. The stabilizing system re- quirements in this chapter do not consider flood or seismic loads and are not intended for use in flood or seismic hazard areas. In those areas retain a regis- tered engineer or registered architect to design the sta- bilizing system. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03114. UJ typical all ends. Standard Pier Large openln W or more Sidewall Frame Tie -Down 1-Beam -- - ----- - End Wall Tie -Downs -I ------- -- (Some Houses) Marriage ---------� Line Ke ---- o- G- — � A h Head `L nc or II -+—Strap Vertical Tie- 0-"*—Down 241 max to 1 st or typical each end ——�_--I---4---- 4--4-----ll-----u i} — Longitudinal Anchors --- -------------------- --——-- --- La—rge —openNg— -- -- — ;Smallopen[ r g -- ---� - Column Vertical Area I L Standard Pier Area Lateral Frame Tie -Downs to Far Beam 1=11 Line Lateral Frame Tie -Down Sidewall Vertical Tie -Down SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHORS Use Table 22, Table 23 and Table 24 to determine the spacing between anchors for Wind Zones I, 11, and III, respectively. Spacing requirements will vary depending on the type of home (single or multi -section), the slope of the roof, the width of the floor for each section, the sidewall height, I-beam spacing, and the height from the ground to the strap attachment point. Determine the values for the home. Using the table for the appropriate wind zone, determine the column and row that corresponds to the charac- teristics of the home. The value on the tables is the maximum distance between an- chors. Keep in mind that sidewall frame tie -downs must be located no more than two feet from each end wall. Notes to Tables: 1. Designs based on max 99 %" I -Beam spacing. 2. Tables apply to both Multi section and Tag Iunits and are for Exposure "C" sites. 3. When using the FAR beam method and utilities prevent strap from being properly installed to the top of the Main I-beam, the strap may alternatively depart from the bottom of the beam, but must be within 3" of a crossmember or approved I-beam brace. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. Figure 61. Typical anchor locations for a double -section home in Wind Zone / PFS#°2 Conforms to Hun MHCSS 6/19/14 Figure 62. Typical anchor locations for a double -section home in Wind Zones 11 or /// Maximum spacing re- quirements. The LAHJ may have anchor spacing requirements that super - cede the values provided in this manual. Minimum spacing require- ments. Refer to anchor manufacturer's installation instructions for verification. As a rule of thumb, mini- mum distance between an- chors equals the length of the anchors (cone of influ- ence). 61 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 1 0 I N111111pp- HUD MHCSS TABLE 22. WIND ZONE I SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHOR MAXIMUM SPACING 10/20/08 20" to 24" 1 V-3" T-3" to �3 9--Y 33" to 40" 7'-10" 4'-9" • 41-W4 6'-9" 4�-O- 49" to 56 3 -6" 57" to 64", 5-3- N/A 20" to 24" 9'-6" 6'-3" 25" to 32" More than 7'-10" 5'-0' T-6" to 33" to 40" 4'-2" 41" to 48", T-6" 49" to 56 T0- 57" to 64"t 4'.5- NIA 20" to 24" 13'-9" 25" to 32"t 12'-0' 8-4- 33" to 40" 10'-7" T-2" 41 " to 46- 9'.4- 6'-3" 57" to 64" j T-6" 4'-11" 20" to 24" 1 V-6" 8'-T More than 25" to 32" 10'-2" T-3- T-6" o 33" to 40" 8'-10" 91-01, T-10. 49" to 56 7 -0" 4--9 - to 64 6'-4- 4'-3- 20" to 24" 15'-3" 2 to 32" 14'-0" 10'-3" 33" to 40" 12'-10" 9'-2" 41" to 48" 8'-3" 49" to 56 10'-8" 7'-6" 57" to 64 . ). G '9'-10r 6'-9" 20" to 24" 12'-8" 25" to 32" 1 V-6" More than - T-6" to 33" to 40" 101-5" 417 to 48- 9'-6- 7' 3- 49" to 56 8--7" 6'-6" 57" to 64"- T-1 0 20" to 24" 25" to 32" 5'-2., _7 33" to 40 14'-2" 101-0" 41"io 48" 1 T-2" 914" 49" to 56 12'-3" 8'-7" —57 to 64 1 V-5" T-11" 20" to 24" 13'-6" 10'-3" 25 to 32" 9'-7" 33" to 40" 13, A 8'-10' 40 " to 48" '-2- 49" to 56 10'-4" --- 57" to 64" -- 1. Anchors and straps are installed along each side wall (must be opposICe Figure 66. each h 'V_'e-- Win 4ftur W I A-��Sct n.$) PRO FEr; C,'O IN A % Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. P.7 9/22/08 62 -0. 040IM10 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 TABLE 23. SINGLE SECTION WIND 1 4'-0' .. Now I 5' 4" 46 30 80 80 . 34 20' so --- 60 Y 6-8"� 20 80 n/a 46 14 wide 8'-0" n/a 52 n/a n/a . 1" min floor 4 0" 35 80 n/a 80 width More than 991/2 „ 5.� „ 21 .80 n/a 50 • 1 6-8- n/a 46 n/a n/a _.. --- 4'-0" 991/2 5'4" 74,44 70 80 80 50 28 80 80 _ 6'-8" 28 80 n/a 46 16 wide �I 8'-07 n/a, 54 - n/a� n/a 80 floor _ widthMorthan , 91/2 7 49 29" 80 80 34 n/a 80 56 " 8 n/a 52 n/a n/a . , 8'-0" n/a n/a n/a n/a 4'-0' 80 80 64 80 —. J . 5'4' 56 80 36 80 Max. 6'-8" 36 80 20 46 • 8' 0" n/a'" 54 n/a n/a 1 • . . More than . 1/2 4'-0" 5 -4 68 80 46 22 80 55 ... .......� ......., • 6'-8" n/a 52 n/a n/a # } 8'-p" , n/a n/a. n/a n/a " For near and far beam installation, see Figure 66. Example: 18 ft wide x 60 ft long with 7'-6" side wall installed in Wind Zone II. Factory installed Vertical Tie spacing is 6ft- 8in. The maximum height from anchor to bottom of floor must be 36" or less for "Near beam" attachment. The height may be increased to 80" when the "Far beam" method is used. Note: The maximum height from ground to strap attachment in- cludes the I -Beam height. I A S_A aA®o .. , e, Q Pao, o : : C* moo � �••���•;�®moo ®® ••...ria•..• Re Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 63 &S certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 64 iU Conforms to HUD MHCSS TABLE 24. MULTI -SECTION WIND ZONE II & I .. 4' 0" 28 80 20 80 ' 5_'-4 80 n/a 80 6'-8° n/a 80 n/a 38 12 • • • width to 0 14 wide •1floor width • . than — B'-0 n/a 48 — — n/a' n/a — 4'-0" 80 ' S not be used. "80 " 1 not be used. j' i•__ —' Near beam method can i'— -----, Near beam method canT-6" 46 4'-0" 46 80 33 80 .441. n/a 80 .,5'-4" r _ 32, ,S0 n/a = - '80' 6'.8" 20 80 n/a n/a 52 n/a 4'-0" 36 80 Near beam method can 5'-4 .. ., 21 . 80 not be used. 6'-8" Neither method can be used for anchor spacing greater than 5'-4" 8-0. _ }6 40 n/a 80 `48 16 wide :1floor width -6" to 4'-0" 64 80 44 80 5'-4�40 64 - 24 - 80 6'-8" 26 44 n/a 38 g .p° n/a 32 n/a n/a ' 4'-0" _ 50 80 Near beam method can 80 �54" 130 not be used.=- .. 50�'---.. 6 8 Neither method can be used for anchor spacing greater than 5'-4" 8'-0" 4'-0" 80 80 60 80 5 4 57 80 ' 32 '80 6'-8" 36 80 n/a 366 8'-0" n/a n/a _ n/afR n/a _ t • • • More than . �, 4'-0° i 5 5" 8,-0„II 70 41 80 Near beam method can not be used. 80 Neither method can be used for anchor spacing greater than 5'4" 80 52 — " For near and far beam installation, see Figure 66. B%®IIf08'rge N B_A A.; 0° iTao - u ,� v ••••�/ CG�•• �O®O o10 v®�• •P�i..•®6�®0 r Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. SIDEWALL VERTICAL ANCHORS Homes designed for Wind Zones II and III also require vertical tie -downs along the sidewalls. The vertical tie -down anchor straps (or brackets for connecting to the home) are factory installed and indicate the locations. Vertical and frame sidewall tie -downs may connect to one double -headed anchor or each to its own dedicated anchor. Any factory -installed sidewall tie -down stralps must be connected to a ground anchor regardless of the wind zone in which the home is placed. END WALL FRAME ANCHORS End wall frame tie -downs are especially important for homes that are wider and have higher roof pitches because those features increase the surface area exposed to wind loads at the ends of the home. Use Table! 25 to determine the number of end wall frame anchors required at the each end of each home section. Palm Harbor Homes recommends the use of Longitudinal Stabilizing Devices (LSD) or other ap- proved systems. These devices or systems are NOT provided by Palm Harbor Homes. Companies, such as Tie -Down Engineering, Inc., and other manufactur- ers, may be contacted to obtain such devices. Table 25 is based on Tie -Down Engineering's LSD system. Consult sl ecific requirements for other products used. i For Tie -Down Engineering, call toll free 1.800.241.1806, to locate the nearest sup- plier of Tie -down Engineering anchoring systems. PF�#05 Conforms to HUD MHCSS 7/30/10 TABLE 25. LONGITUDINAL STABILIZING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS (TIE -DOWN ENGINEERING • 4.35/12 7/12 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3, 3 $ 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4.35/12 2 31 3 3 3 4 5 6 4 5 6 7 • 7/12 3 3 4 4 '4 5 6 7 5 6 7 8 _ 4.35/12 I 3 4 5 6 5 7 8 9 6 8 9 11 • 7/12 4'' 5 6 7 7 8 10 12 8 10 12 14 Typical Longitudinal Stabilizing Device max. 45 deg I Unit Main I -Beam �i Typ. Pier Jill iI Ll L— Adjustment increase' reduce may be made spa c'g spac'g on both sides of device max. 2x design spacing m Homes, Inc. Typical Longitudinal Stabilizing Device Note: where adjacent piers inter- fere with location of LSD, pier may be offset as shown. i ' z For number of Frame anchors using conventional ground an- chors, refer to Table 31, Table 32, or Table 33. 65 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. a 10/20/08 Column studs @ end of marriage line opening to FACTORY INSTALLED COLUM ANCHOR BRACK CONNECT TO ANCHOR(: AND STRAP(S) SUPPLIEI (6) #10 x L screws ea side of bracket for a total of (12) MARRIAGE LINE VERTICAL ANCHORS (WIND ZONES II AND III ONLY) In Wind Zones II and III, marriage line anchors are required at each column along the marriage wall. Required brackets have been factory installed at their proper location and number of brackets required. In addition to installing anchor(s)'and strap(s) at these locations, the marriage line rim joists of adjacent sections must be' fastened together with #10 Wood Screws, long enough to penetrate receiving member 1 %". Install (6) screws each side of bracket(s). Figure 64 TAG UNIT FRAME ANCHORS Same as main unit anchoring. See Table 22, Table 23. TAG UNIT VERTICAL ANCHORS Same as main unit vertical anchors. PORCH POST ANCHORS Porch posts have factory installed brackets that must connect to anchors with straps. Brackets are the same as shown in Figure 64, but need not be connected into adjacent marriage wall rim joists. OFFSET UNIT ANCHORS Multi wide units, offset from each other, or where one' section is longer than the other, require anchors spaced along exposed marriage wall side, as shown in Figure 65 be- low. Notes: 1. For offsets 4'-0" or less, only one anchor and strap at 2'-0" is required. 2. Longitudinal tie and column tie installation to be per the applicable requirements in this manual. 3. Standard tie down spacings along side wall sides of each section. 4. When anchor angle specified can not be achieved, install an approved stabilizer plate. Figure 64 Marriage Wall Col- umn Anchoring V&AZZA When to install marriage line anchors. Anchors along the marriage line must be installed prior to the second half of a multi - section home being set. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 66 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Install StabilizF Systei PFS#°5 I Conforms to Figure 65 Offset units, Plan and HUD MHCSS End View — Wind Zones II and 11/18/09 III only. See Figure 61 for Wind Zone I anchoring. Hmw LL HEIGHT UNIT x� o �o66la®dI SLOSEPE WIDTH OF -.E TABLE) o 6" MAX o = OPTIMUM ANCHOR ANGLE�" OR APPROVED STABILIZER PLATES z + - "max 1/2 EE NOTE 13 � d �T� (X� M ) (MAX) 3150 AN PLAN VIEW (4725 LB. ULTIMATE) Table 26 Offset Units, Wind Zone I, 96" maximum Side Wall Height 95 '/z 99 '/2 95 '/z 12 99 '/2 95 '/2 99'/z 6'-0" 36 6'-0" 32 T-0" 38 T-0" 36 T-6" 40 T-6" 38 Table 27 Offset Units, Wind Zone 1,116" maximum ®6 SEE NOTE 30-35 146.8 5'-0" 38 30-35 171.8 30-35 5'-0" 34 30-35 40-45 154 6'-0" 38 4045 182.7 40-45 6'-0" 34 40-45 40-50 163.3 7 -0" 30 1 50-55 195.5 40-50 T-0" 28 1 50-55 Side Wall Height 95 % 99 '/z 95 '/z .0 12 99'/2 95'/z � 99'/z 4'-0" 36 25 173 4'-0" 30 25-30 198 4'-0" 32 25 4'-0" 26 25-30 5'-0" 42 30-35 180 5'-0" 34 30-35 209 I 5'-0" 39 30-35 5'-0" 30 30-35 6'-0" 40 40-45 187.5 5'-0" 42 40-45 220 6'-0" 38 1 40-45 5-0" 40 1 40-45 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 67 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. IIIIIIIIIIIIIN—] onforms to UD MHCS! 11/18/09 Table 28 Offset Units: Wind Zones II & III, 96" maximum Side Wall Height 2 � 3 2 12 3 2 3 5'-4" 68 35-40 146.8 5'-4" 48 40-45 146.8 4'-0" 72 40-45 131 4'-0" 64 35-40 5'-4" 72 35-40 154 5'-4" 48 40-45 154 4'-0" 72 45-50 136 4'-0" 64 35-40 1 5'-4" 48 40-50 163.3 5'-4" 42 40-50 165.4 4'-0" 72 40-50 144.5 4'-0" 64 40-45 Table 29 Offset Units: Wind Zones II & III, 114" maximum Side Wall Height 2 5'-4" 33 40-45 155 5'-4" 38 40-45 � 171 3 4'-0" 46 40-45 155 4'-0" 28 40-45 2 5'-4" 33 35-40 160 4'-0" 60 35-40 12 178 3 I 4'-0" 46 40-45 160 4'-0" 30 35-40 5'-4" 1 33 1 40-45 1 165 4'-0" 60 35-40 2 3 186 4'-0" 48 40-45 165 4'-0" 64 40-45 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. EXTERIOR SIDEwALL 0.036 X 1 111' TIE•DOMI STRAP OR BRACKET INSTALLED AT FACTORY I / o: wX _F_ MAIN FBEAM u u CO � F 00 g52 0 L INTERIOR MEMBER S 0 � CROSS GROUND LEVEL / 0.035 X 1 114" TIE-DONN STRAP FURNISHED BYINSTALLER STEP 2. DETERMINE TIE-D( There are two primary tie -down configw ods. (Figure 63). HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 EXTERIOR SIDEWALL 0.035 X 1 1Ft' TIE -DO AI INTERIOR CROSS MEMBER STS RAP .EBRACKET STALLED A CKFACTORY 13AIN I'SEA1d 1 IW TIE-DONN — GROUND LEVEL SEE NOTE 3IN STEP 1 Angle of anchor when no etaGlli ng device Iswed Figure 66. Lateral tie -down con - CONFIGURATION figurations the near beam and the far beam meth- • Near beam method. For all Wand Zones, connect an anchor strap from the anchor head to the beam closest to the anchor. See Figure 67. In -line anchor configuration and Figure 68. Stabilizer plate configuration .For Wind Zones II and III connect a vertical strap1from the sidewall factory installed tie of the home to the anchor head using a double -headed anchor; connect the other strap to the beam closest to the anchor. Refer to Table 22 for maximum heights from ground. • Far beam method. For Wind Zones II and III connect one anchor strap from the anchor head (using a double -headed anchor) to the home's near beam or far beam and one to the sidewall of the home. Refer to Table 23 andTable 24 for maximum heights from ground. STEP 3. SELECT ANCHOR Use the torque probe results from Pre BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST I tions; select the type and length of an (length) must be listed (i.e. approved) Make sure the anchor is of sufficient I frost line. Select a shaft diameter suffi the helix or anchor head separates frc supplier for guidance. Review all of STEP 3. INSTALL ANC (p. 70) before making final anchor sel double -headed anchors should be us1 lecting stabilizing system component: 30. ANCHOR SYSTEM MA re the Site, STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL- E (p. 14) and the anchor manufacturer instruc- Ir to use. The installed ground anchor size the soil class. Ith such that the top of the helix is below the nt to resist excessive torsion, "ring -off' (when shaft) or shaft splitting. Consult the anchor RS (p. 69) and STEP 4. INSTALL STRAPS ons to determine when single -headed vs. Follow the specifications in Table 30 when se - SPECIFICATIONS Anchors must be tested and listed to resist a minimum ultimate load of 4,725 Ibs and a minimum allowable working load of.3,150 Ibs or ultimate and corresponding working load limited by soil conditions and anchor length. The working load is the maximum load the designer can use. Ground anchors must be provided with protection against weather deterioration and corrosion `at least equivalent to that provided by a. coating of zinc on steel of not less than 0.30 oz per sq ft of surface coated. Straps must be minimum 1-1/4" x 0.035" zinc -coated (0.30 oz per sq ft) steel strapping conforming to ASTM D3953-97, Type 1, Grade 1, Finish B with a minimum allowable working load capacity of 3,150 Ibs and a minimum ultimate load of 4,725 lbs. Slit or cut edges of zinc -coated strapping do not need to be zinc coated. The size and type of stabilizer plate, if required by the ground anchor manufacturer, will be specified in the anchor manufacturer's instructions..,Stabilizer plates must be provided with protection against weather deterioration and corrosion at least equivalent to that provided by a coating of zinc on steel of not less than 0.30 oz peg sq ft of surface coated. Alternatively„ ABS stabilizer plates may be used when listed and certi- fied for such use. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. I I I i i I PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. we STEP 4. INSTALL ANCHORS Before beginning anchor installation, check for obstructions under the home such as piers and frame members that may interfere with the tie down strapping. Check with utility companies to determine the location of underground utilities, such as electrical and phone lines, and water, sewer, and gas pipes that may be buried in potential an- chor locations. Also check for homeowner -installed wires and pipes, such as those connecting exterior lighting or sheds to the home. These must also be avoided. FRAME ANCHORS Frame anchors can be installed in two ways, in -line and against a stabilizer plate. The two methods are discussed below: In -Line Configuration The in -line configuration (Figure 67) for homes can be used in Wind Zone I only. Typi- cally, in -line anchors are used under high homes where the anchors can be installed from under the home after the home is set. In -line anchors can also be installed' before the home is set, however, precisely aligning the anchor with the home both vertically and horizontally is difficult. Using swivel connectors for the strap to beam connection can provide some horizontal flexibility. To install in -line frame anchors, drive the anchor into the ground at an angle and loca- tion such that a straight line can be drawn from the tip of the anchor through the anchor head and to the connection point on the I-beam (Figure 68). Sidewall Frame Tie -Down Strap Ground Mchorwith Stabilizer Plate Main Beam Stabilizer Plate Configuration Stabilizer plate configurations (Figure 68) are suitable' for homes in all wind zones. An- chors may be installed after the home is set. A stabilizer device, typically an ABS or metal plate, is used to prevent the top of the anchor from slicing through the soil when the load is applied. Stabilizer plates are available in a variety of widths. Choose the widest plate that can be driven into the soil to maximize resistance to movement. The LAHJ may have stabilizer plate requirements. Install anchors with stabilizer plates as follows: 1. Locate anchor. Select a location for the anchor under the home but within six inches of the exterior wall (Figure 69). Avoid locations that will interfere with skirting. 70 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 0 is to 10/20/08 Grading area around anchors. Anchor heads should not rest in sunken spots. Grade the ground so that water does not collect around anchor heads, but runs away from the anchor and out from under the home. Do not bury anchor heads. Figure 67. In -line anchor configuration Figure 68. Stabilizer plate configuration PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 2. Install anchor. To assure that the anchor attachment point will end up at the stabilizer plate, start the anchor Iinsertion approximately 12 inches back from from the desired location if using a 48 inch long anchor, or approximately 16 inches if using a 60 inch long a , chor. Install the anchor at about 15 degrees off vertical, with the head tilted away from the home. Install the anchor to a depth of approximately one half its length. 3. Drive stabilizer plate. Drive the stabilizer plate into the ground to its full depth at the point determined in Stepl1. 4. Complete anchor installation. Screw the anchor the rest of the way into the ground. The finished anchor must be installed to its full depth. VERTICAL ANCHORS ' To install vertical anchors, screw the anchor into the ground directly under the strap at- tachment point on the home until the bottom of the anchor head is flush with the ground or no more than one inch above grade.) STEP 5. INSTALL STRAPS Follow the instructions below to connect straps from the home to sidewall frame, end wall frame and vertical anchors. Always protect straps at sharp cornerslincluding around 1-beams with radius clips or other methods (Figure 70). Radius clips may be fabricated from 26ga (min) by 1 '/- inch wide galvanized steel strap formed to fit around corners. i rf �` Longituldal Bracket Protect Top and Bottom of Beam I -Beam Strap is Wrapped N Around Beam T .11 t i SPLICING STRAPS Splicing may be required when a prelcut strap is of insufficient length. Splices in tie - down straps are not permitted in a 'Yj configuration. Overlap straps by 12 inches, ap- plying one splice clip from above and the other from below; use a crimping tool to tightly seal the splice clips (Figure 71). Do not run any portion of the splice through an anchor head bolt. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. Figure 69. Determining an- chor and stabilizer plate loca- tion Soil depression. Do not locate anchor heads in soil depressions where water may pool. Figure 70. Radius clips 71 i I PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 72 Conforms to HUD MHCSS Apply Splice Clips In Direction of Arrows Strap i I VY'Splice V Approx. 12" Not NO Permitted SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHORS Install straps to sidewall frame anchors as follows: 1. Connect strap to home. Connect one end of the strap to the home connec- tion point using approved buckles or clips (swivel or hook clip preferred). OWrap strap aroundmain beam Main Beam OConnect hook totopof main beam and connect other end ofstrapto anchor head. Pivot Clamp , Strap to anchor O Swivel CIIp 2. Connect strap to anchor. Connect the other end of the strap to the split bolt in the anchor. Leave enough strap length to be able to make at least three, but no more than five complete turns around the bolt before it becomes tight (approximately 2 1/2 inches per turn or 7 1/2 to 13 inches total). Fewer than three turns and the strap may not hold onto the bolt when force is applied. Conversely, more than five turns may not fit within the U-channel of the an- chor head. Follow the procedure outlined in Figure 73. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. Figure 71. Tie -down strap splice Figure 72. Strap to beam connection V&Irzzj Strap to beam connection. Regardless of the strap supplier's recommenda- tions, the strap must be connected to the top of the main beam to prevent damage to the structure. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. ®7s ms to Confor HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 I I I I OInsert the tension bolt into the p g Using a 15/16" socket or open end 4O Place the strap through the slotted 5 anchor head and loosely attach shank of the tension bolt and bend wrench, rotate clockwise, wrapping the hex nut. up to 90°. the strap around the tension bolt. I I OOnce tensioned to the point that. counterclockwise resistance . appears, use a 5/8" open end 1 wrench to hold thesquareneckl while repositioning the15/16" 1 tensioning wrench to continue I tensioning. Repeat as required. OOnce fully tensioned, align the square neck of the boltwith the square recess in theanchorhead and tighten the hex nut. This will draw the two togetherand lock the system into final position. If approved by the manufacturer, double head anchors may be used for both diagonal and vertical tie -down strap tensioning. Tension the diagonal tie -down strap first. Follow Steps 3 through 7 to install straps to anchorhead. 3. Pretension anchor. For anchors with stabilizer plates, pretension the anchor by pulling it up to the stabilizer plate using the strap and take-up bolt to move the anchor head. Continue p (ling the strap until the plate moves a small amount (about 1/2 inch). This is called packing the plate and it will yield the strongest resistance (the bottom of the anchor head should be maximum 114 inch above the top of the staiilizer plate). END WALL FRAME ANCHORS 1 Attach straps to the bracket welded by the manufacturer to the frame (Figure 74). If no brackets have been installed, use app'�oved beam clamps designed specifically for this purpose, available from anchor suppliers. Connect straps to anchors following same procedure as for sidewall frame anchors. Main Beam Bracket Pler End Wall (Tie -Down Strap 30 - 50 1 Degrees r'Lu—�IIIILAnchor with II I, � � InT;.Li E. L Stabilizer Pig Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. Figure 73. Procedure for connecting the strap to frame and anchor i & si Anchor head location. As the anchor is pulled up to meet the stabilizer plate, the head of the anchor will rise. In its final position, the bottom of the anchor head should be no more than 1/4 inch above the top of the stabilizer plate. Figure 74. End wall frame anchor attachment method 73 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 74 The following tables tabulate minimum number of longitudinal (frame) anchors required each end, when conventional anchors are used. Table 31 and 32 are not limited to maximum pier heights, except as limited by other de- tails. Table 33 limits pier height and minimum unit length as tabulated. Table 31 Longitudinal Ties, Wind Zone 1,, 96" Side Wall max, 4.35112 max Roof Pitch MINIMUM MINIMUM STRAP ANGLE FROM VERTICAL FLOOR WIDTH QUANTITY, EACH END OF SINGLE DOUBLE TRIPLE EACH SECTION 12-WIDE 14-WIDE 16-WIDE 18-WIDE Table 32 Longitudinal Ties, Wind Zone 1, 108"Side Wall max, 7112 max Roof Pitch Table 33 Longitudinal Ties, Wind Zone 1, 108"max Side Wall, 7112 max Roof Pitch MINIMUM FLOOR WIDTH QUANTITY EACH END 2- IDE4-IDE6-IDEIDE DOUBLE UNIT LENGTH SECTION MAX PIER HEIGHT SGL DOUBLE STACK STACK TRIPLE UNIT LENGTH SECTION MAX PIER HEIGHT SINGLE DOUBLE STACK STACK rWl Note: minimum strap angle is 40°. Minimum number of ties is total each end to be split over all sections. For units not meeting the minimum length requirement, use stabilizing systems as described in Figure 63 typical longitudinal stabilizing device. STEP 6. TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS After all anchors have been installed and pre -tensioned, recheck all anchor straps to assure that they are tight and that the anchor shafts have remained in contact with the . stabilizer plates. Do not over -tension straps. m Harbor Homes, Inc. Im HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 yea -.a- % w f PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Conforms to HUD MHC S Connect Utilities to,ZooB This chapter contains procedures and req I irements for the connection and testing of utility hook-ups. Responsibility for making utility connections varies by location. Consult the LAHJ and the utility before connecting the home to any utilities. Follow-• below: STEP 1. CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE (p. 75) STEP 2. CONNECT WATER SERVICE (p. 78) i STEP 3. CONNEdT GAS SERVICE (p. 81) STEP 4. CONNECT OIL SERVICE (p. 82) i i STEP 1. CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE The home is designed for connection toian electrical wiring system rated at 120/240 volt AC. All electrical field work must be done by a licensed electrician or other person approved by the LAHJ. FEEDER WIRE AND EQUIPMENT SIZES The current rating (in amperes) of the home can be found on the tag located on the outside next to the feeder or service entrance, and on the electrical distribution panel. Using this information, determine the required feeder wire size from Table 34. These sizes are based on an ambient temperature of 86 degrees Fahrenheit and do not take voltage drop into consideration. j Acceptable conductor types are: RHH,j RHW, RHW-2, THHN, THHW, THW, THW2, THWN, THWN-2, XHHW, XHHW-2, SE, USE, and USE-2. TABLE 34. ELECTRICAL FEEDER WIRE AND EQUIPMENT SIZES FOR COP- PER CONDUCTORS 50 35 NA 1 ! #4 i #8 j #10 100 70 10x10x4 1-1/4 #4 #4 #8 #8 200 140 10x16x4 225 158 10x16x4 2 i 3/0 2/0 #4 #4 400 280 10x24x4 3f 400 kcmil 300 kcmil #3 1/0 Harbor Homes, Inc. i // Special precautions when installing electrical ser- vice. Installation of the electric power to the home can cause exposure to live electrical circuits. Exposure to live electrical circuits or improper grounding of the conductor in the panel board may result in severe shock or possible electro- cution. A qualified installer must make the connections for the electric power. 75 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. a to 10/20/08 FEEDER CONNECTIONS Feeder connections are made from above or from below the home as follows From above — mast weatherhead feeder The routing, connection, and support of the service drop must meet local codes. Homes equipped this way contain all necessary conduits to the electrical distribution panel. However, the feeder conductors (not provided with the home) are installed on site. If the masthead is located above the roof overhang, allow a minimum clearance of eight feet above all roof points that the conductors pass over. There are two exceptions to this rule: (1) The vertical clearance may be reduced to three feet if the roof has a minimum slope of 4 in 12; and (2) The vertical clearance may be reduced to 18 inches if no more than four feet of service -drop conductors pass above the roof overhang, and if they terminate at a through -the -roof raceway or approved support. A minimum clear- ance must also be provided from the final grade to the service -drop conductors. This measurement may vary from 10 feet to 18 feet, depending on the types of traffic antici- pated below the service drop (refer to the NEC). Unless impractical, locate service heads above the point of attachment of the service -drop conductors and make them rain -tight. If individual conductors do not extend downward, form drip loops. From below — underside junction box feeder A section of conduit is factory installed through the floor cavity. Connect to that conduit with approved fittings and conduit (not provided with the home) to the point where the service entrance cable enters the crawl space. Install properly -sized service entrance conductors from the main power supply to the panel board. Depending on the location of the main panelboard inside the home, or the point at which the service entrance conductors enter the crawl space, a separate service disconnect may be required. Re- fer to Table 34 for the conductor and junction box requirements. The installer must provide the supply connection including the feeder conductors, junction box, and con- duit connectors. Protect conductors emerging from the ground from a minimum of 18 inches below grade to eight feet above grade, or to the point of entrance to the home. The distance measured from the top surface of a buried cable, conduit, or raceway to the finished grade must meet the minimum burial requirements outlined in the NEC. Use a moisture -proof bushing at the end of the conduit from which the buried cable emerges. GROUNDING The home must be properly grounded to protect the occupants. The only safe and ap- proved method of grounding the home is through an electrically -isolated grounding bar in the manufactured home distribution panel board. This grounds all non -current - carrying metal parts to the electrical system in the home at a single point. Each neutral conductor must be connected to the system grounding conductor on the the supply side of the main disconnect in accordance with Articles 250.24, 250.26, and 250.28 of the National Electrical Code, NFPA No. 70-2005. Where the meter base has a disconnect (typically when the meter is more than 6 feet from the service electric panel, although this may vary by LAHJ) the ground and neutral should be bonded at that disconnect and then grounded to the driven earth ground. Four wires will leave the service electric panel to the disconnect. Three wires will enter the disconnect from the meter base (refer to Figure 75). Where there is no disconnect on the meter base or between the meter base and ser- vice electric panel (typically when the meter is within 6 feet from the service electric panel, although this may vary by LAHJ), the main circuit breaker in the service electric panel becomes the first disconnect. In this case, the neutral and ground are bonded in the service electric panel and connected to the driven earth ground from the service electric panel. Three wires lead between the meter base and the service electric panel (refer to Figure 76). i // Power supply. A large enough power supply must be available at the site. An inadequate power supply may result in improper op- eration of and possible damage to motors and ap- pliances. It may also in- crease electricity costs. V&AZZ Grounding the electrical system. Do not provide electrical power until the grounding electrode is in- stalled and connected. When the meter base is not on the house never use the neutral conductor of the feeder cable as a ground wire. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 76 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. is to 10/20/08 Service Entry Main Planet (May Be Above Or Belau Ground) Enclosure �--2" ConduitTo Neutral Service Head Equipment Bus Bar Ground Bus Bar Meter By Utility Meterbase I Company Ground From Meter Enclosure Disconnect 2" Conduit Bonding Strap Not Installed I Disconnect ^ (Fused) Grounding Lug To Chassis Metallic Conduit Or Fttings To Be Effectively Grounded To Equipment Ground — Equipment Ground Bus Bar Gmunding Lug To Chassis To Grounding Rod MetallicConduit Or Fittings To Be Effectively Grounded To Equipment Ground — In all cases, a grounding electrode c cording to the following specification To Main Main I To Grounding Rod Panel Black -"HOT"ToAOrB Red L "HOT" To A Or B White To Neutral Bus Bar Ground To Equipment Ground I Mal" Panel Service Entry I Endosum (Above Or Below Ground) 1 2"Conduit To Neutral Service Head Bus Bar M eter By Utility Company Meter Endosure Bonding Strap Installed By Manufacturer 2" Conduit To Main Black - "HOTTo A Or B Red - "HOT° To A Or B White To Neutral Bus Bar and a ground wire must be installed ac- 1. Grounding wire to be per Table 34 provided by the manufacturer. If manufac- turer provides a minimum 1/2 inch EMT or conduit raceway, the #6 minimum bare copper wire is provided by the retailer for installation. 2. The clamp connecting the grounding wire to the electrode shall be suitable for direct burial and located flush or below ground level. 3. Use a listed 5/8 inch diameter by eight foot long iron electrode or nonferrous rod of at least 1/2 inch diameter by eight feet long for grounding (larger sizes may be required by the L.AItiJ due to soil impedence). 4. Drive the electrode to a depth of not less than eight feet so that at least eight feet of the electrode is in dontact with the soil. 5. When rock is encountered, the electrode may be driven at an angle not to ex- ceed 45 degrees from vertical or buried in a trench that is at least 2-1/2 feet deep. i FIELD INSTALLED METER BASE When a meter base is installed in;the field, Figure 77 and the following requirements must be adhered to: I • Install the meter base according to the manufacturer's instructions. • Use straps to support ady conduit. Do not use the meter base equipment for I 9/22/08 ! Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. Figure 75. Electrical feeder connection when meter has a disconnect installed (typi- cally more than 6 feet from service electric panel). Figure 76. Meter base wiring when there is no separate disconnect installed (typically within 6 feet of service elec- tric panel). Irk I i PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 0 support. • Use exterior equipment and enclosures listed as weatherproof and entrance conductors listed for wet locations. • The grounding bar may be installed separate from the neutral bar for pur- poses of testing the electrical system. • The grounding bar may be isolated during the electrical check and re- attached, after the .tests are completed. • Check with the local electrical utility to verify meter base requirements and lo- cations and distances for the main panel and meter box. • The field installed meter base enclosure must be installed in accordance with its listing. Fasten securely to exterior wall studs and provide for a weather - tight seal. • Check the local code for any requirements regarding the location of the meter base. for Wag Encbsure it Space :en Meter sure And or Wan STEP 2. CONNECT WATER SERVICE CONNECTION To connect the home's water system to the water source, identify the water inlet lo- cated under the home (usually below the water heater compartment or utility room) and follow the procedure described below (refer to Figure 78): 1. Flush pipe. Flush field -installed water piping free of all debris prior to connec- tion to the home's water inlet. 2. Clean threads. Ensure that pipe threads are'clean. 3. Install pressure -reducing valve. If the local water supply exceeds 80 psi in- stall a pressure -reducing valve. 4. Connect valve. Install a main shut-off valve between the water supply and the inlet on the home. Locate the riser for the shutoff valve underneath or ad- jacent to the home. Select a full flow gate or ball shutoff valve, or equivalent valve. To prevent the possibility of fresh water contamination install an anti - siphon valve on all field installed exterior faucets. to 10/20/08 Figure 77. Meter base clear- ances. V&r*JVZ1z Selecting heat tape. Use only pipe -heating cable (tape) listed for manufac- tured homes, and install it in accordance with the ca- ble (tape) manufacturer in- stallation instructions. Maximum water pressure. The water system for the home was designed for a maximum inlet pressure of 80 psi. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 78 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Factory -Installed Water Pipe Optional Hose Bib_ (Not Supplied) Connect To T Here For Water System Test Locate Water Riser Underneath or — Adjacent to Home 5. Install water heater discharg, heater to ensure that it is clear on a basement or enclosed cre charge from the water heater to side or to a sump. 6. Install water heater drip pan heater drip pan does not termir vided and the accompanying I heater drip pan through the wa Terminate the line between six' the termination point rodent pr( a Service Connection (Not Supplied) Mandatory Shut -Off Valve (Not Supplied) is to 10/20/08 drain. Inspect the drain opening on the water f any obstruction. If the home is to be installed r1space, install drain pipe connecting the dis- nperature and pressure relief valve to the out - train. Assure that the drain for the water late under the home. Using the materials pro- structions run a drain line from the water I or floor to the exterior of the crawl space. and 24 inches above grade. (Figure 79). Make 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Figure 78. Water system connection Using check valves. Install a check valve on the water inlet to prevent water system drainage in the event of a loss of water pressure from the source. Such pressure loss could cause the water heater to drain, exposing the heating elements of electric water heaters caus- ing them to fail. Figure 79. Water heater drip pan and drain 79 0 HUD MHCSS 7. Insulate. In areas subject to freezing temperatures, protect with insulation or 10/20/08 heat tape pipes, valves and pressure reducers that are exposed to the out- doors; and pipes in water heater compartments with non -insulated doors. , Connect heat tape to the electrical outlet under the home near the water sup- ply inlet. Selecting heat tape. Use TESTING only pipe -heating cable After testing the electrical system and connecting the water lines check the water sys- (tape) listed for manufac- tured homes, and install it tem for leaks using one of the procedures described below. Before testing, close all in accordance with the ca- water faucets, spigots, and toilet -tank float valves. ble (tape) manufacturer in - Hydrostatic (preferred): stallation instructions. 1. Bypass water heater. Bypass the hot water heater by disconnecting the hot Testing water lines. Only outlet and cold inlet water lines from the water heater and joining them to- use pneumatic (air) testing gether. This will protect the hot water tank from damage and protect those in- when hydrostatic testing is volved in the test from possible injury. not practical. Air under 2. Fill water heater. Confirm that the water heater tank is full of water. pressure is explosive. Ex- 3. Pressurize system. Connect a hydrostatic pump, valve, and gauge to the lo- ercise extreme caution and notify all site personnel of cation shown in Figure 78. Pressurize the system with water at 100 psi, and the test. Wear protective then isolate it from the pressure source. Bleed all air from the highest and far- eyewear and take precau- thest points in the system. tions to prevent impact 4. Hold pressure. Monitor the pressure for at least 15 minutes. damage to the system 5. Fix leaks. If the pressure drops below 100 psi, locate and correct any leaks while the test is in progress. by cutting out and discarding bad pipe sections or joints and installing new Do not pneumatically test pipe or joints with couplings. CPVC systems. Pneumati- 6. Repeat. Repeat the test until all leaks have been eliminated. cally test Flow Guard Goldsystems only at low pres- Pneumatic: sure levels (20 psi or less). 1. Bypass water heater. Bypass the hot water heater by disconnecting the hot Pressurizing water lines. outlet and cold inlet water lines from the water heater and joining them to- When pressurizing the wa- gether. This will protect the hot water tank from damage and protect those in- ter system, connect the volved in the test from possible injury. pump to a location above a 2. Pressurize system. Connect an air pump and pressure gauge to the water closed shut-off valve so as not to introduce pressure inlet, pressurize the system to 100 psi and isolate the pressure source from into the municipal water the system. supply. 3. Hold pressure. Monitor the pressure for least 15 minutes. If the pressure drops below 100 psi, locate any leaks by applying soapy water to the connec- tions and looking for bubbles. 4. Fix leaks. Correct any leaks by cutting out and discarding bad pipe sections or joints and installing new pipe or joints with couplings. 5. Retest. Repeat the procedure until all leaks have been eliminated. 6. Restore connections. Reconnect the water heater and the water supply. FREEZE PROTECTION FOR UNOCCUPIED HOMES If the home is to be left unheated in cold weather, protect water lines from freezing as follows: 1. Disconnect supply. Turn off the water supply and disconnect the water sup- ply inlet. 2. Drain water heater. Turn off the water heater; if necessary, attach a hose to the valve to direct water away from under the home, open the drain valve and drain the tank completely. 3. Drain faucets. Open all faucets throughout the home (including the laundry area if plumbed, and any exterior faucets) and let them drain completely. 4. Drain toilets. Flush toilets and drain water tanks completely. 5. Close faucets. Close all water faucets with the exception of one. 6. Connect compressor. Connect a maximum of 30 psi air supply to the water inlet connection using a low pressure compressor. 7. Open faucets. With the air supply on the system, open one faucet at a time throughout the home. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 0 to uu2oios 8. Disconnect compressor. After tt�e entire system has been drained of all wa- ter, disconnect the air supply and close the water inlet valve. 9. Pour anti -freeze. Pour an antifreeze solution into all drain traps, including sinks, tubs, and toilets. Be sure t 'at the antifreeze is safe for the fixtures and P-traps. STEP 3. CONNECT GAS SERi ICE CONNECTION If the home uses natural or liquid petroleum gas (LPG, also known as propane) for wa- ter or space heating, cooking or other appliances, follow the procedure described be- low: 1. Inspect vents. Assure that all exhaust vents on gas -fired equipment are se- curely connected and that roof jacks and stacks have not come loose during transit and they are properly installed. 2. Review appliance instructions. Review each appliance manufacturer's in- structions before the home is connected to the gas supply. Most gas appli- ances are typically configured to operate on natural gas. If the gas supply will be LPG, consult the appliance manufacturer's instructions to determine what changes need to be made. Forlhomes located above 3,000 feet, appliances may require a different orifice. I 3. Remove cap. Remove the protective cap from home inlet pipe and install a full flow shut-off valve at the supply inlet (Figure 80). 4. Install regulator. The gas piping system is designed for a pressure that is at least seven inches of water column (4 oz. per sq in or 0.25 psi) but not more than 14 inches of water column (8 oz. per sq in or 0.5 psi). If gas from any supply source exceeds, or co l Id exceed this pressure, install a regulator if re- quired by the LAHJ. 5. Connect supply. Using matc ing threaded fittings, connect the gas supply to the inlet side of the shut-off valve. 6. Close valves. Close all valves at appliances prior to opening the main supply valve. I Full Flow Shutoff Valve Required (Supplied By Others) Source of Gas Floor Cover Union (Supplied By Others) TESTING Test the gas piping system in the following two ways: 1) piping only and 2) entire sys- tem. Consult with the LAHJ for any'additional testing or start-up requirements. Before testing is begun, the temperature of the ambient air and the piping should be approximately the same. Conduct the tests when and where air temperatures will re- main constant. Piping only test (all appliances isolated) 1. Isolate appliances. Isolate all appliances from the system by closing all ap- pliance shut-off valves. 2. Attach gauge. Attach tolthe home's gas inlet a mercury manometer or slope Homes, Inc. V16rZA Installing gas lines. Only qualified professionals may connect and test gas ser- vice. Figure 80. Gas service con- nection Fill gas water heaters. Be- fore lighting the pilot on a gas powered water heater, fill the tank with water. Fail- ure to do so could damage the water heater. 81 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 0 gauge calibrated in increments of not more than 1/10 lb. 3. Pressurize system. Using an air compressor, pressurize the system with compressed air to three psi and isolate the pressure source from the system. 4. Monitor pressure. Monitor the pressure for at least 10 minutes. 5. Check for leaks. If pressure drops below three psi, check for leaks by apply- ing a non -corrosive, ammonia -free gas leak detection fluid to the joints at all valves, appliance connections, and crossover connections (do not use dish washing detergents, soap, or other household chemicals). If bubbles form, tighten the connection and recheck. 6. Repair leaks. If leaks persist, replace defective pipes or fittings with sound material and retest. 7. Release pressure. Release pressure and open all appliance shut-off valves. 8. Rinse connections. Thoroughly rinse all tested connections with water to remove leak detection fluid. Entire system test (with appliances) 1. Close appliances. Close all gas equipment controls and pilot light valves ac- cording to the individual gas equipment manufacturer's instructions. 2. Open valves. Assure that gas shut-off valves for all gas equipment are in the open position. 3. Attach gauge. Attach to the home's gas inlet a pressure gauge calibrated in ounces. 4. Pressurize system. Pressurize the system with compressed air to six to eight ounces (3/8 to 1/2 psi, or 10 to 14 inches of water column). 5. Check for leaks. Check for leaks as described above in step 4 of the Piping only test. Replace defective pipes or fittings with sound material and re -test. 6. Rinse connections. Thoroughly rinse all tested connections with water to remove leak detection fluid. GAS APPLIANCE START-UP Open the shut-off valve for each appliance and adjust the burners according to the ap- pliance manufacturer's instructions. Verify that the furnace and water heater thermo- stats are operating properly and set them to the desired temperatures. STEP 4. CONNECT OIL SERVICE Homes that are equipped with oil burning furnaces must have oil supply piping installed and tested on site by a qualified professional in accordance with NFPA 31, Standard for the Installation of Oil Burning Equipment, 2001 or the requirements of the LAHJ, whichever is more stringent. The home manufacturer does not supply oil piping or tanks. OIL CONNECTION Consult the furnace manufacturer's instructions for proper pipe -sizing and installation procedures. Where piping is run through the bottom of the home, ensure all holes in the bottom board are sealed tight with foam, mastic, and/or tape specially made for that purpose and made rodent proof. When equipping the home with an oil storage tank, comply with the following: • Install the pipe with a gradual slope toward the fill end or drain plug (if so equipped) to facilitate pumping or draining of water and sludge. • Provide a readily accessible approved manual shut-off valve at the outlet, in- stalled to close against the supply. • Equip the tank with an approved oil filter or strainer located downstream from the tank shut-off valve. Use a filter or strainer containing a sump with a drain to trap water. • Equip under ground tanks with a filler neck extending one foot above grade and a minimum 1-1/4 inch diameter vent pipe extending at least two feet above grade. • Locate the tank to be accessible for service and inspection, and safe from fire Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 82 HUD MH( 10/20/08 V&IOZZA Testing oil tanks. All oil storage tank and piping in- stallations and tests must meet all applicable local regulations and should be made only by experienced, qualified personnel. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11103/14. 0 LS to and other hazards. 10/20/08 / • If the tank is located inside a compartment of the home, provide ventilation at the bottom of the compartment to permit diffusion of vapors. If the tank is fixed to the home, provide for filling and draining from the outside. • Insulate interior tanks from the structural members of the home. Provide tanks so installed with an outside fill and vent pipe and an approved liquid level gauge. • Install tanks that feed vaporizing type oil furnaces so that oil flows by gravity. To achieve efficient gravity flow,) make sure that the bottom of the tank is at least 18 inches above the furnace oil control level. • Tanks for gun type oil furnaces (these furnaces include a fuel pump) may be installed above or below ground. OIL SYSTEM TESTING Before operating the system, fill the tanklto capacity with the fuel to be burned and visually check all joints in the system for leakage. Replace (do not repair) parts that leak. D r D X W O X O E m Cn z Cn D r O z D z c D r Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 83 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 84 conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Prepare Appliances and Equipment This chapter provides instructions for installing and/or preparing appliances and other equipment. While the items below can be completed in any order, the last item, CONDUCT ELECTRICAL TEST, must be done last. V INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT 'PUMP (p. 84) PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM (p. 85) INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT (p. 85) • PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM (p. 86) ® PREPARE FUEL -BURNING WATER HEATER (p. 86) V PREPARE CLOTHES DRYER (p. 87) S PREPARE SMOKE ALARMS (p. 87) ® PREPARE FIREPLACES (p. 88) PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH APPLIANCES / FIXTURES (p. 90) ® INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING (p. 91) V INSTALL CEILING FANS AND LIGHTING (p. 91) TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (p. 93) INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT PUMP (if applicable) CENTRAL UNITS Install split system or unitary central air conditioners and/or heat pumps as follows: 1. Check suitability. Check the home's Comfort Cooling Certificate (may be in- cluded with the data plate) to confirm that the home is suitable for installation of central air. If so, note the air distribution system's rated duct capacity (BTU/hr), any equipment sizing guidance provided by the manufacturer and information provided to calculate the home's heat gain. 2. Select equipment. Select equipment with a rated heating capacity (BTU/hr) not exceeding the maximum indicated on the home's data plate and a rated cooling capacity sized in accordance with Chapter 28 of the 1997 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals or ACCA Manual J, Residential Cooling Load, 8th edition. Information needed to calculate the home's heat gain can be found on the home's comfort cooling certificate. Choose equipment with a minimum cir- cuit amperage (found on the equipment rating plate) no greater than the branch circuit rating of the exterior air conditioning receptacle (indicated on the adjacent tag), if present. 3. Install A -coil. When installing a cooling A -coil in a down -flow furnace that in- corporates a fresh air intake duct, position the duct in the furnace cavity ac- cording to the furnace manufacturer's instructions (Figure 81). For electric down -flow furnaces, trim the ventilation duct as needed to allow installation of the A -coil and secure the duct to the wall of the compartment or to the top of the A -coil. Do not restrict the flex duct opening; allow the duct insulation to contact the A -coil, or allow the duct to become kinked, restricted, or config- m Hamor domes, Inc. V&*Irzzj Use listed appliances. All applicable appliances must be listed or certified by a nationally recognized test- ing agency for the applica- tion for which the unit is in- tended and installed in ac- cordance with the terms of its listing or certification. Properly sizing equipment. Oversized cooling equip- ment can lower energy effi- ciency, reduce comfort, shorten equipment life, and may cause moisture prob- lems in the home (inclJding potentially damaging the home's structure). Sizing guidance is provided by the Manufactured Housing Re- search Alliance Cooling Equipment Sizing Guide- 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. ured to form a trap. "Whole House" I Hou Ventilation Van Flex Dud l i Flex A Col Fumace Fun Cabinet Furnace Cal PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM If the home does not contain a factory installed heating appliance, install a remote heating appliance according to INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT, p. 89. Prepare fuel -burning heating systems included with the home as follows: 1. Inspect for damage. Inspect the furnace and report any damage to the home manufacturer. 2. High altitude. If the home as indicated in the furnace 4% for each 1,000 feet abt (and in some jurisdictions, 3. Convert for LPG gas. If L ance from natural gas to L fled and (if required by the 4. Install intake air pipe. Co maximum allowable pipe n relative to expected snowil els), acceptable materials; 5. Install flue. For combustic sembly as described in k is located more than 2,000 feet above sea level or I anufacturer's instructions, derate gas furnaces ye sea level. This work must be done by a qualified licensed) technician. G gas (propane) will be used, convert the appli- 'G gas use. Conversion must be made by a quali- LAHJ) licensed technician. isult the appliance manufacturer's instructions for in length, requirements for air dampers, locations evels (check with the LAHJ for expected snow lev- pipe supports, and pipe termination requirements. n appliances, install the flue roof cap and stack as- EPARE FIREPLACES, Chimneys (p. 92). INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT Install remote units in compliancelwith all heating and cooling equipment requirements in this chapter above and the following: 1. Locate connections tojthe home. Find the manufacturer -installed connect- ors, labels, or tags under the home indicating the required connection points for supply and return air. If connectors are not provided nor location indicated, select a supply duct location such that there are approximately equal numbers of supply registers forward and rear of the connection point. Locate the return duct in the center of the home. 2. Install ducts. Install the appropriate supply and return ducts (not provided) between the remote unit and the home (Figure 83), making connections ac- cording to the instructions for crossover ducts in Crossover Connections (p. 52). 3. Install dampers. If installing a remote cooling unit in a home with a factory in- stalled furnace, install ,'dampers between the furnace and the home's air duct system, and between the remote unit and the home's air duct system to pre - Harbor Homes, Inc. lines available at www.mhrahome.org. Figure 81. Whole house ventilation flex duct in an electric down -flow furnace. From left to right. as pre- pared in the factory, proper installation with A -coil, im- proper installation with A -coil V&IFZZJ Selecting A -coils. Use only A -coil units compatible and listed for use with the fur- nace in the home and in- stalled in accordance with the furnace manufacturer's instructions. Installing flue stacks with a hinged roof. If flue stack components are installed above the finish roof line (as is often the case with hinged roofs), an Alterna- tive Construction letter is normally required along with a follow-up inspection. Contact the factory for guidance. Venting appliances to the outside. Vent to the exteri- or of the home all combus- tion appliances except ranges and ovens. Selecting ducts. Exterior ductwork for remote units must be provided by the in- staller or HVAC contractor. Ducts must be approved for exterior installation and should be wrapped with in- sulation of at least R-8 un- der a vapor barrier with a perm rating of not greater than one. (For ENERGY STAR homes, the R-value may be greater. Check the manufacturer's ENERGY STAR Site Installation Checklist.) IFS#°2 Conforms to HUD MHCSS 11/3/14 85 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. vent warm air in heating mode from escaping to the remote cooling unit and vice versa. Home 4. Connect wiring. Install a thermostat containing a fan switch. Connect utilities in accordance with all manufacturer's instructions and local codes. 5. Seal penetrations. Repair or replace all floor insulation disturbed during the duct installation and seal holes in the bottom board using foam, mastic, or tape specially made for that purpose. Air Conditioning or Heating Equipment Supply �_Marrlage Supply Return Duct l III Line Duct , Duct Support Straps at upport Block 48" in. O.C. Minimum Minimum Clearance Between Ducts and Ground tobe4in. PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM Prepare the whole -house ventilation system according to the ventilation system manu- facturer's instructions. Confirm that any fresh air intake ducts extend to the exterior and do not draw air from the crawlspace under the home. Do not allow any fresh air ventila- tion intake ducts to become kinked or restricted, forming a trap (Figure 83). PREPARE FUEL -BURNING WATER HEATER The water heater discharge and drip pan drains should have been installed in Connect Utilities (p. 75). In homes with direct -vent water heaters (that utilize gas, oil, or other combustion fuel), and where the water heater is not independently vented to the exterior through a grilled opening, provide combustion air from under the floor using pipe and cement acceptable to the appliance manufacturer or through the roof via a double -walled flue pipe. If pro- vided through the floor, run the air piping to the exterior of the home, with supports spaced every 3-1/2 feet o.c. or less. Terminate the pipe facing downward a minimum of Ci0 onforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Figure 82. Remote unit damper locations Figure 83. Ducts connecting exterior heating and/or cool- ing equipment to the home V.&FIOZZ Choosing pipe lengths. The appliance manufac- turer may designate the length of the pipe run based on the pipe diameter and the number of turns in the pipe run. Venting exhaust systems. Exhaust vents must extend to the home's exterior through skirting. Termina- tion of the dryer exhaust underneath the home can 86 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. (91 to 10/20/08 12 inches above the ground surface and provide a screen on the pipe vent cap. cause condensation and l moisture damage to the PREPARE CLOTHES DRYER( DRYER VENTS If the home includes a clothes dryer, the components for ventilating the dryer are in- cluded with the home (but not necessarily installed) and a vent opening has been roughed in either in the wall or floor. (If a dryer is not installed, seal all dryer vent open- ings). i home. Lint and dust accu- mulation can ignite, causing a fire. The exhaust system must not contain reverse slope. Run the dryer vent to the outside througilI the exterior wall or through the floor to a point beyond the perimeter of the home, using' materials approved by the clothes dryer manufacturer (see Figure 84). wall Vent Below Floor Vent Through Exterior Wall Figure 84. Clothes dryer Elbow With Clampto ventilation ductwork through Rigid Duct Vent Cap igid or Flex Duct floor (left) or exterior wall (right) f CI I mp to Dryer Dryer Vent Cap Clampto \_Seal Bottom Vent Cap Board Clamp to Dryer Elbow With Connection D erVent ryA Rigid Duct Cap Support Strap (Rigid or ;Flex Duct i Wood Frame Secured to Bottom of Rim Plateor Install Through Skirting Install the vent as follows: 1. Remove temporary caps. lRemove any temporary seals and duct caps from the vent rough openings. I' 2. Install ductwork. Install ductwork using clamps (do not use screws or other Avoid damaging structural fasteners that penetrate into the duct) and support the duct with metal straps connected to the floor joists or chassis at two feet o.c. or less. Ensure duct elements. Do not cut or otherwise damage struc- connections are internally overlapped to prevent inhibiting the flow of air and tural elements such as floor thereby causing lint accumulation. joists or wall studs for the 3. Install cap and damper. Install an approved dryer vent cap with damper on installation of the dryer ex - the exterior termination ofIthe duct. If the vent terminates at skirting, secure haust system. the cap to framing or skirting with sheet metal screws and seal edges with caulk or sealant. If the vent terminates through a wall, apply a bead of sealant Gas. Ventilation components that may be included with to the back of the cap around the opening and secure with sheet metal screws the home for an electric to metal, hardboard or fiber cement siding or with wood screws to a mount dryer may not be accept - block for vinyl siding. 4. Seal opening. Seal openings inside and outside of the home including at the able for gas dryers. Consult the gas dryer manufacturer floor, interior walls, siding and skirting (with caulk), and at the bottom board instructions. using foam, mastic and/or tape specially made for that purpose. GAS DRYERS @installing If the home was not fitted for a gas dryer, installing one requires substantial alteration to the home. Gas supply piping and adequate venting must be provided as specified by ducts. the dryer manufacturer and installed by a trained professional. Do not cut major struc- Keep ductwork straight and tural elements to accommodate a gas dryer. smooth as possible without excess slack. Slope it PREPARE SMOKE ALARMS slightly downward towards The home has several factory in smoke alarms that are wired to a 120-volt cir- the exterior to facilitate cuit. If the home was designed for placement on a basement, an additional alarm is moisture drainage. provided for installation at a pre -wired location under the home. Connect the basement 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. smoke alarm and test all alarms as follows: 1. Check circuit. Ensure that electrical power to the home is activated and that the smoke alarm circuit is on. 2. Remove batteries. Make sure backup batteries (if any) are removed from all smoke alarms. 3. Test alarms. Press the test button on each alarm sequentially. All alarms should sound simultaneously when the test button on any one smoke alarm is pressed. Replace (with the same brand as those installed elsewhere in the home) any alarms that do not sound and retest. 4. Replace batteries. After successful test, replace the backup batteries, dis- carding the protective tabs. PREPARE FIREPLACES Install chimneys, chimney flashing and roofing, fireplace combustion air inlets, and hearths according to the manufacturer's instructions and the procedures described be- low. CHIMNEYS Fireplace and wood stoves may require on -site installation of additional sections of ap- proved chimney pipe, a spark arrestor, and a rain cap assembly. Follow the manufac- turer's instructions and the procedures described below: 1. Remove coverings. Remove protective materials covering the roof flashing and any foreign material from the installed part of the chimney. 2. Install chimney pipe. Assemble and seal the chimney per the fireplace or wood stove manufacturer's installation instructions and if there is a conflict be- tween the instructions and the figure, follow the instructions. To assure suffi- cient draft for proper operation, extend the chimney at least three feet above the highest point where it penetrates the roof and at least two feet higher than any surface within 10 feet of the chimney (Figure 86). Use additional sec- tion(s) of chimney pipe (not provided) if required by local code or if the site has obstructions within 10 feet of the chimney. 88 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 10/20/08 to PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. �— � Roaf Top Assartiy � \ Rain Cap —�—Spark Arrmtr Chimney Cap Adaptr 3' Mirt � Triple Wall Plpe Storm Collar Roof He'cjt AI FlashN i , —Firestop Thirhla ID is to 10/20/08 3: Install shingles. Install shingles up to the edge of the flue cut-out in the roof deck. Secure shingles installed under the roof flashing with asphalt cement. 4. Install flashing. Place flashing over pipe section and shingles and set in as- phalt cement. Secure flashing to roof deck at top two corners with roofing nails. 5. Complete shingles. Cut shingles in successive courses to fit around the pipe and embed them in asphalt cement where they overlap the flashing. Secure shingles with roofing nails through flashing and apply asphalt cement over nail heads. The completed installation should appear as shown in Figure 87, with the lower part of the flange overlapping the lower shingles and the side and upper shingles overlapping the flange. Homes, Inc. Figure 85. Chimney and combustion air intake duct installation V&OZ Selecting the appropriate flue. Wood fireplaces use larger diameter flues than gas fireplaces. Make sure flue matches the appliance type. Gas fireplaces cannot burn wood because the flue is too small and smoke will back up into the home. If wood fireplaces are con- verted to gas the flue will be too large resulting in ex- cessive heat loss through the chimney. Figure 86. Chimney clear- ance PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. is to 10/20/08 — Figure 87. Roof flashing and Push Down Upper and Side shingle installation around Roof Shingles Shingles Overlap caulking Flange and Are Set In chimney Storm collarFlange Asphalt Cement ange71 �I�Fas" f -- -- Flue Pipe z Trim With Sheet Metal Lower Part of Flange Sheers If Difficult To Make Overlaps Lower Shingle Flashing Lay Flat On Roof COMBUSTION AIR INLETS Combustion air inlets provide combustion air through the floor or an exterior wall to a combustion appliance. If through an exterior wall, site installation is not required. If through the floor, extend the duct from its point just below the floor to the outside (addi- Installing combustion air tional duct material required for this may or may not be provided with the home). Lo- inlets. Do not install the cate the inlet damper above expected snow levels (contact the LAHJ for snow levels). combustion air inlet such Follow the fireplace manufacturer's instructions (typically in the fireplace/stove or with that material from the the chimney parts). hearth can drop beneath the home. HEARTHS If shipped loose, install the fireplace hearth according to the fireplace manufacturer's instructions. PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH APPLIANCES / FIXTURES Install kitchen and bath appliances according to the manufacturer's instructions and the described for below. / // procedures each appliance COOKING APPLIANCES Installing exhaust ducts. If the home is provided with a range, cook top and/or grill containing its own exhaust Route exhaust ducts so system that penetrates the floor, complete the exhaust system as follows: they do not terminate be- 1. Remove covers. Remove the cover on the factory -installed exhaust pipe pro- neath the home. truding from beneath the floor near the appliance. 2. Install termination fitting. Secure the provided termination fitting at the outside edge of the floor. 3. Install duct. Use the provided flexible metallic duct to connect the elbow pro- truding from the floor and the termination fitting. Refer to the manufacturer's installation instructions for guidance on supporting the duct and making the connections. SITE -INSTALLED GAS APPLIANCES Install only appliances with a Btu capacity equivalent to or less than the capacity of the factory -installed piping and at the location of a factory -installed gas riser. REFRIGERATOR Prepare the refrigerator as follows: • Remove straps, blocks, or other securement devices used for shipping and patch any resulting marks on floors or walls. • If the refrigerator has an icemaker, check water lines for leaks upon installa- tion and a few days later to make sure no leaks have developed. SITE -INSTALLED APPLIANCES AND FIXTURES If sinks, tubs, showers or other fixtures or appliances are to be site -installed, follow the manufacturer's installation instructions. Use only products listed for use in manufac- tured homes and follow all applicable local codes. m Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. i� Conforms to HUD MHCSS INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING Install exterior lighting according to Figure 88 and the following: 1. Remove cover. Remove the screws and cover from electrical junction box. 2. Install flash ring. Place the non combustible flash ring over the junction box. 3. Connect wires. Connect fixturelwires to house wires in the box, black to black, white to white, and equipment ground to equipment ground, using listed wire connectors. Push wires into the box. i 4. Connect fixtures. Connect thel fixture to the junction box or strap using screws provided with the light fixture. 5. Weatherproof. Weatherproof/caulk around the base of the fixture, leaving a small gap in the caulking on the bottom to permit drainage of water that may accumulate. ' 6. Complete installation. Install bulb and globe on the fixture and verify proper operation. I Wire From Swirh Non•Combust]W (If Required) Fixture Camp/ — Globe INSTALL CEILING FAN Install ceiling fans no closer than ter of the fan to the center of the i six feet -four inches above the fin tions and the requirements beloy Wire From Nut Swith — Pigtail for Ground Cork* Wire Junction Box Wire to other F6aie o/LIGHTS 4 inches to a smoke alarm, measured from the cen- larm and with the trailing edges of the blades at least hed floor. Comply with all unit manufacturer's instruc- CEILING FAN/LIGHT MOUNTED TO FACTORY -INSTALLED ELECTRICAL BOX IN CEILING Before installing the unit, makelsure that adequate structural bracing is present in the ceiling. If uncertain, check withlthe manufacturer. Follow the fan or light manufacturer's instructions to connect the unitland complete the wiring. If the instructions are not available, connect the wiring ai shown in Figure 89. l ) ( I I Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. i ' // Lighting installation. A qualified electrician should install lighting. Before con- necting lighting, disconnect power to the lighting circuit. Ground all exterior light fix- tures. Using a non-combustible ring. Install a non- combustible ring completely covering any combustable surfaces the fixtures may be mounted on (e.g. hard- board, clad wood and vinyl siding), or when ceiling ma- terial is exposed between the light fixture canopy and the junction box. Figure 88. Exterior lighting connection V&0FzzA Installing ceiling fans. A qualified electrician should install lighting and fans. Be- fore connecting the ceiling fan or light, disconnect power to the fan wires. Any unit installed outside of the home (such as in a porch ceiling) shall be listed for wet locations. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 92 Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Ground Wife Figure 89. Wiring for a ceil- ing fan or chain -hung light fixture with a maximum Wires Color coded Ground weight of 35 /bs SVap Wire Nut / eiling Ceiling Box, n I �, Mounting Limited or Screw Noncombustible Ring (If Required) Chain CEILING FAN/LIGHT MOUNTED ON SITE -INSTALLED DECORATIVE BEAM Where the electrical box will be mounted in a site -installed decorative center beam at- / tached to the ridge beam, connect the fixture as follows (see Figure 90): • A 1. Cut hole. If the decorative beam (shipped loose) does not contain a precut Choosing ceiling fan junc- hole for the electrical box, cut a hole with a diameter approximately 1/4 inch tion boxes. Connect ceil- larger than the box's using a hole saw. Align the hole with the supply wire lo- ing fans only to junction cation and center on the beam. boxes listed and marked for 2. Install box. Install the box in the hole and secure the flange (plastic boxes ceiling fan application in only) to the decorative beam with four #6 x 1" screws. accordance with Article 3. Insert wire. Insert the ceiling wire through a knock -out hole in the side of the 314.27(b) of 2005 NEC. Always ground metal junc- electrical box. It may be necessary to cut a notch in the top of the decorative tion boxes. beam (on the supply wire side of the center beam hole) allowing the supply wire to be inserted into the electrical box without binding against the beam Selecting fan weight. Do during installation. Leave approximately four inches of wire free in the box. not use any ceiling fans or 4. Attach beam. Secure the decorative beam in place over the center line joint, light fixtures that exceed the weight rating of the box checking that the supply wire is not pinched or penetrated by beam fasteners. (35 Ibs unless otherwise Secure the electrical box to the ridge beam with #8 x 2 1/2" wood screws noted). through the two holes in the top of the box. 5. Strip wires. Strip about 3/4 inch of insulation from the white and black con- Grounding electrical de- vices. Ground fans/lights ductor ends of the supply wire. using a fixture -grounding 6. Position ring. Position the non-combustible flash ring (provided) over the device or a fixture - electrical box so that the finished surface (adjacent to electrical box) which is grounding wire as specified to be covered by the fan canopy is not exposed. in the manufacturer's in- 7. Install and wire unit. Follow the unit manufacturer's installation instructions structions. for mounting the fan/light assembly to the box and for electrical wiring. Use provided electrical connectors for splicing wire. Figure 90. Ceiling fan/light mounted to flush ridge beam dge Beam Ceiling ----.2x6 Center Beam - Shipped Loose for Field Installation I I Supply wire Coiled And I I Hole for Box Cut Through 2x6 Secured for Shipment (May Be Cut In Plant orinField) Notch Beam at Hole if Necessary for Wire Chase Secure Box to Ridge Beam (field installed) Secure Box to 2x6Center Beam (field -installed) Electrical Box Wire Inserted in Field 1 Side KnockoutofBox Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. Conforms to HUD MHCSS i 10/20/08 _ . TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEM After completion of all electrical wiring and connections, including crossovers, appli- ances, lights, and ceiling fans, inspect and test the electrical system as follows: 1. Fill water heater. Fill water heater before turning on power to the home or switching on the circuit breaker. 2. Test continuity. Before turningon the electrical power to the home, conduct an electrical continuity test to ensure that exposed metallic parts of the home and the chassis are effectively) bonded. 3. Test operation. After turning on the electrical power to the home, conduct operational tests of all devices (except water heaters, electric ranges, electric furnaces, dishwashers, clothes washers/dryers, and portable appliances) to demonstrate that they are connected and in working order. 4. Test polarity. After turning on the electrical power to the home, conduct elec- trical polarity checks to determine that connections of electrical equipment in- stalled or completed during installation have been made properly. Visual veri- fication is an acceptable electrical polarity check. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 93 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 94 to 10/20/08 Complete Exterior Work This chapter covers sealing the bottom board, installing the ground cover and skirting, preparing wind protection shutters, and completing site -built structures. STEP 1. REPAIR AND SEAL BOTTOM BOARD (p. 94) STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER (p. 94) STEP 3 INSTALL SKIRTING (p. 95) STEP 4 ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND PROTECTION SHUTTERS (p. 95) STEP 5. COMPLETE SITE -BUILT STRUCTURES (p. 95) STEP 1. REPAIR AND SEAL BOTTOM BOARD Tears and openings in the bottom board can result from transportation or installation / // activities. Inspect for holes and gaps the entire bottom board, especially areas around service penetrations, crossover connections, pipe and duct hangers, foundation ele- Sealing bottom boards. A ments, and the perimeter of the floor. Using approved materials appropriate for the type continuous and sealed bot- of repair, repair the bottom board wherever torn or loosened as follows: tom board is critical for 1. Insulate. Replace any missing insulation prior to closure and repair of the bot- home performance, energy tom board, paying particular attention to insulation gaps that may have been efficiency, protection created at P-traps. against moisture problems, 2. Repair large openings. Repair large openings with a durable patch made of prevention of pipe freezing, bottom board fabric or other compatible material and fastened with vinyl bot- and protection against in - tom board tape held in place by fasteners installed with a divergent stapler. sects and rodents. Seal the edges around patches with foam or mastic. For large openings, in- Bottom board sealing stall a rigid backer board behind the bottom board to provide a fastening sub- methods. Tapes shall strate for the patch. never be used alone to re- 3. Repair small openings. Repair small gaps and tears with a combination of pair a bottom board. Diver - vinyl bottom board tape, patches, mastic, or foam sealant. gent staples or mastic must be used in tandem with STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER tape to prevent future tear If the space under the home is to be enclosed with skirting or other materials, a ground off. moisture retarder of a minimum six mil thick polyethylene sheeting or equivalent must Fastening vinyl siding. Do be installed covering the ground under the home. Moisture retarders are not required in not install fasteners directly and regions (less than 15 inches of rainfall annually) with dry soil conditions. If on- into vinyl siding. Allow for grade (surface) footings are used, install the ground moisture retarder prior to placing siding thermal expansion the footings, or install it around the footings after all other work under the home is com- by pre -drilling minimum 1/2 plete. inch diameter fastener holes or fastening skirting Install the ground moisture retarder as follows: to a ledger under the home 1. Apply sheeting. Unroll the ground moisture overlapping joints in the sheeting. a (see Best Practice tip). minimum of 12 inches and covering the entire area under the home except for areas under recessed entries, decks, and porches. 2. Seal joints. Seal joints in the retarder with mastic. @Avoiding 3. Weigh down. To keep the retarder in place, weigh it down with stones, concrete radon. blocks, or other heavy, durable materials. For enclosed perimeter wall 4. Repair tears. Repair any voids or tears in the retarder by patching with like ma- crawlspace foundations in terial, maintaining a minimum 12-inch overlap and sealing joints with mastic. areas where radon is com- monly found in the soil, continue the moisture re- tarder up the perimeter wall Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. i I i PAr 6) Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 STEP 3. INSTALL SKIRTING Skirting is any structural or non-structural perimeter crawlspace enclosure. Complete site -built structures (see STEP S. COMPLETE SITE -BUILT STRUCTURES, p.96) that abut the home (such as porches, attached garages, and steps) prior to installing skirt- ing. I TABLE 35. ANCHOR SYSTEM MATERIALS SPECIFICATIONS Skirting must be of weather -resistant materials or provided with protection against weather deterioration at least equivalent to that provided by a coat- ing of zinc on steel of not less than 0.30 oz per sq ft of surface coated. Skirting made from wood or wood products and used within six inches of the ground needs to be made of materials naturally resistant to decay and termite infestation or pressure treated. Ventilation openings must be covered for their full height and width with a perforated (1/4 inch maximum opening in any dimension) corrosion and weather -resistant covering that is designed to prevent the entry of rodents. In areas subject to freezing, the coverings for the ventilation openings must have an operable damper, permitting them to be in the open or closed posi- tion depending on the weather. To design and install skirting, comply with the skirting manufacturer's instructions (if provided) and the following: ! 1. Configure skirting. Run the skirting along the perimeter of the home's heated, conditioned space Do not enclose with skirting areas under recessed entries, porches, or decks (whether constructed as part of the home or added on site) unless skirting is of the fully vented type and installed so as to allow water to freely flow out from under the home. 2. Fasten skirting. Recess the skirting under the siding or trim and attach it to the home in a manner that prevents water from being trapped between the siding or trim and the skirting. For wood, aluminum, or fiberglass skirting, in- stall a skirt rail (lumber sIirip) under the floor inset at least 1-1/2 inches from the edge of the siding for attachment of the skirting. Allow for frost heave when installing skirting m areas subject to frost. 3. Provide ventilation. Unless the skirting has integral ventilation openings that meet the following ventilation requirements, install equally sized ventilation openings on at least two opposite sides of the foundation. Size ventilation area to equal at least one square foot or each' 150 square feet of under -floor area (or for each 1,500 square feet if a ground moisture retarder is installed according to STEP 2.'NSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER, p. 94). Place vents as high above the ground as practical. 4. Install access. Provide an access opening not less than 18 inches wide and 24 inches high and located so that any utility connections located under the home are accessible! 5. Extend vents, drains, and inlets. Run appliance exhaust vents, combustion air inlets, and air conditioner condensation drains through the skirting to the outside and terminate each as instructed in the sections of this manual corre- sponding to each appliance. STEP 4. ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND PROTECTION SHUT- TERS If desired, prepare temporary protective window covers for use during severe wind storms and hurricanes according to Figure 91, Table 36, and the procedure below. i 1. Assemble extension framing using with two 16d common nails at each con- nection. 1 2. Assemble shutter panels as shown in Figure 91. 3. Store the shutters such that they are protected from the weather, are not in di- rect contact with�the ground, and are easily accessible by the homeowner. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. i i I i I I PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. at least 12 inches, sealing the edges and between the seams with mastic. Attaching vinyl siding. To install skirting on vinyl - sided homes, screw a treated 2 x 4 on edge to the underside of the floor joists two inches back from the edge of the home. Screw skirting tight to the 2 x 4. ' // Avoid backfilling against skirting. Do not backfill against non-structural skirt- ing. M ., To attach shutters to the home: 1. Fasten extension framing to wall framing materials with 16d double -headed nails or #8 x 3" screws, toe nailed/screwed, per Table 36. 2. Fasten assembled panel(s) to extension framing with 12d nails, per Table 36. After use, remove shutters from the home, patch nail holes with caulk and store them as above. cut It Deshed 11 A ppmx. 1° APProx.30 Degrees Extension Fe SPFtp ,�5%� / ,I . or Slud Grade SPF 2x3 or2x4 TABLE 36. SHUTTER CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICA' 2 x 3* 7/16, 112 6 in. o.c. 2 x 3 23/32, 3/4 6 in. o.c. . 2 x 3* 7/16, 1/2 4 in. o.c. 2 x 3 perimeter extension with 2 x 4 studding at 16 inches o.c. SecureoSB or Plywood to Studding With 12d Nails at E O.C. 2A N2 SPF Studding, Reciuoed When Plywood or OSB Used Is Y,' or Less In Thickness Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Figure 91. Wind protection shutter construction 8 in. o.c. 22 in. o.c. 6 in. o.c. 16 in. o.c. 8 in. o.c. 22 in. o.c. 4-1/2 in. o.c. 12 in. o.c. 5 in, o.c. 14 in. o.c. STEP 5. COMPLETE SITE -BUILT STRUCTURES Install site -built structures such as steps, landings, garages, awnings, carports, breezeways, porches, decks, railings, sheds, and utility rooms according to manufac- turer's instructions (if any), in compliance with all local regulations including fire separa- tion and electrical requirements, and according to the following: • Do not obstruct any of the two required exit doors from the home. • Construct site -built structures to be structurally independent unless provided for in the design of the home (instructions will be provided by the manufac- turer). • Do not damage the integrity of the home's structural or weatherproofing sys- tem. Seal any weatherproofing connections between the site -built structure and the home and flash any roof connections. • Utilize only GFCI outlets for site -built structures. • Install and test smoke alarms in any site -built structures according to local code. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 3 in. o.c. 8 in. o.c. i // Designing site -built struc- tures. All site -built struc- tures must support their own dead, live, and wind loads and must not transmit any loads to the home's structure. All car- ports should be freestand- ing. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. (51 is to Prepare Home Follow these steps for final inspection an HUD MHI 10/20/08 or Occupancy pletion of the home. ® STEP 1.VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION (A/C) INSPECTION (p. 97) e STEP 2. COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST (p. 97) S STEP 3. COMPLETE ENERGY STAR CHECKLIST (p. 97) STEP 4. CLEAN THE HOME (p. 97) STEP 1. VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION (A/C) IN- SPECTION ! This is normally the responsibility of ttie retailer and the manufacturer, however, the in- stallation is not complete until the alternative construction inspection has been passed and documented. STEP 2. COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST After all previous steps have been accomplished, inspect the home to verify that it has been completely and properly instal�ed using the checklist starting on p. 98. Correct any deficiencies found, if possible, or if not possible, inform the retailer or manufacturer immediately. I STEP 3. COMPLETE EN RGY STAR CHECKLIST For ENERGY STAR qualified homes (check with the retailer or manufacturer), this step is to be completed by the manufacturer's designated representative. Ask the retailer or the manufacturer who this is. The manufacturer's representative must complete the Energy Star Site Installation Checklist, obtain signatures on t1le ENERGY STAR label, and return the completed ENERGY STAR Site Installation, Checklist to the manufacturing plant. STEP 4. CLEAN THE HOME Remove and properly dispose of all installation -generated dust, debris, and packaging materials from the home and thle surrounding property. Ensure that the home is in "move -in" condition. 9/22/08 Palm WA PFS certifies this document is current as of 11103/14. Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Complete Installation Checklist Use this checklist to confirm that the listed aspects of the installation are complete and correct. FOUNDATION Footings properly sized and constructed for the soil conditions i // Pier spacing per data plate and applicable table and roof load zone Piers properly constructed and vertical Limits of the checklist. Thischecklist is not all-inclusive. Perimeter blocking installed (if required) Some homes have impor- Piers at each side of large sidewall openings tant features not listed here. Completing this Center line piers installed at columns checklist does not guaran- Shims in place and tight tee that all installation re- quirements have been met. ANCHORS ' Approved anchors are used Anchors are installed at correct angles Anchor spacing and installation correct Longitudinal ties installed (if required) Anchor straps are tensioned UNDER THE HOME Moisture retarder installed The ground is properly graded to prevent water accumulation HVAC ducts are supported off the ground and connected tightly to collars at all ends Fireplace combustion air intake free and unrestricted No holes or tears in bottom board Skirting has been installed per manufacturer's instructions with proper vent- ing and provision for frost heave Dryer vent, range/cook top exhaust, water heater temperature and pressure overflow pipe and AC condensate drain installed to perimeter of crawl space EXTERIOR Shingled roofs are free of visible damage and serious defects and there are no missing or loose shingles Shingle close-up and ridge cap have been completed per applicable details All hold down straps on shingled roofs have been removed and staple holes have been properly sealed Penetrations at roof stacks, vents and chimneys have been properly sealed Siding and trim is free of gaps, voids, missing fasteners, damage, and seri- ous defects. All seams are sealed and hardboard edges are sealed Drip edge and fascia is properly installed and free of damage and serious de- fects Gutters and downspouts are installed properly such that water is diverted away from the home Trees and bushes have been trimmed to prevent brushing against the home in windy conditions or under snow loads The HUD label is exposed, intact and legible The exterior of the home and immediate surroundings is clean, clear of con- struction materials, dust, and debris Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. INTERIOR Ceilings, walls, and floor c Carpeting is properly streti All trim and molding is inst All cabinets, countertops, 1 window coverings are free All cabinet doors and dray% All interior and exterior do( One window in each bedrc operating instruction label; All temporary shipping har Floors are level The data plate is intact a Smoke alarms have been The interior of the home is WATER AND DRAIN SYSTEMS Crossover and service correct materials Water and drain lines Pipe supports are inst Proper slope has bee All necessary inspecti All sinks, basins, tubs All hot and cold water, ter as labeled, and op I ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS I I (8, LS to 10/20/08 ngs are free from damage and serious defects �d and seamed A properly and free of damage and defects inbing fixtures, appliances, furnishings, and damage or serious defects s work properly and windows open, close, and latch properly i meets emergency egress requirements, has i it, and operates properly are has been removed d legible tested clean, clear of materials, dust, and debris and splices have been properly made with are insulated or otherwise protected from freezing allled and properly spaced ri maintained on all drain lines ons and tests have been performed and toilets operate properly lines are properly connected to fixtures, dispense wa- erate properly The panel amperage matches the connection to the home The home has beef properly grounded The main power supply has been properly connected and tested by a li- censed electrician) All electrical crossovers have been connected All receptacles, sv itches, and light fixtures operate properly Ground fault circuit interrupters operate properly All exterior lights have been properly installed GAS/FUEL OIL SYSTEMS The gas systergipressure test has been conducted Connections between units are properly made with access as required The main fuel line has been properly connected and tested by a qualified technician I APPLIANCE OPERATING AND VENTING All appliances are working properly Appliance venting is in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions Fresh air intakes are properly installed I Whole house, kitchen, and bath exhaust fan operation are correct Fireplace chimney stack extension and roof cap have been installed in ac- cordance with the manufacturer's instructions r Homes, Inc. M PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03114. i� 'onforms to 10/20/08 Air conditioner/heat pump is sized properly MISCELLANEOUS Installation/anchoring certificates or seals have been issued and installed (if required) Owner's and operation manuals are available for all appliances This installation manual is left with home Palm Harbor Homes, 100 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 8 HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Index of Steps INTRODUCTION ..................... ..................... ................................................."".........2 IMPORTANTNOTICES...............1.............................................................................................................2 SAFETY................................................................................................................................................... 2 RESOURCES............................................................................................................................................. FEDERALPREEMPTION.........................................................................................................................3 2 .......................................................................................:................................................. DEFINITIONS ............................ 3 ENGINEER'S STAMP...............I................................................................................................................4 i SYMBOLS USED IN THE MANUAL ......................................................................................................... 5 ABBREVIATIONS....................:................................................................................................................. 5 i ALTERNATIVE FOUNDATION SYSTEMS............................................................................................... DISPLAY AND STORAGE OFTHE HOME.............................................................................................. 5 5 GETTINGSTARTED...............................................................................................7 STEP 1. LOCATE THE DATA PLATE ...................................................................................................... 7 STEP2. CONFIRM WIND ZONE............................................................................................................... 7 STEP 3. CONFIRM THERMAL ZONE....................................................................................................... 8 STEP 4. CONFIRM ROOF -LOAD ZONE................................................................................................... 9 i STEP 5. CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS....................................................................10 PREPARETHE SITE.................................................................................................12 STEP1. PLAN SITE ACCESS..................................................................................................................12 I STEP 2. DETERMINE HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT........................................................................12 I STEP 3. CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE.................................................................................................13 STEP 4. DETERMINE SOUL CONDITION.................................................................................................13 STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL -BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE...................................................14 STEP 6. DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR HOLDING CAPACITY..........................................................15 INSTALLFOOTINGS............................................................................................17 STEP 1. DESIGN POINTjrLOAD SUPPORTS........................................................................................... STEP 2. DESIGN FRAM SUPPORTS (Homes Without Perimeter Blocking) ...................................... STEP 3. DESIGN FRAI E AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS (Homes With Perimeter Blocking) ............. 20 20 21 STEP 4. SELECT FOOTING MATERIALS................................................................................................ I 22 22 STEP5. SIZE FOOTINGS......................................................................................................................... STEP6. INSTALL F06TINGS..................................................................................................................25 CONSTRUCTFOUNDATIONS.................................................................................27 STEP 1. OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN........:...................................................................................27 STEP2. EXCAVATE!................................................................................................................................ 27 i STEP 3. CONSTRUCT THE FOOTING OR SLAB.................................................................................... 27 STEP 4. CONSTRUCT THE PERIMETER WALL.....................................................................................27 I STEP 5. INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS............................................................................................... 28 I STEP 6. WATERPROOF FOUNDATION WALL........................................................................................28 STEP 7. BACKFILLIAND GRADE............................................................................................................ 28 SETTHE HOME.......................................................................................................29 STEP1. PREPARE FOR SET................................................................................................................... 29 1 STEP2. POSITION HOME SECTION....................................................................................................... 29 STEP3. LIFT HOME.................................................................................................................................. 29 STEP 4. CONSTRUCT PIERS................................................................................................................... 31 COMPLETE MULTI -SECTION SET..........................................................................35 STEP 1. INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE ANCHORS..................................................................................... 35 m Harbor Homes, Inc. 101 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. 102 is to - STEP 2. REMOVE PROTECTIVE SHIPPING MATERIALS...................................................................... 10/20/08 35 STEP 3. COMPLETE HINGED ROOF....................................................................................................... 35 STEP 4. REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE GASKET................................................................... 36 STEP 5. POSITION ADDITIONAL HOME SECTIONS.............................................................................. 36 STEP 6. CONNECT FLOORS................................................................................................................... 37 STEP7. CONNECT ROOF......................................................................................................................... 38 STEP8. CONNECT WALLS..................................................................................................................... 40 STEP 9. ATTACH TAG UNITS..................................................................................................................41 STEP 10. REMOVE TEMPORARY ITEMS................................................................................................42 STEP 11. FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION..........................................................................................42 STEP 12. BACKFILL AND GRADE.......................................................................................................... 42 STEP 13. BUILD STAIRS..........................................................................................................................42 COMPLETE ROOF AND EXTERIOR WALLS..........................................................43 STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF......................................................................................................................43 STEP 2. COMPLETE TAG UNIT ROOF.................................................................................................... 45 STEP 3. COMPLETE SIDE WALLS..........................................................................................................47 CONNECT CROSSOVERS.......................................................................................48 STEP 1. CONNECT DUCTS......................................................................................................................48 STEP 2. CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS................................................................................. 50 STEP 3. INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING............................................................................................ 53 STEP 4. CONNECT WATER LINES.......................................................................................................... 53 STEP 5. CONNECT DRAIN, WASTE, AND VENT LINES........................................................................ 54 STEP 6. CONNECT GAS LINES............................................................................................................... 56 STEP 7. CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING.................................................................. 57 COMPLETE THE INTERIOR....................................................................................58 STEP 1. ALIGN MARRIAGE WALLS........................................................................................................ 58 STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BOARD........................................................................................................... 58 STEP 3. COMPLETE WALL AND CEILING FINISHES............................................................................ 58 STEP 4. COMPLETE CARPET................................................................................................................. 59 STEP 5. COMPLETE TRIM....................................................................................................................... 59 STEP 6. INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS................................................................................................... 59 INSTALL STABILIZING SYSTEM............................................................................60 STEP 1. DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS.........................................................................................60 STEP 2. DETERMINE TIE -DOWN CONFIGURATION.............................................................................. 69 STEP 3. SELECT ANCHORS.................................................................................................................... 69 STEP4. INSTALL ANCHORS................................................................................................................... 70 STEP5. INSTALL STRAPS...................................................................................................................... 71 STEP 6. TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS.............................................................................................. 74 CONNECT UTILITIES...............................................................................................75 STEP 1. CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE...........................................................................................75 STEP 2. CONNECT WATER SERVICE.................................................................................................... 78 STEP 3. CONNECT GAS SERVICE.......................................................................................................... 81 STEP 4. CONNECT OIL SERVICE............................................................................................................ 82 PREPARE APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT..........................................................84 INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT PUMP...................................................................................... 84 PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM.................................................................................................................85 INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT..................................................................85 PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM......................................................................................................... 86 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. PFS#°5 ® Conforms to 10/20/08 PREPARE FUEL -BURNING WATER HEATER........................................................................................86 PREPARECLOTHES DRYER ................................................................................................................ 87 i PREPARESMOKE ALARMS.......1........................................................................................................... 87 ............ 1............................................................................................................ PREPARE FIREPLACES .............. 88 PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH�APPLIANCES / FIXTURES.................................................................90 INSTALLEXTERIOR LIGHTING.!.............................................................................................................91 INSTALL CEILING FANS AND LIGHTING............................................................................................... 91 TESTELECTRICAL SYSTEM................................................................................................................... 93 I COMPLETEEXTERIOR WORK...............................................................................94 STEP 1. REPAIR AND SEAL BOTTOM BOARD..................................................................................... 1 94 STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER............................................................................94 STEP3. INSTALL SKIRTING..!................................................................................................................. 95 STEP 4. ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND PROTECTION SHUTTERS...................................................... 95 STEP 5. COMPLETE SITE-BUi ILT STRUCTURES................................................................................... 96 PREPARE HOME FC STEP 1. VERIFY ALT STEP 2. COMPLETE STEP 3. COMPLETE STEP 4. CLEAN THE 'AN CY..................................................................... 97 ONSTRUCTION (A/C) INSPECTION................................................97 CHECKLIST..................................................................................... 97 4RCHECKLIST.................................................................................97 ........................................................................................................... 97 COMPLETE INSTALLATION CHECKLIST..............................................................98 9/22/08 I Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 103 PFS certifies this document is current as of 11/03/14. PALM HARBOR HOMES BUILDING CENTER LOCATIONS AUSTIN 830 Bastrop Hwy Austin, TX 78741 (800) 880-7923 PLANT CITY 605 S. Frontage Rd. Plant City, FL 33563-9934 (800) 729-4363 OCALA Chariot Eagle, Inc. 931 N. W. 37th Ave. Ocala, FL 34475 (352) 629-7007 FT. WORTH Masterpiece Housing 6901 Bowman Roberts Rd. Ft. Worth, TX 76179 (888) 424-6636 MILLERSBURG 3737 Palm Harbor Drive Millersburg, OR 97321 (800) 928-2083