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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................:...............1
IMPORTANTNOTICES...............................................................................................................................1
SAFETY...................................................................................................................................................1
RESOURCES...........................................................................................................................................1
FEDERALPREEMPTION ...............................� ....................................... ......................................................2
DEFINITIONS.................................................. .............................................................................................2
ENGINEER'S STAMP..........................................................................................................................3
SYMBOLS USED IN THE MANUAL ..........................................................................................................4
ABBREVIATIONS..........................................:i .............................................................................................4
ALTERNATIVE TIE -DOWN AND/OR FOUNDATION SYSTEMS...............................................................5
DISPLAYAND STORAGE OF THE HOME................................................................................................5
GETTINGSTARTED...........................:..................................................................... 6
STEP1 LOCATE THE DATA PLATE................................................................................................6
STEP 2. CONFIRM WIND ZONE............................................................................................................6
STEP 3. CONFIRM THERMAL ZONE ................................................................................................7
STEP4. CONFIRM ROOF -LOAD ZONE................................................................................................8
STEP 5. CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS..................................................................9
I
i
PREPARETHE SITE..............................................................................................10
STEP 1. PLAN SITE ACCESS ................... .......... :................................................................................ 10
STEP 2. DETERMINE HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT.....................................................................10
STEP3. CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE.............................................................................................11
STEP 4. DETERMINE SOIL CONDITIONS! ............................................................................................11
STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL -BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE...............................................12
i
STEP 6. DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR HOLDING CAPACITY......................................................14
INSTALL FOOTINGS .......................... :...................................................................
15
STEP 1.
DESIGN POINT LOAD SUPPORTS........................................................................................15
i
STEP 2.
DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS (Homes Without Perimeter Blocking)..................................19
STEP 3.
DESIGN FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS (Homes With Perimeter Blocking) .........20
STEP 4.
SELECT FOOTING MATERIALS ............................................ :............................................... 22
STEP5.
SIZE FOOTINGS......................................................................................................................22
STEP 6.
INSTALL FOOTINGS..................!..........................................................................................24
CONSTRUCT FOUNDATIONS...............................................................................
26
STEP 1.
i
OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN.........................................................................................26
STEP2.
EXCAVATE.............................................................................................................................26
STEP 3.
CONSTRUCT THE FOOTING OR SLAB.................................................................................26
STEP 4.
CONSTRUCT THE PERIMETER WALL..................................................................................26
STEP 5.
i
INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS............................................................................................27
STEP 6.
DAMP PROOF FOUNDATION WALL.....................................................................................27
STEP 7.
BACKFILL AND GRADE............:............................................................................................27
F °
Manufacturer's Installation Manual June 2015
Conforms to
HUD MHCSS
4/27/15
SETTHE HOME .................... ...................................................................................28
I
STEP 1. PREPARE FOR SET...............................................................................................................28
STEP 2. POSITION HOME SECTION....................................................................................................28
STEP 3. LIFT HOME.............................................................................................................................28
STEP 4. CONSTRUCT PIERS...............................................................................................................30
COMPLETE MULTI -SECTION SET.........................................................................34
STEP 1.
MARRIAGE LINE ANCHORS
..................................................................................................34
STEP 2.
REMOVE PROTECTIVE
SHIPPING MATERIALS..................................................................34
STEP 3.
COMPLETE HINGED
ROOF...................................................................................................34
STEP 4.
REPAIR OR INSTALL
MARRIAGE LINE GASKET................................................................36
STEP 5.
POSITION ADDITIONAL
HOME SECTIONS..........................................................................37
STEP6.
CONNECT FLOORSI
................................................................................................................37
STEP 7.
CONNECT ROOF ....
...............................................................................................................39
STEP8.
CONNECT WALLS..................................................................................................................40
STEP 9.
ATTACH TAG UNITS
OR (AC) GARAGE...............................................................................42
STEP 10.
REMOVE TEMPORARY
ITEMS..............................................................................................43
STEP 11.
FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION
1
........................................................................................43
STEP 12.
BACKFILL AND GRADE
.........................................................................................................43
STEP 13.
BUILD STAIRS........1
...............................................................................................................43
COMPLETE ROOF AND EXTERIOR WALLS.........................................................44
STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF...............................................................................................................44
STEP 2. COMPLETE TAG UNIT ROOF................................................................................................46
1
STEP 3. COMPLETE SIDE WALLS......................................................................................................48
CONNECT CROSSOVERS...!..................................................................................49
STEP 1.
CONNECT DUCTS .............................................................................................49
STEP 2.
CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS..............................................................................51
STEP 3.
I
INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING.........................................................................................54
STEP 4.
CONNECT WATER LINES......................................................................................................54
STEP 5.
CONNECT DRAIN, V ASTE, AND VENT LINES.....................................................................55
STEP 6.
CONNECT GAS LINES...........................................................................................................57
STEP 7.
i
CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING...............................................................57
STEP 8.
i
CONNECT HOT WATER BASEBOARD HEAT......................................................................57
COMPLETETHE INTERIOR!..................................................................................58
STEP 1. ALIGN MARRIAGE V
STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BO
STEP 3. COMPLETE WALL A
STEP 4. COMPLETE CARPEL
STEP 5. COMPLETE TRIM.....
STEP 6. INSTALL SHIP LOO:
INSTALL STABILIZING
4LLS.................................................................................................... 58
,RD....................................................................................................... 58
ID CEILING FINISHES........................................................................59
............................................................................................................. 59
............................................................................................................. 59
ITEMS...............................................................................................59
EM...........................................................................60
STEP 1. DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS.....................................................................................60
STEP 2. DETERMINE TIE -DOWN CONFIGURATION..........................................................................65
li Manufacturer's Installation Manual -June 2015 MANUTACTUFFU .lAUTIlULLY`
1%00Conforms to
HUD MHCSS
0 4/27/15
STEP 3. SELECT ANCHORS...............................................................................................................66
STEP 4. INSTALL ANCHORS...............................................................................................................66
STEP 5. INSTALL STRAPS..................................................................................................................67
i
STEP 6. TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS..........................................................................................70
CONNECT UTILITIES.............................................................................................
I
71
STEP 1. CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE.......................................................................................71
STEP 2. CONNECT WATER SERVICE................................................................................................74
STEP 3. CONNECT GAS SERVICE
STEP 4. CONNECT OIL SERVICE.........................................................................................................78.
PREPARE APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT.........................................................
79
INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT P712.......................................................................................79
PREPAREHEATING SYSTEM ..................i'..........................................................................................80
INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT..................................................................80
PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM ....................................................... ............. ......................81
PREPARE FUEL -BURNING WATER HEATER........................................................................................81
INSTALL EVAPORATIVE COOLER............1.............................................................................................82
PREPARE CLOTHES DRYER..................................................................................................................83
PREPARE SMOKE ALARMS.. I..........................................................................................84
............................. :...................................................................................
PREPARE FIREPLACES .........84
PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH APPLIANCES 1 FIXTURES.................................................................86
INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING..................1............................................................................................87
INSTALL CEILING FANS AND LIGHTING..! ............................................................................................87
TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEM. I .............................................................. ............................ 88
COMPLETE EXTERIOR WORK.........I.................................................................... 89
STEP 1.
REPAIR AND SEAL BOTTOM BOARD..................................................................................89
I
STEP 2.
INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER.........................................................................89
STEP 3.
INSTALL SKIRTING...................I............................................................................................90
STEP 4.
ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND P+I ROTECTION SHUTTERS...................................................91
-STEP 5.
COMPLETE SITE -BUILT STRUCTURES...............................................................................92
PREPARE HOME FOR OCCUPANCY................................................................... 93
STEP 1. VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION (A/C) INSPECTION............................................93
STEP 2. COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST.................................................................................93
STEP 3. COMPLETE ENERGY STAR CHECKLIST.............................................................................93
STEP 4. CLEAN THE HOME .................... I.............................................................................................93
COMPLETE INSTALLATION CHECKLIST............................................................ 94
1
PF�#02
MANUFACTURED Manufacturer's Installation Manual -June 2015 .
Conforms to
HUD MHCSS
4/27/15
Using the Manual
This manual is organized into a series of steps that will take you through the entire installation process using only those pages
required for the specific home being installed. First, review the entire manual, including the Introduction chapter. As you read it,
identify sections of the manual that you will need; identify other documents or information you will need; construct lists of tools
and materials required for your particular installation; and make sure you have everything you need before starting work.
After reviewing the entire manual, refer to the sequence of installation steps in the table below. Identify the pathway for your
installation and follow the arrows downward. Select either Single Section Home or a Multi -Section Home and choose the col-
umn corresponding to the home's foundation type, either Pier and Ground Anchor or Load -Bearing Perimeter Wall (see Def-
initions, p. 2). Then complete the work in each of the sections starting with Getting Started.
If using an alternative (proprietary) foundation system, the installation process will change from that described in this manual.
Consult the system manufacturer directions Ifor instructions. See page 5 for alternative foundation system criteria.
SECTION11
SINGLE •ME MULTI -SECTION HOME
Pier and Ground Anchor
Load -Bearing Perimeter Wall Pier and Ground Anchor
Load -Bearing Perimeter Wall
Getting Started (p. 6) Getting Started (p. 6) Getting Started (p. 6)
Getting Started (p. 6)
Prepare the Site (p. 10) Prepare the Site (p. 10) Prepare the Site (p. 10)
Prepare the Site (p. 10)
Install Footings (p. 15) i Construct Foundation (p. 26) Install Footings (p. 15)
Construct Foundation (p. 26)
Set the Home (p. 28) Connect Utilities (p. 71) Set the Home (p. 28)
Complete Roof and
♦ ♦ ♦
Exterior Walls (p. 44)
Install Stabilizing System Prepare Appliances and Complete Multi -Section
(p. 60) Equipment (p. 79) Set (p. 34)
Connect Crossovers (p. 49)
Connect Utilities (p. 71) Complete Under the Complete Roof and
Complete Interior (p. 58)
♦ Home and Site Built Exterior Walls (p. 44)
Prepare Appliances and Structures (p. 89) ♦
Connect Utilities (p. 71)
Equipment (p. 79) ♦ Connect Crossovers (p. 49)
♦ Prepare Home for ♦'
Prepare Appliances and
Complete Under the Home Occupancy (p. 93) Complete Interior (p. 58)
Equipment (p. 79)
and Site Built Structures
(p. 89) Complete Installation Install Stabilizing System
Complete Under the Home
♦ Checklist (p. 94) (p. 60)
and Site Built Structures
Prepare Home for ♦
(p• 89)
Occupancy (p. 93) Connect Utilities (p. 71)
♦ ♦
Prepare Home for
Complete Installation Prepare Appliances and
Occupancy (p. 93)
Checklist (p. 94) Equipment (p. 79)
♦
Complete Installation
Complete Under the Home
Checklist (p. 94)
and Site Built Structures
(p. 89)
Prepare Home for
Occupancy (p. 93)
Complete Installation
Checklist (p. 94)
Disclaimer
The Manufactured Housing Research Alliance, its members, consultants, contractors and representatives make
no representations, warranty
or guarantee, express or implied, as to the accuracy or appropriateness of any materials or information in this
manual for use in a specific
home, nor assume any liability for the use of the information, methods, or materials contained herein, or for
damages arising from any such
use.
Copyright © 2008 Manufactured Housing Research Alliance
ISSN 1529-3424
Iv Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
MANUTACTUIIEU!lAUTIIUIIY`
Introduction
This installation manual contains instructions that must be followed for the proper installation of the home. It complies with
the HUD Model Manufactured Home Installation Standards. Please read all instructions and any other documents (includ-
ing addendum pages and supplements) that may apply to the specific home prior to commencing site work or installation.
This installation manual covers permits and site work through final inspection of the installation. It covers both single and
multi -section homes installed over pier and anchor, load bearing crawl space walls and basement foundations. It contains
instructions, including specifications and procedures, for the set and hookup of manufactured homes to be used as single-
family dwellings.
The importance of correct installation cannot be over emphasized. Correct installation is absolutely essential to home-
owner satisfaction and the structural integrity of the home. All instructions must be followed to provide the customer with a
safe, quality home.
No manual can cover all circumstances that may exist for certain home designs or building sites. For questions, further
clarification, or if you encounter conditions at the site for in the design of the home or its foundation not covered by this
manual, please contact the manufacturer (see Resources, p. 1), a registered engineer, or registered architect.
Supplemental addendum pages may be included with this manual. Supplements include requirements not covered in this
manual or that supersede the manual instructions.
Once the home installation is complete, leave this manual with the home.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
• The home manufacturer is not responsible for installation or for the materials supplied by the set-up crew at the
time of installation. The installer may be responsible for any deviations from the installation instructions of this
manual.
• To keep the home in compliance with its warranty, the home installation must follow the procedures described in
this manual or other procedures approved by the manufacturer. Deviation from the instructions in this manual
may void the home's warranty. Any alterations or changes to the home shall be approved by a registered engi-
neer or registered architect and may still be subject to warranty violations.
• When an installer does not provide support and anchorage in accordance with the approved manufacturer's in-
stallation instructions, or encounters site conditions (such as areas that are subject to flood damage or high
seismic risk) or other conditions that prevent the use of the instructions provided in this manual, the installer
must obtain special site -specific instructions from the manufacturer or use a design approved by a registered
engineer or registered architect.
• The installer must possess a valid installation license as a manufactured home installer.
• If the installer identifies failures of the home to comply with the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and
Safety Standards (the HUD Code), the installer must notify the manufacturer and retailer.
SAFETY
There are potential hazards associated with the installation of a manufactured home. Home installers are licensed, and as
experienced professionals, should recognize these hazards, be qualified to work with them, and be capable of providing
safe work practices and equipment that minimize the risks of injury. ,
Only qualified persons should install a manufactured home. As qualified professionals in the field of manufactured home
installation, installers are the experts and must be aware of the hazards and conditions faced. Warnings are published
throughout this manual as reminders. These reminders may not cover all hazards, all potential hazards, or all possible
consequences of improper or unsafe installation practices.
Construction crews should be trained in the skills required and be supervised by experienced personnel. Installers should
regularly inspect work performed by crews and subcontractors.
Obey OSHA regulations, particularly those related to home construction, such as Title 29 Code of Regulations Part 1926.
For copies of OSHA regulations, call (202) 512-1800 or visit www.osha.uov on the web.
RESOURCES
Manufacturer contact information:
See Back Cover
MANUFACTURED SEAUTIIUIIY• Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
Office of Regulatory Affairs and Manufactured Housing
US Department of Housing and Urban Development
451 Seventh Street, SW, Room 9164
Washington, DC 20410-8000 1
Telephone: (202) 708-6423 or (800) 927-2891
FAX: (202) 708-4213
State Administrative Agencies
A list of SAA's may be found on the web at www.hud.gov or by contacting the Office of Regulatory Affairs and Manu-
factured Housing.
FEDERAL PREEMPTION
This home was engineered, constructe and inspected in conformance with the Federal Manufactured Home Construc-
tion and Safety Standards of the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (24 CFR Part 3280, commonly re-
ferred to as the "HUD Code") in effect on the date of manufacture. These Standards set forth minimum requirements for
the design and construction of manufactured homes designed to be used as dwellings.
Individual states, counties and cities shall have no authority to establish standards regarding the construction or safety of
a manufactured home. A metal certification label is affixed to each section of the home to certify that it has been con-
structed and inspected to comply with these Standards. The design plans and in -plant construction of all homes are in-
spected by independent third party agencies to assure compliance with the Standards.
The installation of the home and any alterations made to the home shall conform to the requirements of the Federal
Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards and the HUD Model Manufactured Home Installation Standards.
These installation instructions are minimum requirements. Applicable local or state laws may have more stringent installa-
tion requirements than outlined in this manual and must be followed. Consult with the local authority having jurisdiction
(LAHJ) for regulations that may require [licenses and/or permits or which may affect procedures described in this manual.
DEFINITIONS
ANCHOR ASSEMBLY. Any device or other means designed to transfer loads to the ground.
ANCHORING EQUIPMENT. Ties, straps, cables, turnbuckles, chains, and other approved components, including tension-
ing devices that are used to secure la manufactured home to anchor assemblies.
ANCHORING SYSTEM. A combination of anchoring equipment and anchor assemblies that will, when properly designed
and installed, resist the uplift, overt u� rning, and lateral forces on the manufactured home.
BASEMENT. A load -bearing perimeter wall foundation that includes habitable space (finished or unfinished, heated or
unheated) partly or completely below grade.
CRAWLSPACE. The space underneath the home's floor system, enclosed with either load- or non -load bearing perimeter
walls. The ground may be covered with a concrete slab or by a plastic ground cover. Crawlspace walls must be vent-
ed.
CROSSOVERS. Utility interconnections between sections of multi -section homes, including heating and cooling ducts,
electrical circuits, and water pipes, drain plumbing, and gas lines.
DATA PLATE. An information sheet loc
cabinet in the kitchen. It contains a
matic zone for which the home was
DIAGONAL TIE. A tie intended to resist
forces.
FOOTING. That portion of the support
GROUND ANCHOR. A specific ancho
at the main electrical panel, in the utility room, in a bedroom closet, or in a
ie identification number and identifies the wind zone, roof load zone, and cli-
or shear forces, but which may resist vertical, uplift, and overturning
that transmits loads directly to the soil.
assembly device designed to transfer home loads to the ground.
H-BEAM. Steel H-beams are often used to support a home over a basement or crawlspace. They span across the foun-
dation from sidewall to sidewall, typically with an intermediate support pier and footing (typically in the center point re-
sulting in a line of piers under the centerline of a double section home).
INFORMATION PACKET. A set of important documents provided with the home including warranties, information on high
wind coverage, and other features of the specific home.
INSTALLATION LICENSE. The proof that an installer meets the requirements for installing manufactured homes under
the HUD -administered installation Drooram.
s Installation Manual - June 2015 1 M... 1A.-ED EEAUTIiUIIY
LABELED. Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of a certified
testing laboratory, inspection agency, or other an organization concerned with product evaluation. The label indicates
compliance with nationally recognized standards or tests to determine suitable usage in a specified manner.
LISTED OR CERTIFIED. Included in a list published by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency,.or
other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equip-
ment or materials, and whose listing states either that the equipment or material meets nationally recognized stand-
ards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner.
LOAD -BEARING PERIMETER WALL FOUNDATION. A support system for the home whereby the home is mechanically
fastened to a structural wall(s) that transfers gravity, lateral, and uplift loads to the ground.
LOCAL AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION (LAHJ). The state, city, county, municipality, utility, or organization that
has local responsibilities that must be complied with during the installation of a manufactured home.
MUST. Indicates a mandatory requirement.
N/A. Indicates not applicable.
PIER. That portion of the support system between the footing and the manufactured home, exclusive of shims. Types of
piers include, but are not limited to: (1) manufactured steel stands; (2) pressure -treated wood; (3) manufactured con-
crete stands; (4) concrete blocks; and (5) portions of foundation walls.
PIER AND GROUND ANCHOR FOUNDATION. A support system for the home that employs piers under the chassis and
other locations to support gravity loads and employs ground anchors and tie downs (the stabilizing system) to resist
lateral and uplift loads.
PERIMETER BLOCKING. Regularly spaced piers supporting the sidewalls and marriage line of the home. Some homes
require perimeter blocking in addition to supports under the home's frame.
QUALIFIED. Has the necessary knowledge and skills gained from experience and training that will allow performance of
the job safely, competently, and in accordance with all applicable codes, standards, rules, and regulations. Meets all
necessary qualification tests including any license and certification requirements that may be in effect in the area
where the home will be installed.
RAMADA. Any freestanding roof or shade structure, ii stalled or erected over a manufactured home or any portion there-
of.
SHOULD. Indicates a recommendation that is strongly advised but not mandatory.
SHALL. Indicates a mandatory requirement.
SITE FOR A MANUFACTURED HOME. A designated parcel of land designed for the accommodation of one manufac-
tured home, its accessory buildings or structures i and accessory equipment, for the exclusive use of the occupants of
the home.
SKIRTING. A weather -resistant material used to enclose the perimeter, under the living area of the home, from the bottom
of the manufactured home to grade.
STABILIZING SYSTEM. All components of the anchoring and support systems, such as piers, footings, ties, anchoring
equipment, anchoring assemblies, or any other equipment, materials and methods of construction, that support and
secure the manufactured home to the ground.
SUPPORT SYSTEM. Pilings, columns, a combination, of footings, piers, foundation walls, caps, and shims and any com-
bination thereof that will, when properly installed,, support and secure the manufactured home to the ground.
TIE. Straps, cable, or securing devices used to connect the manufactured home to anchoring assemblies.
UTILITY CONNECTION. The connection of the manufactured home to utilities that include, but are not limited to, electrici-
ty, water, sewer, gas, or fuel oil.
VERTICAL TIE. A tie intended to resist uplifting and overturning forces.
WIND ZONE. The areas designated on the Basic Wi 1 d Zone Map, as further defined by the Manufactured Home Con-
struction and Safety Standards.
ENGINEER'S STAMP
Certain pages of this manual that contain tables or conditions which are not included in HUD's Model Installation stand-
ards shall display the seal of a registered engineer. Federal guidelines only require the seal from one state to be dis-
played, but the details herein apply to all states. See THUD standards 3280.2 for Definition of Professional Engineer.
MA1UPACTUREDBEAUiIFUL- Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 3
SYMBOLS USED IN THE MANUAL
This icon indicates an important warning. It is critical to heed these warnings.
This icon indicates a recommended best practice. While not required, following these
practices will result in a superior installation,_ reducing the chance that cosmetic or dura-
@ i
bility related complaints might arise.
ABBREVIATIONS
ABS............
Acrylonitrile Butadiene
Styrene
max............
Maximum
MHCSS .......
Manufactured Home Construction and
ANSI ...........
American National Standards
Institute
Safety Standards
APA............
American Plywood Association
min .............
Minimum
ASTM .........
American Society for Testing
and Materials
Mph .............
Mile(s) per hour
AWPA ........
American Wood Preservers
Association
NEC .............
National Electric Code
CFM............
Cubic feet per minute
NFIP ............
National Flood Insurance Program
CFR............
Code of Federal Regulations
NFPA ..........
National Fire Protection Association
DWV ...........
Drain, Waste, Vent
o.c..............
On center
EMT............
Electrical metallic tubing
OSHA....,.....
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
FEMA .........
Federal Emergency Management
Agency
Oz................
Ounce(s)
Ft ................
Foot/feet
p . ................
Page
Ga...............
Gauge
Psf...............
Pounds per square foot
HUD............
US Department of Housing
and
Psi ...............
Pounds per square inch
Urban Development
In ................
Inch(es)
SAA .............
State Administrative Agency
LAHJ ..........
Local Authority Having
Jurisdiction
sq ft.............
Square foot/feet
lb(s) ...........
Pound(s)
KOMM"VENK02
4 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 MANUTACTURCD .IAUTIIUIIY•
ALTERNATIVE TIE -DOWN AND/OR FOUNDATION SYSTEMS
Champion approves the use of an alternative foundation system if first reviewed and accepted by the Local Authority Hav-
ing Jurisdiction (LAHJ) and a recognized HUD Third Party Agency. All systems must also meet one of the following:
Systems or designs are manufactured and in in accordance with their listings by a nationally recognized
testing agency based on a nationally recognized testing protocol; or
System designs are prepared by a registered engineer or a registered architect or tested and certified by a regis-
tered engineer or registered architect in accordance with acceptable engineering practice and are manufactured
and installed so as not to take the home out of compliance with the Manufactured Home Construction and Safety
Standards.
DISPLAY AND STORAGE OF THE HOME
WEATHER PROTECTION
If the installation is not started immediately upon delivery of the home, the retailer and/or installer has the responsibility to
ensure the exterior weather protection covering of marriage walls and the roof of homes with hinged roofs has not been
damaged during shipment. Inspect the home immediately upon the delivery and frequently during storage. Promptly repair
tears in the home closure materials to prevent damage from the elements. Inspect and repair roof shingles and siding as
needed. i
SUPPORTING A HOME FOR DISPLAY
When a new or used manufactured home is to be displayed at a retail location, temporarily block and support the home.
Set up single -section homes with single block piers spaced no further apart than 12 feet o.c. beneath each I-beam. The
tire and axle system may be used as one of these required supports, and the hitch jack may be used as another. Locate
the first pier no further than two feet from the rear end of the home (Figure 1). Place additional piers along the perimeter
on either side of openings greater than four feet (i.e. sliding glass doors, bay windows, etc.).
For multi -section homes; locate additional piers along the marriage line under support columns. These locations will be
marked by the manufacturer. i
12'-0"
2'-0"
Figure 1. Supporting a
home for display
For all homes, place footings below each pier. Footings may be placed directly on the surface grade without excavation
and may be ABS pads, 2 x 10 by 16 inch long pressure treated lumber or 16" x 16" by 4 inch thick concrete pads.
SUPPORTING A HOME FOR STORAGE
To prevent damage to homes being stored but not on display (i.e. people shall not be permitted inside the home) for a pe-
riod exceeding 30 days, locate piers below each I-beam no further than two feet from each end of the home and at the
approximate center between the tire and axle system and�pier at hitch end of home.
Whether the home is being supported for display or storage the height of the home should be no higher than 36" as
measured from the top of the ground to the bottom of the I-beam. In addition, it is extremely important that the roof/ridge
vents are installed while the home is on display. Failure to install the roof/ridge vents may lead to significant damage to
the roof and home.
•
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 5
Getting Start
This chapter covers a few steps that,
.Y
OF`
re
ken now, will avoid problems later in the installation process.
STEP 1. LOCATE THE DATA PLATE
Locate the data plate inside the home (Figure 2), typically inside a kitchen cabinet door
or on a wall panel or door face near the electrical panel, utility room, or bedroom closet.
I-
The information on the data plate will b
the proper location.
STEP 2. CONFIRM WIND
From Table 1, identify the wind zone fc
the following rules and any special recit
• No home may be located in a
to plate. (Example: a home d(
Wind Zone III.)
• A home may be located in a Ii
plate. (Example: a home desi,
Wind Zone II or I.)
• Homes located within 1,500 fi
be designed to withstand exp
the data plate.
If the home does not conform to these
used to verify that the home was designed for
!ONE
the home. Verify that the home conforms to
-ements determined by the LAHJ.
igher wind zone than that indicated on the da-
igned for Wind Zone II cannot be placed in
,er wind zone than that indicated on the data
ed for Wind Zone II can be placed in either
of the coastline in Wind Zones II and III must
re'D' conditions. This will, be indicated on
, contact the manufacturer immediately.
Figure 2. Sample data plate
- Shown as reference
only. Actual data plate
may vary.
V&IOZZA
Site appropriateness. If the
site is not accessible, not
appropriate for the planned
support system or cannot
be properly graded, notify
the purchaser, the retailer
and HUD, with the reasons
why the site is unsuitable.
Do not install the home until
all issues are remedied.
•
6 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 MANUFACTURED BEAUTIFULLY'
TABLE 1. WIND ZONE BY LOCALITY
'Wind Zone I
All areas except those areas listed below as being within Wind Zone II or III
[Wind Zone 11
Alabama Counties of8aldwin and Mobile g
Florida All counties except those listed below as within Wind Zone III
Georgia Counties of Bryan, Camden, Chatham, Glynn, Liberty, McIntosh
Louisiana Parishes of Acadia, Allen, Ascension, Assumption, Calcasieu, Cameron, East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana,
Evangeline, Iberia, Iberville, Jefferson Davis, Lafayette, Livingston, Pointe Coupee, St. Helena, St. James, St. John
the Baptist, St. Landry, St. Martin, St. Tammany, Tangipahoa, Vermillion, Washington, West Baton Rouge, and
West Feliciana
Maine
Counties of Hancock and Washington
-
Massachusetts
Counties of Barnstable, Bristol, Dukes, Nantucket, and Plymouth
MississippiCounties of George, Hancock, Harrison, Jackson, Pearl River, and Stone
North Carolina Counties of Beaufort, Brunswick, Camden, Chowan, Columbus, Craven, Currituck, Jones, New Hanover, Onslow,
Pamlico, Pasquotank, Pender, Perquimans, Tyrrell, and Washington
South Carolina Counties of Beaufort, Berkeley, Charleston, Colleton, Dorchester, Georgetown, Horry, Jasper, and Williamsburg
1 Texas Counties of Aransas, Brazoria, Calhoun, Cameron, Chambers, Galveston, Jefferson, Kennedy, Kleberg, Matagor-
da, Nueces, Orange, Refugio, San Patrj'icio, and Willacy
VirginiaCities of Chesapeake, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Princess Anne, and Virginia Beach
• Entire state
Coastal regions (as determined by the 90 mph isotach on the ANSI/ASCE 7-88 map)
Counties of Broward, Charlotte, Collier Dade, Franklin, Gulf, Hendry, Lee, Martin, Manatee, Monroe, Palm Beach,
Pinellas, and Sarasota
Parishes of Jefferson, La Fourche,_
our he a Orel ans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. Mary, and Terrebonne
Counties of Carteret, Dare, and Hyde
• All regions of the U.S. Territories of AMerican Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Trust Territo-
ry of the Pacific Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands -
,I
STEP 3. CONFIRM THERMAL ZONE
From Figure 3, identify the thermal (UO) zone for the home. Verify that the home con-
forms to the following rules.
• No home may be located in an area with a higher thermal zone number than
that indicated on the data plate. (Example: a home designed for Thermal Zone 2
cannot be placed in Thermal Zone 3.)
• A home may be located in a lower thermal zone than that indicated on the data
plate. (Example: a home designed for ThermalZone 2 may be placed in either
Thermal Zone 2 or 1.)
• In no case may a home designated for installation in the "Humid & Fringe Cli-
mate," as identified on the data plate, be located outside of this region (Table 2).
If the home does not conform to these rules, contact the manufacturer immediately.
a,
v _ 1 2 I7
zone.= = p
o-vmum 0.116 U96 "
Figure 3. Thermal (UO) zone
map
M.„�, �,�qE„eAUT1FU1Y. Manufacturer',s Installation Manual - June 2015 7
TABLE 2. HUMID AND FRINGE CLIMATE ZONES
Counties of Escambia, Geneva ,H nry, Houston Lowndes, Marengo, Mobile, Monr eer, Choctaw, Clarke, Coffee, �Mon,tgomery, Pike, Wasnecuh, Covington, shaw„Dale,
hington,�"and
Wilcox .
All counties and
Counties of Appling; Atkinson, Bacon, Baker„ Ben Hill, Berrien,, Brantley; Brooks, Bryan, Calhoun, Camden, Char-
leton, Chatham, Clay., 'Clinch, Coffee, Colquitt-, Cook, Crisp, Decatur, Dougherty, Early, Echols, Effingham, Evans,
'Glynn, Grady, Irwin, Jeff Davis, Lanier, Lee, Liberty, Long, Lowndes, Mclntosh,.Miller, Mitchell, Pierce, Quitman,
Randolph, Seminole, Tattnall,'Terrell, Thomas, Tift, Turner, Ware, Wayne, and Worth
All counties and locations
All counties and
Counties of Adams, Amite, Claiborne, Clarke, Copiah, Covington, Forrest, Franklin, George, Greene, Hancock,
Harrison, Hinds, Issaquena, Jackson, Jasper, Jefferson, Jefferson Davis, Jones, Lamar, Lawrence, Lincoln, Mari-
on, Pearl River, Perry, Pike, Rankin, Simpson, Smith, Stone, Walthall, Warren, Wayne, and Wilkinson
Counties of Brunswii
New Hanover, Onslow, and Pender
Counties of Beaufort, Berkeley, Charleston, Colleton, Dorchester, Georgetown, Horry, and Jasper
Counties of Anderson; Angelina, Aransas, Atascosa, Austin, Bastrop, Bee, Bexar, Brazoria, Brazos, Brooks, Bur-
leson; Caldwell, Callioun, Cameron;'Camp, Cass, Chambers, Cherokee, Colorado, Coral, De Witt,;Dimmit, Duval,
Falls, Fayette, Fort Bend, Franklin, Freestone, Frio, Galveston, Goliad, Gonzales, Gregg, Grimes, Guadalupe,
Hardin, Harris, Harrison, Hays, Henderson, Hidalgo, Hopkins, Houston, Jackson, Jasper, Jefferson„Jim Hogg, Jim
'Wells; Karnes, Kaufman, Ken nedy,'Kinney; Kleberg, La Salle, Lavaca, Lee, Leon, Liberty, Limestone, Live Oak,
Madison, Marion, Matagorda, Maverick, McMullen, Medina, Milam, Montgomery, Morris, Nacogdoches, Navarro,
Newton, Nueces, Orange, •Panola, Polk, Rains, Refugio; Robertson, Rusk, Sabine, San Augustine, San Jacinto,
San Patricio, Shelby,1Smith, Starr, Titus, Travis, Trinity, Tyler, Upshur, Uvalde, Val Verde, Van Zandt, Victoria,
Walker, Waller; Washington, Webb, Wharton, Willacy, Williamson, Wilson, Wood, Zapata, and Zavala
All Locations � �4
STEP 4. CONFIRM ROOF LOAD ZONE
From Table 3, identify the Roof Load Zone for the home. Verify that the home con-
forms to the following rules. I
• No home may be placed in an area with a higher roof load than that indicated
on the data plate. (Example: la home designed for the South (20 psf) Roof
Load Zone cannot be placed in the Middle (30 psf) Roof Load Zone).
• A home may be located in art area with a lower roof load than that indicated
on the data plate. (Example: a home designed for the Middle (30 psf) Roof
Load Zone may be placed in the South (20 psf) Roof Load Zone).
• There are special high roof load areas (primarily in mountains) not shown on
the map. Contact the LAHJ or SAA for information about these areas. The
home's data plate will indicate if the home has been designed for one of these
high roof load areas.
• Ramadas may be used in areas with roof live loads greater than 40 psf.
Ramadas are to be self-supporting, except that any connection to the home
must be for weatherproofing only.
TABLE 3. ROOF LOADS BY LOCALITY
North (40 psf roof load)
All counties
Counties of Aroostook;. Piscataquis, Somerset, Penobscot; Waldo, Knox; Hancock, Washington
Colorado AII'counties
Idaho All counties
Iowa
Counties of: Buena Vista, Butler, Calhoun; Cerro Gordo, Cherokee, Chickasaw',
Clay, Dickinson, Emmet, Floyd,
Franklin, Hamilton, Hancock, Hardin, Howard, Humboldt, Ida, Kossuth, Lyon, Mitchell, O'Brien, Osceola, Palo Alto,
Plymouth, Pocahontas, Sac,'Sioux, Webster, Winnebago, Worth, Wright,
Maine Counties of Androscoggin, Cumberland, Franklin, Kanabec, Lincoln, Oxford, Sagadahoc, York
Massachusetts County of,;Essex 1`
8 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
MANUMClD �lAVTIIUIIY•
Counties of Alger, Alcona, Alpena, Antrim, Baraga, Benzie, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Crawford, Delta,
Dickson, Emmet, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Houghton, Iron, Kalkaska, Keweenaw, Leelanau, Luce, Mackinac,
Marquette, Menominee, Missaukee, Montmorency, Ogemaw, Ontonagon, Oscoda, Otsego, Presque Isle, Ros-
common, Schoolcraft, Wexford
• . Counties ofAitkin, Anoka, Benton, Blue°Earth, Brown, Cass, Carlton, Cancer, Chippewa, Chisago, Cook, Cotton-
wood, Crow Wing, Dakota, Dodge, Douglas, Faribault, Fillmore, Freeborn, Goodhue, Grant, Hennepin, Hubbard,
Itasca, Isanti, Jackson, Kandiyohi, Kanabec, Koochiching, Lac qui Parle, Lake, Le Sueur, Lincoln, Lyon, McLeod,
Meeker, ,Morrison; Millie Lacs, Mower, Martin, Murray, Nicollet, Nobles, Olmsted, Pipestone, Pine, Pope, Ramsey,
Redwood, Renville, Rice, Rock, St. Louis,. Sibley, Scott, Steele, Sherburne, Swift, Stearns, Stevens, Todd, Wade-
na, Wright, Washington, Wabasha, Winona, Waseca, Watonwan, Yellow Medicine
• All Counties
• All Counties
Counties of Cayuga, Clinton, Essex, Erie, Franklin, Fulton, Genesee, Hamilton, Herkimer, Jefferson, Lewis, Living-
ston, Madison, Monroe, Montgomery, Niagara, Oneida, Onondaga, Ontario, Orleans, Oswego, St. Lawrence, Sara-
toga, Schenectady, Seneca, Warren, Washington, Wayne, Wyoming, Yates
• .. Counties of Brookings, Clay, Codington Deuel, Grant, Hamlin, Hanson, Hutchinson, Kingsbury, Lake, Lincoln,
McCook, Miner, Minnehaha, Moody, Turner, Union, Yankee
All Counties
• Counties of Addison, Caledonia, Chittenden, Essex, Franklin, Grand Isle, Lamoille, Orange, Orleans, Rutland,
Washington, Windsor
• Counties of Ashland, Bayfield, Barron, Buffalo, Burnett, Clark, Chippewa, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Flor-
ence, Forest, Iron, Jackson, Langlade, Lincoln, Marathon, Marinette, Menominee, Oconto, Oneida, Pepin, Pierce,
Polk, Price, Rusk, St. Croix, Sawyer, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vilas, Washburn
• All Counties
• The states and counties not listed for th dMie for or North roof load zone above are deemed to be within the South
roof load zone. t
STEP 5. CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS
Local regulations may set conditions for the siting and installation of a manufactured
home. Consult the LAHJ, state manufactured housing association, and the state SAA
(See Resources, p. 1) for the specific local requirements, including:
• Building codes that may affect the construction of site built structures
and infrastructure.
• Local requirements regulating the installation of manufactured homes.
• Setback requirements for property lines, streets, yards, and courts.
• Fire separation distances.
• Development covenants for the specific property.
• The locations of flood hazard areas and anylspecial foundation requirements
for homes installed in those areas.
• In some areas, building permits are required to install manufactured homes.
Prior to making any alteration to the site and the home, contact the LAHJ to
determine if plan approval and permits are required.
PF dor
Areas subject to flooding.
The foundation specifica-
tions contained in this
manual are NOT intended
to address flood loads. If
the home is in the flood
plain, consult a registered
engineer.
I
Manufacturer'sI Installation Manual - June 2015
9
Prepare the Site
A properly prepared site is critical to 6 good quality installation and the long term structural stability of the home.
This chapter explains the process of �lanning the site, evaluating the soil, and preparing the site for construction of the
home's support system.
STEP 1. PLAN SITE ACCESS (p. 10)
STEP 2." DETERMINE HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT (p. 10)
STEP. 3. CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE (p. 11)
STEP 4. DETERMINE SOIL CONDITIONS (p. 11)
STEP 5: DETERMINE SOIL,BEARING CAPACITY AND'FROST LINE ,(p. 12)'
STEP 6. DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR HOLDING CAPACITY (0.14)
STEP 1. PLAN SITE ACI
Planning the route to the site is typicE
company. Whoever is responsible mL
which the home will pass.
In planning the route, avoid obstructic
home, such as low hanging wires anc
for the load. Contact the utility compa
branches, bushes, or other foliage to
to the site. Avoid ditches, berms, stee
holes and soft spots into which the trE
steep changes in grade (20 degrees
If required, provide for home storage
and staging of home sections and me
home sections and materials can be,
sequence. Orient home sections so tt
maneuvered during the installation pr
dumpsters, portable toilets, crew park
mixer deliveries.
Before moving the manufactured hon
site is prepared and utilities are availE
STEP 2. DETERMINE H(
The home location may have already
location and layout in compliance witt
STEP 5. CHECK LOCAL CODES At
locations of existing infrastructure, su
lines.
When planning the site improvement;
• The home location should b
• Avoid contact with large tree
tial flood zones.
• Preserve trees and shrubs f
• Plan the driveway, parking E
• Consider future additions, si
• Site the home away from na
:ESS
ly the responsibility of the retailer or transportation
3t secure state permits from the states through
ns that might interfere with the passage of the
trees, low overpasses, and bridges not suitable
iy if wires need to be moved. Do not allow
,crape against the home as the home is moved
3 slopes, and soft ground. Identify and fill any
nsporter's wheels may sink. Avoid moving over
r more).
ind staging areas on the site. Plan the delivery
serials so that after all deliveries are complete,
ccessed for use and installed in the appropriate
ey do not have to be rotated or excessively
)cess. Plan for temporary needs, such as
ng, delivery vehicle drop-offs and concrete
to the site, inform the LAHJ and make sure the
iME LOCATION AND LAYOUT
>een determined by others. If not, plan the home
the regulations researched in Getting Started,
D SECURE PERMITS (p. 9). Contact utilities for
h as underground cables, pipes, and electrical
consider the following:
level.
, steep slopes, poorly drained areas, and poten-
shade, visual screens, and windbreaks.
:as, septic, well, other structures, and utility lines.
h as screen rooms, porches, and awnings.
ral water paths.
i ' //
Site Preparation. The home
manufacturer has no con-
trol over the site planning
and installation of the home
unless the manufacturer is
responsible for the home's
installation. Final responsi-
bility for site preparation,
including soil stability and
frost heave control, lies with
the installer. An improperly
prepared site may result in
the denial of a foundation -
related warranty claim.
i ' ZZ
Fire separation. Comply
with any LAHJ fire separa-
tion requirements or the re-
quirements NFPA 501A,
2003 edition (Chapter 6).
• 9 ILA
•
10 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 eeAUT-1 -
STEP 3. CLEAR AND GRADE THE
Trim overhanging foliage considering future growth, K
and snow/ice-weighted branches. Remove organic n-
roots, twigs, dead branches, grass, and brush from d
any debris that could become termite infested from tF
move all other debris from the home location, includir
tions. Properly dispose of all items.
Crown the site (Figure 4) so that water will not acctlr
home. Also, slope away from the foundation for the t
of 1/2 inch per foot. Where property lines, walls, slope
prohibit this slope, provide the site with drains, swale
from the structure. Any fill required to grade the site
applied in a maximum of four inch layers, compacted
90% of its maximum relative density. Direct runoff am
berms (Figure 5). If the home will have skirting, start
edge of the home. -
y
ILI
ITE
:ential storms, swaying in wind
erial such as vegetation, wood,
:ctly under the home. Remove
site and surrounding area. Re -
roots from beneath footing loca-
late or stand underneath the
It ten ,feet with a minimum slope
,'Or other physical conditions
or grading to drain water away
wld be inorganic "controlled fill"
atween each layer to at least
from the site using ditches and
-adina from two feet in from the
y
Hc use y
y
y
yyyy
y
Indicate
n of water
Grade the ground so that water under porches, decks, and recessed entries flows
away from the home. If proper grading is not possible, use other methods such as a
drain tile and automatic sump pump system to removie any water that may collect un-
der the home.
The home is suitable for the installation of gutters and downspouts. When gutters and
downspouts are installed, direct runoff away from thel home.
STEP 4. DETERMINE, SOIL CONDITIONS
Examine the soil type under the proposed home location to make sure it is suitable for
placement of a home. The design of the home's support system, including footing/pier
spacing and size, will in part be determined by the bearing capacity of the soil, and
ground anchors by the soil's withdrawal strength.
The soil under every portion of the support system must meet the following criteria:
• The soil must be firm and undisturbed (not previously excavated) or fill com-
pacted to at least 90% of its maximum relative density. Uncompacted fill will set-
tle over time, causing the home to shift andl,become unleveled.
• Fill must not contain large debris. This too will settle over time.
• The soil must not be comprised of organic lays or peat. Organic material can
decay, causing settlement, and also may harbor pests that can infest the home.
• The water table must be below the lowest level of the planned support system/
foundation. A soil's bearing capacity can be greatly reduced when it is saturated
with water. Note that water tables may varywith seasonal or climactic condi-
tions. Consult a geologist or the LAHJ if you are unsure of the water table level.
i
Site drainage. Moisture un-
der the home can result in
structural damage to the
floor system and other
parts of the home. Failure
to provide adequate
slope/drainage can result in
moisture -related problems
such as mold, mildew, and
erosion.
Figure 4. (Left) Crown or keep
soil flat under the home be-
tween the outer beams to pre-
vent water ponding
Figure 5. (Right) Direct runoff
away from the home
0
Soil. Inadequate soil bearing
capacity or a support system
mismatched to the soil char-
acteristics can result in ex-
cessive or differential set-
tlement of the home, which
can cause the home to go
out of level, resulting in
jammed doors and windows,
cracks in finishes and rup-
tured plumbing connections.
.A. PACIU:l.U-11Y"lLY- Manufacturer'is Installation Manual - June 2015 11
• The soil must not be a highly expansive type. Expansive soils can expand when
they become saturated with'iwater, causing the home to shift and become un-
leveled. If soils are expansive, contact a registered engineer, or registered ar-
chitect to assist with the design of the foundation system.
STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL -BEARING CAPACITY
AND FROST LIVE
The soil under a home must be capable of withstanding the loads imposed by the
weight of the home, its support system and furnishings, as well as any loads imposed
by wind, snow, or other climactic conditions.
SOIL -BEARING CAPACITY
Determine the soil -bearing capacity in pounds per square foot (psf) before designing a
support system. The higher the capacity (psf), the more weight the soil can hold without
unduly compressing. As the soil -bearing capacity increases, footings can be reduced in
size or spaced farther apart.
Use one or more of the following methods to determine the site's soil bearing capacity:
• Test the soil. Hire a registered geologist, registered engineer, or registered
architect to determine the soil classification and maximum allowable soil bear-
ing capacity by testing the soil in accordance with generally accepted engi-
neering practice.
• Obtain soil records. The local office of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's
Natural Resources Conservation Service (www.soils.usda.gov) and/or the
LAHJ may have test results rnd/or soil analyses on file for the area.
• Conduct a pocket penetrometer test. Use a pocket penetrometer to esti-
mate allowable soil -bearing capacity as follows:
1. Select a location that will be under a footing.
2. Clear an area of a minimum of one square foot at least four inches deep
or to the depth of the boitom of the planned footing.
3. Using the instructions provided with the pocket penetrometer, take at
least five readings.
4. Discard the high and low readings and average the remaining readings.
Round this result down to the nearest soil -bearing value shown in the
right column of Table 4.
5. Confrim that the rounded result matches the soil description on Table 4.
• Determine soil -bearing value by visual examination. If one of the options
above is not available, the values on Table 4 can be used to establish soil -
bearing capacity by visual examination. This method provides lower capacity
values than the options above. Accurate soil identification typically requires
special training or expertise. An engineer or building code official may be able
to assist in classifying the soil found on the site.
V&*OZZA
Soil bearing capacity. Sup-
port systems on soils with
bearing capacities less than
1,000 psf must be designed
by a registered engineer or
registered architect and
approved by the LAHJ.
Limitations of pocket pen-
etrometers. Pocket pene-
trometers do not work on
sand or gravel. Use to de-
termine allowable pressure
for these types of soils. If
you encounter a layer of
gravel, test the soil under
the gravel. Do not put the
penetrometer on stones
larger than its tip as this
will provide an inaccurate
reading.
12 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
MANU�ACTUFlD �fAUTIIULIY'
ABLE 4.
Rock or hard pan (class 1)
114,000'
Sandy gravel and gravel; very dense and/or cemented sands,
course gravel/cobbles; preloaded silts, clays and coral (class 2)
2,000
Sand; silty sand; clayey sand; silty gravel; medium dense course
1,500
sands; sandy gravel; very stiff silt, sand clays (class 3)
Clay, sandy clay, silty clay, clayey silt (classes 4A and 46)
1,000
Uncompacted fill, peat, organic clays (class 5)
Professional testing required
Note to table: No allowances made for overburden pressure, embedment depth, water table
height, or settlement problems. i
• Use default capacity. Use an allowable pressure of 1,500 psf, unless site -
specific information requires the use of lower values based on soil classifica-
tion and type according to Table 4.
Note that soil types may vary across a home site. In this case, the soil with the lowest
bearing capacity should be assumed when design! g the support system. Keep a rec-
ord of the soil -bearing capacity value; it will be use later to design the home's support
system.
FROST LINE
In climates subject to ground freezing, consult the 4AHJ, a registered engineer, or reg-
istered architect to determine the depth of the frost Ilne. Figure 6 may be used as a
guideline when there is no specific local determinat'jon. Keep a record of the frost
depth; it will be used later to design the home's supI port system.
1' 2'
3' 4, 7' 6,5'
4' ire _`�3'
Figure 6. Average frost pene-
tration depth (in feet)
PM
MANUFACTURED BEAUTIFULLY` Manufacturers Installation Manual - June 2015 13
STEP 6. DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR
HOLDING CAPACITY
Torque Probe. Before using
the torque probe, check
When using auger -type ground anchors to tie down the home, first, use a torque probe
to determine the anchor -holding strength of the soil on the site.
with the utility companies
for the location of under -
Use a torque probe with a shaft of sufficient length to test the soil at the depth of the
ground cables or pipes to
anchor helical plate. Augur the probe into the ground, and following the probe manufac-
avoid contact with the
turer's instructions, take the torque wrench reading in the area where the. anchors will
probe shaft.
be installed and at the depth of the anchor helix. If the soil varies in consistency across
the site, then use the lowest reading. Based on this reading, consult the anchor manu-
facturer's charts to select the anchor type(s).
14
• •
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 1 MANUFACTURED REAUTIFUILY`
Install Footings
This chapter provides instructions for the design and construction of individual footings that transfer the load from a single
pier to the ground. A footing and pier together (discussed in Set the Home) is referred to as a "support." A footing may also
be designed to carry the load of multiple piers (often called "strip" footings). The design of strip footings is not covered in
this manual.
STEP 1. DESIGN POINT LOAD SUPPORTS (p. 1'5)
STEP 2. DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS (Homes Without Perimeter Blocking) (p. 19)
STEP 3. DESIGN FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS (Homes With'Perimeter Blocking) (p.20)
STEP 4. SELECT FOOTING MATERIALS (p. 22)
STEP 5. SIZE FOOTINGS (p. 22)
STEP 6. INSTALL FOOTINGS (p. 24)
STEP 1. DESIGN POINT LOAD SUPPORTS
All homes will need supports, and therefore footings under the frame, marriage line (for
multi -section homes), exterior wall openings and other heavy point loads.
The home manufacturer may have provided a blocking diagram (or tags, labels, paint or
other markings under the home) indicating the required locations and/or loads for perime-
ter, marriage line and/or frame supports specifically for this home. If so, the diagram or
tags take precedence over the directions provided in this manual.
Create a sketch of the home that includes the exterior walls, the frame I -beams and the
marriage line(s), if a multi -section home. The sketch will be used in this chapter to locate
each support, and note the size of the corresponding footing. Figure 7 is an example of
such a support plan.
Perimeter
Blockina Piers Door Piers
Frame
le Wall Piers
Piers
As the location and load for each support is determined, note it on the sketch. When se-
lecting locations for supports, keep in mind that increasing the spacing between supports
will increase the load on that support and the size ofithe required footing.
Figure 7. Example of support
plan
MAN-TUEEU 6EAUT,EUEEV• Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 15
DETERMINE LOCATIONS
Point loads exist where a bearing/structL
foundation at a specific point. Locate a s
lowing examples:
(1)
Exterior doors on side walls at
at exterior doors on non-bearin
Note: Listed adjustable outriggi
exterior door openings less tha
tuted if local codes permit the L
cording to the manufacturer's it
shall not be substitutes for othE
any home relocation.
(2)
Other exterior wall openings fo
(including multiple windows the
supports, even if individual win
(3)
Marriage line openings four fee
home has perimeter blocking a
feet, intermediate supports mul
(4)
Marriage line pier at corner of c
(5)
Load -bearing porch posts.
(6)
Under heavy (400 Ibs or greate
fireplaces and large fish tanks.
(7)
Tags require 3 perimeter piers
(8)
Perimeter piers required under
and rear frame recessed over S
(9) Pier each end of walk -a -bay o\
Off Set Notes
• Roof of offset section must hav
• Maximum offset without center
• All other offsets need installatic
■ Offset shall be tied down and p
home. Also, pier shall be place
al weight is concentrated and transferred to the
pport under each point load, including the fol-
)th sides of each door (blocking is not required
end walls).
s may be used to replace piers below sidewall
48". Adjustable outriggers may only be substi-
e of these devices and they are installed ac-
Itallation instructions. Adjustable outriggers
pier applications and must be removed prior to
feet and greater at both sides of each opening
total four feet wide or more without intermediate
)ws are less than four feet).
or greater at both sides of each opening (when
d marriage line openings are greater than 10
be placed at maximum 10 feet on center).
items, such as heavy furniture, waterbeds,
each end as shown.
ront and rear of homes with front cross member
inches.
16 inches out from home.
center peak
eak is 4 feet in Wind Zone I.
addendum.
red as a single section for that portion of the
at the inside corner where floors join (4).
Mark the required point load support locations on the sketch. Supports are not required where
the manufacturer has reinforced the floor (such as with additional outriggers or floor joists)
and so noted in the documentation provided with the home. Figure 8 and Figure 9 identify
typical point load support locations.
Wall Openings 4' or greater (2)
■� Heavy Load Pier (6)
Marriage Wall Piers (3)
Porch Post Piers (5LI/
Door Piers (1)
,A
16
Door Piers (1)
I -Beam Frame
Welk -A -Bay Piers (9)
Comer Offsett Pier (4)
Frame recess Piers (8)
off set
TAG
Tog
Piers(7)
s Installation Manual - June 2015
Figure 8. Typical point -load
support locations
CHAMPI1. ON
Door a Opening Less
Than 48 in. in Width
Combined Span (A+B)
Rid a Beam
Continuous Rege Beam
Wall more
I
Column Post or
than 16 in. in
Wall, Less Than 16
Width
in. In WA1dth
��II■Il�ll�l�l�l�llrii��'��I�
for Spans C and D T("IIF;I('ll B or C - for Span A+B �Siied for
D msper2iTely. Mote: if Span
Wall is Less Than 16 in,
In Width, Use Combined
Span C + D with a Single
Pier]
CALCULATE LOADS
Use Table 5 and 5A to determine the loads on poin -load supports. For each support, find
the columns with the appropriate roof load and sectilon width. Find the row(s) correspond-
ing to the span (see Figure 9 for guidance on deterining spans — if a support is shared
by spans on both sides, add the respective loads together to arrive at the total load under
that point). When ridge beam is continuous over support, multiply load by 1.25.
The number in the columns under the "M" and "P" headings are the loads for supports
along the marriage line and perimeter respectively (point loads in the center of a section,
i.e. not along a marriage line or perimeter wall, require the load in the "P" column). Inter-
polation for openings between those shown in the table is permitted.
Note the required loads next to each point load support on the sketch.
TABLE 5. LOAD ON POINT -LOAD FOOTINGS;; lbs. (FRAME ONLY SUPPORTS'.
700 430 800 480 910 520
1a�i 860 rL 1600 ,t 96tr C11T 1820 4 1030
2100 1290 2400 1440 2730 1550
2800 f , 1720 3200 ,# =1920 t 3644 2060
3500 2150 4000 2400 4550 2580
4200 i1 f 4800 }� 0
4900 n - 5600 - 6370 -
1170 720 1340 800 1520 860
—„ —
234D 1440 2670 di 160
_0 1720
_ _' _
3500 2150 4000 2400 4550 2580
4670 i 0 $340i 3 0 6070 3440
5840 3590 6670 4000 7590 4300
7000 8000 =� 9100 7-
8170 - 9340 - 10620 -
Figure 9. Typical support lo-
cations along the marriage
line for home not requiring
regularly spaced perimeter
supports (see figure 12 for
homes with regularly spaced
perimeter supports)
i ' //
Maximum home eaves. are
16 inches for 14 wide or
less, and 12 inches for wid-
er sections.
590 940 580 1070 640 1220 690 1400 780
1170 1870M„ OTvi ' 2140 t 1280� 0 i 1L 380 280
1760 2800 1720 3200 1920 3640 2060 4200 2340
2340], 3740E 2360 dl 4270 , 2560 � 466) 2750 5600 3120
2930 4670 2870 5340 3200 6070 3440 7000 3900
i ' 6600 - 6400 I 7280 -� 8400
- 6540 7470 8500 9800
*M = Marriage Line, P = Perimeter
(For piers supporting one floor_ at marriage line, use IY2 the above loads)
June 1, 2015
MANUFACTUNEa B¢AU•UILT-
Installation Manual - June 2015
17
TABLESA. LOAD ON POINT -LOAD FOOTINGS— Ibs. (FRAME AND PERIMETER WITH MARRIAGE LINE SUPPORTS)
2340 1410 2670 1580
3040L 1840 F3470' 2060
3740 2270 4270 2540
4440 0 1 5070,,'3020
5140 3130 5870 3500
5840 y I 6670 1
6540 - 7470
7240 ;; I! 82701
1700 3500 1930 3040 1840 3470 2060 3950 2220 4550 2520
2220 ` 5501i" 25 0 3970p�' + 2900 5950 0
4 : 2410 4540; �p 2700 i� b 160l
2730 5600 3100 4900 2990 5600 3340 6370 3590 7350 4080
67 428 1i ram.
3250 j� 6650 3690 , 5840 �3560 u 6670( 3980 „ 7590 ii 4280 8750 g 4860
3760 7700 4270 6770 4130 7740 4620 8800 4960 10150 5640
j 8750 ;� 7700 11 7j 8800 n10010
9800 8640 9870 11230 N12950
- { 10850 I N, 9570 {� ; '10940 �! ' 12440 ( 14350 {l
3740 2270 4270 2540 4860 2730
4640 3100 4260 3130 4870 3500
5540 3760
4900 2990q(---- 0 6�370Ri3590
,6390 t14080 5900 11 4130 ° 6740 ?1 4620
17660 4960 i r�-
6070 3700 6940 4140 7890 4450
8140 5050 7530 5140 8600 5740
9790 6160
�;
7240 I; 4420 8270 4940 ; 9410 5� 310 f 989� i1 6� 0 9�160 ;i 6140 110470 is 6860
11910 7370 ;; =
®
8400 5�740 10920
116 40 7000 10800 7140 12340 7980
14030 -
-
404133
1231094
9;9
,9600 a6160
—i—
�42001120
10740 12270 13960
15140 - 14060
11900 f1 07,,,[ 15.70 f -„` IF- jj157„00, 7t'
0 5430 3990 4940 4460 5620 3980 5250 4030 6000 4500 6190 4750 7070 4230
7530 „ 5280 I_7340 1, 51 900j' 8350 . Y 5530 (L . 7820 1i 5610 a 8940 s 60 9 220 �r� 66 1 10540 f 6310
® 9630 6570 9740 7340 11080 7070 10390 7190 11870 8020^•�f^1�222550^+ 14000
®, - _ - _ 91 yd �m �L
;�1 30I. 7860 �,12140 , ' 13 �10 r� - 12950 � 14800 a;�- � 15290
13830 - 14540 15520
®1.....-.�.,�U....w..,...-.,�...
_
*M = Marriage Line, P = Perimeter/Side Wall
(For piers supporting one floor at marriage line, use'/z the above loads
�-OFAL4-""
PHILLIP J.
CO AND
"ENUINLLK N2}
N0. xc
q 32035
o�Bsalonal En9TCDe
June 1, 2015
KNOWTIVAN
•
8 (Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 MANUPACTU0.BD BBAUTIfUIIY-
STEP 2. DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS
(Homes Without Perimeter, Blocking)
DETERMINE LOCATIONS
All homes require regularly spaced supports along all main frame I -beams. Select spac-
ing between supports and sketch them on the support plan. Keep in mind that frame sup-
ports under homes with 8" deep I -beams may be no more than eight feet apart. Those
under homes with 10" or 12" deep I -beams may be no more than 10 feet apart. Generally,
greater distances between supports will require larger footings.
Figure 10 shows typical frame support locations.
Side Wall (Perimeter Point -Load) Piers
Required at Openings 4 It or Greater
///���TTT ///��� Door Piers
/ J / J [-Beam Frame
///"`/ II ///rrr/ If / I
o
I -Beam Frame
++
ers ,"A
Door Piers
_Marriage Wall (Point -Load) Piers
Required at Openings 4 It or Greater
Frame Piers
CALCULATE LOADS
Use Table 6 to determine the loads on frame supports. Find the column with the appro-
priate roof load and section width. Find the row corresponding to the selected support
spacing. The number in the intersecting cell is the load.
Loads on all frame supports can be assumed to be equal if support spacing is equal.
pr
Spacing frame supports.
There must be a support lo-
cated near the end of each
I-beam such that there is no
more than 24 inches of
beam past the edge of the
support.
Figure 10. Typical support
locations for homes not
requiring regularly spaced
perimeter supports
June 1, 2015
Ma„ pq�,�ae, B AUTI Manufacturer' Installation Manual - June 2015 19
STEP 3. DESIGN FRAME SAND PERIMETER SUPPORTS
(Homes With Perimeter Blocking)
DETERMINE LOCATIONS
Depending on design and location, some homes require regularly spaced perimeter sup-
ports along all of the sidewalls and marriage walls in addition to frame supports. This will
be indicated on the data plate and/or documents included with the home.
If required, perimeter supports are only heeded on bearing walls. Bearing walls are those
walls that support the ends of roof trusses or rafters (typically sidewalls and marriage
walls but not end walls of main units or sidewalls of tag units).
To minimize the number of required per supports, space them evenly between
point load supports as shown in Figurel11 and Figure 12 (but not under spans). These
figures identify typical support locations1for homes requiring perimeter supports.
Perimeter
Blocking Piers Door Piers
Marriage Line Blocking Piers
or I -Beam Frame
Porch Post Piers Perimeter
Blocking
Piers
Door Piers
Frame
Marriage Wall (Point Load)
Piers Required at openings
4 Ft. or.Greater
Piers
Door or Opening Less Combined Span (A-B)
Then 48 in. In Width 1
Beam 1 III Ili II II II Continuous Ridge Beam
Column Post or
Well, Less Than 16
in. In Width
I -Beam
line supports ""^ V`IT&Sized for line support Sized for Sizedfor " line support Sized for
Span C I Span B Span A+B Span A
CALCULATE LOADS
Use Table 7 to determine the loads on frame and perimeter supports for homes requiring
perimeter blocking. Find the column with the appropriate roof load and section width. Find
the group of rows corresponding to the selected support spacing. The values in the inter-
secting cells are the loads for the frame, perimeter, and marriage line supports respec-
tively.
Loads on supports of a given type (frame, perimeter, or marriage) can be assumed to be
equal if support spacing is equal. However, if different support spacings are used then
each support with a different spacing should be calculated separately.
Note the location and load required of each support on the sketch.
;dyzrzj
Spacing frame supports.
There must be a support
located near the end of
each I-beam such that
there is no more than 24
inches of beam past the
edge of the support.
Figure 11. Typical support
locations for homes requiring
perimeter supports
Figure 12. Typical marriage
line support locations for
homes requiring perimeter
supports
Champion
recommends that
homes with tape and
texture wall finish have
perimeter support.
Km-.wiv,,,Imitolm
20 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 1MANUfACiU!!D—.11PUIIY•
of ALge�
-9
PHILLIP J. 9
CO Nq
I /#
{i N NEERNO. 41
{x
32035
e
� essional Eo
June 1, 2015
Mm
WWAVk
•
IK MI...-IUU. 6EMIT,PUIIY• Manufacturer;'s Installation Manual - June 2015 21
STEP 4. SELECT FOOTING MATERIAL
Select one of the products and materials from Table 8 for the footings.
i
I
TABLE S_ FOOTING MATERIALS
�.• ••Specification
Minimum 6" thick poured -in -place concrete pads, slabs, or ribbons with at least a
Poured concrete All soil types
28-day compressive strength of 3,000 psi. Cast -in -place concrete footings may also
require reinforcing steel based on acceptable engineering practice, the design
1 loads, and site specific soil conditions.
m
lMi inin mum 4 thick nominal precast concrete pads meeting or::exceetli g ASTM.0
Pre cast concrete
All soil types90-02a
Staridard Specification°for LoadnBeanng Concrete MasonryUmts without
i remforeement; with at least a 28=6y compressive strength of 2,500 psi
Use in accordance with the pad manufacturer's instructions. Must be certified for
ABS plastic Stable soils
use in the soil classification at the site, listed and labeled for the required load ca-
pacity.
Pro rieta s s#ems' Consults stem manufacturerConsultsystem=manufac �ry{�
p �' Y Y -� turer.
STEP 5. SIZE FOOTINGS j
Once the load on the footing and the soil
of each footing as follows:
1. From Table 9 determine if the F
inch) or double -stack blocks (1 f
2. Locate the group of rows in Tat
in Prepare the Site, STEP 5. Id
j
FROST LINE (p. 12). Use the n
pear.
3. Read across the table to detern
minimum footing thickness for tl
stacked blocks).
4. The required footing size may I;
(Table 6 or Table 7). 1
TABLE 9. PIER CONFIGURATION
etween 36 in and 67 in and ci
ar piers over 3 blocks high
1 in or less
in or less
3etween,84 in an 80 inch
capacity are known, calculate the size
er is to be of single -stack blocks (8 inch x16
inch x 16 inch) pier.
le 10 with the soil -bearing capacity determined
TERMINE SOIL -BEARING CAPACITY AND
Dxt lowest value if the exact value does not ap-
ine the minimum required footing area and the
e corresponding footing type (single or double -
changed by selecting another support spacing
blocks'with, long, side,'
rto,l-beam .
Double, interlocked blocks
z5Ingle-MCK DIOGKS_wlm long!siae
parallel to penmeter.rail (rim foist))
Single -stack blocks with long side
perpendicular to the marriage line
Double, interlockedblocks
16,000 Ibs.
8 000 Ibs: ,
8,000 Ibs.
1.61000%lbs"
22 !Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
V&IFZZA
Frost protection. When se-
lecting footing materials,
bear in mind the need for
frost protection. Not all
footing materials are suita-
ble for freezing climates...
P of ALge
PHILLIP J. 9
-COEFLANLZ
�1 At
NEER z}
32035
A 0
o�oS-io j En9Sco
June 1, 2015
MANUMCTURED EEAUTITUIIY�
TABLE 10. FOOTING DIMENSIONS
.. . . .
(single-stackblocks) � . c
..
Bear' axim
ing
Capacity..
256 16 x 16 181 6 1640 6 1640
384 24 x 16 M-� 23 �6 � 1 2460 1 6 -- � 2460
576 24 x 24 281 8 3600 6 3700
1024 a� 32 x 32-- 36_i__� f��.v_ 12A _J6040 _ 8 �iu 6400 i
1296 36 x 36 41 14 7420 10 7870
x 48 P 54 20.,,..__.�, ,I 0 � _ 16 �_-12800�
256 16 x 16 18 6 2530 6 2530
384 24 x 16 � ` 23 �= . 6 ' 3800 �.�_6 � 3800
576 24 x 24 281 8 _ 5600 6 5700
�� _
1024 32 x 32 36 € _12 8000'8 9950
1296 36 x 36 41 - - 10 12370
2304- 48 x 48 7F 54
-]f-77' . F 16 7 16000
256F 16 x 16 181
6 3420 6 3420
384 �24 x 16 ?31.
rt � 5130 4�- 6. 5130
(`
576 24 x 24 28
oil_ _ __. _ _ - ,_-.—,._— _ _ _
8 7600 6 7700
.._ _ __ -,.
���
F--
1024 32- x 325
r
12 8000 8 �L 13510_
1296 36 x 36 41 - 10 16000
-y
f
256 16 x 16 181 6 4310 6 4310
�T384 24 -'x 16. �.. 23' 6,'" 6460 L 6 6460
576 24 x 24 28I 8 8000 6 9700
1024 I '32 11 x 32
256 16 x 16 18 6 5200 6 5200
800 384�-� 24�x. T67! - J� .. 7800
L^ �6
t�• 576 24 x 24 28 8 8000 11700
1024� 32 x 32� 36, ..�._. •i_ - � 8 �( 16000
256 16 x 16 181 6 6970 6 6970
_._ . _384 24 x 16 23 6 8000 � - 6 - 10460
576 24 x 24 28 - 6 15700
1024.
32 x'32-
36 •••
8 -�
16000
Note: The capacity values listed have been reduced by the dead load of the concrete footing.
Design footings to comply with the following additional requirements:
• Design each footing at least slightly larger than the base of the pier it supports.
• To keep footings directly under 1-beams and other support points, size them slightly larg-
er than the minimum required area to allow slight adjustment of the pier location during
home installation.
• Design footings with a footing extension (projection beyond the base of the pier) no
greater than the footing thickness (Figure 13). Increase footing thickness if necessary.
June 1, 2015
WMAI 0•
M.......U,---aUT! ,- Manufacturer's)Installation Manual - June 2015 23
4" 6"
4T
Footing Extends NO Extends By
YES By Its Thickness Than ItsTh
Or Less
4" 8"
Split Footing Exter
YES Less Than One Tt
I is width
• The footing sizes shown are
(square inches) Design non
equal to or greater than the
ble 10, and the distance fror
not more than the thickness
• For four -inch thick unreinfor(
footing size for the six-inch c
16" Block
4"
Typ 24"
16" 16"
za"
4" 4"
Split Footing Extends
NO More Than One Third
I is width
NO
16"
YES �]� \ E6\
)r square pads and are based on the surface area
quare footings such that the area and depth is
ea and depth of the square footing shown in Ta-
the edge of the pier to the edge of the footing is
f the footing.
d precast concrete footings, use the minimum
st-in-place footing from Table 10.
STEP 6. INSTALL FOOTINGS
Construct the footings as follows:
• Maintain the distance between adjacent piers to within 10% of the tabulated
spacing and so the average distance between any adjacent spans is equal to or
less than the tabulated spacing.
• Whenever possible, place point load supports directly under the required loca-
tions. If plumbing, electrical, mechanical equipment interferes, place supports
no more than 6 inches in either direction of the support point.
• Recess perimeter blocking supports and perimeter point load supports no more
than 10 inches from the edge of the floor with added support as shown
in Figure 14.
Exteri
Pressure treated 4 x 4 or 2 4 x 4's
On:Edge &piled Together) Spanning
Minimum 2 Floor Joists.
Floor
10" Max Setback From
Edge of Floor
Pier
Typical Floor
Joist
Figure 13. Maximum footing
extensions
&I
0
Placing Concrete anchors.
If anchors will be placed in
concrete, follow instruc-
tions in Install Stabilizing
System (p. 60) to deter-
mine anchor layout. Either
place anchors immediately
after the concrete has
been poured or drill them
in after the concrete has
set.
Figure 14. Perimeter support.
K"iViVAIMILOAM
24 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 1
MANUPA .... BEAVTIfUIIY'
If footings are rectangular, orient them so th
the home's I-beam.
Place the bottom of footings on undisturbed
90% of its maximum relative density.
In freezing climates protect footings from thi
ance with any LAHJ requirements (see Prel
tom of the footings below the frost line (insu
slabs are other frost protection options not c
Make sure the top surface of the footing is Ii
In accordance with the American Concrete I
tain curing measures before construction or
ing begins, until a minimum of 70% of the sl
strength has been achieved. The ACI recon
strength is seven days for ASTM C150 Typo
mixtures. Full design live and dead loads m�
duration has elapsed for achieving full stren
the long side is perpendicular to
or fill compacted to at least
effects of frost heave in accord -
ire the Site, p. 10). Place the bot-
ited foundations and monolithic
ivered in this manual).
tel, flat, and smooth.
stitute publication AC1-308, main-
istallation onto the concrete foot-
;cified 28-day compressive
nended time to attain this level of
1 mixtures and 10 days for Type II
not be applied until the 28-day .
Excavation. If
excavation is required, mark
the footing locations on the
ground with stakes before
beginning to dig.
M,„�,p�,�,E„Ep„„�„„y_ Manufacturer' Installation Manual - June 2015 25
Construct Foundation
(FOR HOMES WITH LOAD -BEARING PERIMETER WALL)
This chapter provides guidelines and recommendations for the design and construction of a basement or crawlspace
foundation using a load -bearing perimeter wall. A load -bearing perimeter wall foundation system uses a wall along the
outer edge Of the home to support the fiome's outside walls. This perimeter support works with interior supports such as
piers, columns, and cross beams that support the home's frame and, if multi -section, marriage line.
STEP 1.
OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN (p. 26)
STEP 2.
EXCAVATE (p. 26)7�
STEP 3.
CONSTRUCT THEI FOOTING OR SLAB (p.`26)„
V, STEP 4.
CONSTRUCT THE', PERIMETER WALL (p. 26)
STEPS.
a
INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS (p. 27)
STEP 6.
DAMP PROOF FOUNDATION WALL (p. 27)
STEP 7.
BACKFILL AND GRADE (p. 27)
STEP 1. OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN
If a load -bearing perimeter wall foundation design has not been provided by the home
manufacturer, it is the responsibility of the retailer and/or home owner to provide a de-
sign approved by a professional engineer or registered architect. The approved design
must comply with the LAHJ regulations for foundation design, waterproofing, and
drainage, and the following:
• The foundation perimeter bearing wall must be supported with a concrete slab
or continuous strip footing aroiund the perimeter of the home. Interior piers
must be supported by a slab or footings. If footings are used under interior
piers, they may be designed as in Install Footings, p. 15.
• Slabs must extend to the edges of the home.
• Footings and slabs must be protected from the effects of frost heave by ex-
tending the footings to or below the frost line or by using a frost protected
shallow foundation design.
STEP2. EXCAVATE
Excavate for the foundation, properly disposing of the earth that is not needed for
backfill or site -grading purposes.
STEP 3. CONSTRUCT THE FOOTINGS OR SLAB
Construct the foundation according to the approved design, including the perimeter
foundation wall, drainage system, footing(s), and/or slab.
STEP 4. CONSTRUCT THE PERIMETER WALL
Unless the approved design requires otherwise, construct the perimeter wall with mor-
tared and reinforced concrete blocks or reinforced poured -in -place concrete. Install re-
inforcement according to the approved design or LAHJ. Install ventilation and access
openings according to the approved design, or if not specified, according to the re-
quirements in Complete Exterior Work, STEP 3 INSTALL SKIRTING (p. 90).
V, /! I VZZA
Using engineered designs.
This section is NOT intend-
ed to provide a complete
design for a buildable foun-
dation. A complete design
must be obtained that is
suitable for the local area
and sealed by a professional
engineer or registered archi-
tect.
Foundation ready home.
Make sure that homes to be
installed on a basement or a
crawlspace have been or-
dered with a recessed frame
or as foundation -ready,
where the frame is designed
to avoid interference with the
foundation wall.
Checking the water table. For
basements, check for a high
water table. The water table
may vary seasonally or based
on weather conditions. A ge-
ologist can perform an algae
test to determine the water
table level. The foundation
design must account for a
high water table.
26 1 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
CHAMPION'
When constructing pockets for an H-beam system, measure the beam depth and
Level the wall. Make sure
locate the pockets carefully. It is critical that when the home's frame rests on top of
the foundation is level and
the H-beam, the perimeter of the floor rests squarely on the extended foundation
straight with no more than a
wall. Leave room for a spacer on top of the wall pockets (to prevent corrosion, the
1/4 inch vertical variation
steel beams must not be in direct contact with concrete). Leave at least one inch for
over the entire foundation
thermal expansion at the ends of the beams and maintain a minimum of two inches
and no more than 1/8 inch
of bearing area for the beams in the pockets (yielding a minimum pocket depth of
vertical variation over any
three inches).
two -foot length.
Bolt a pressure treated wood sill plate (minimum 2 x ) to the top of the foundation
wall. Connect the home to the foundation according t the approved design. Re-
Check for Plates. When us-
ing an H-beam system,
cess nuts into the sill plate and cut off the ends of bolts so they do.not project above
the sill plate and interfere with the placement of the hlul
check and compensate for
reinforcement plates that
add thickness to the chas-
sis beam at axle locations.
Figure 15. Omitted
Figure 16. Omitted
STEP 5. INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS
Install piers, columns and H-beams to support the interior of the home according to the
approved design.
STEP 6. DAMP PROOF FOUNDATION WALL
Damp proof the foundation wall no less than up to the height of the planned backfill.
Is this a basement foundation?
• • to • Limits of ex-ca-
11110- • • to STEP 7. BACKFILL AND GRADE,• vation. When a crane will
be used, excavate no more
than two feet outside the
foundation perimeter. Un-
STEP 7. BACKFILL AND GRADE excavated ground will pro-
Backfill against the foundation wall to the height of the damp proofing. Take care to not vide a the crane.
ore stable base for
damage the drainage system. Grade the fill as per Prepare the Site P. 10).
Footing heights. Pour foot-
ings to a height that will re-
duce the need to cut blocks
or shim when building peri-
meter walls and piers.
i
A
Backfilling. Backfill against
basement walls only after
the home is connected to
the foundation or the
basement walls may deflect
inward or collapse.
MANUTADiUEED BEAU•UIIY�
Installation Manual - June 2015
27
Set the Home
This chapter describes the process of
tion) onto the foundation.
STEP 1. PREPARE FOR
Before beginning the home set, comp
• Confirm that the site is prom
the first section of the home (for single section homes this is the only sec -
the following:
cleared and graded
(see Prepare the Site, p. 10.)
• Ensure that the footings are in! place and properly located.
• Install any utilities that will be difficult to install (e.g. those below grade beneath
the home) after the home is in place.
• Secure or remove from the hone and properly store all ship loose items (refer
to shipping documents for items shipped with the home).
• Inspect the home interior, exterior and all provided materials, appliances, and
equipment. Immediately reporlt any damage or shortages to the manufacturer.
• The ground moisture retarder nay be installed now or after the home is com-
plete. See. Complete Exterio Work, STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE
RETARDER (p. 89) for requirement and then return here.
For perimeter bearing wall foundations:
• Check that the length and wid h of the home match with the foundation walls.
• Check that the two main diagonal measurements of the foundation are equal.
• Check that the foundation ways and other support points are within 1/4 inch of
level overall and within 1/8 inch of level within any four foot distance.
• For multi -section homes, check that each pair of diagonal measurements for
each portion of the foundation corresponding to a home section are equal.
• For multi -section homes, find the electrical bonding lugs on the front or rear
outriggers. Reverse them to the inside of the outrigger using star washers so
they will be accessible after the home is placed on the foundation walls.
• If using an H-beam system, remove the frame's shackle hanger if it will inter-
fere with proper placement of the beam.
STEP 2. POSITION HOME SECTION
Position the home section in its final location (if possible, move the heaviest section of
the home into place first). Then place materials needed to construct support piers near
their final locations under the home as determined in Install Footings, (p. 15).
STEP 3. LIFT HOME
There are three primary methods available to place the home on the foundation: jacking,
rolling and craning. Jacks, often with roller systems, are typically used for pier and anchor
foundations; roller systems are commonly used for crawlspace foundations with load -
bearing, perimeter walls; and cranes are most commonly used for basement foundations.
V&+0ZrZ1d
Clearances under the
home. After the home is
leveled, the resulting dis-
tance between the bottom
of the entire chassis main
frame beam and the
ground must be no less
than 12 inches.
Utilize proper cribbing.
Manufactured homes
weigh several tons. No
one should be under the
home (whether it is mov-
ing or stationary) unless
proper cribbing is in place
(Figure 17). Failure to uti-
lize proper cribbing may
result in serious injury or
death.
Leveling during
jacking. Keep the home's
floor as level as possible
during jacking. Twisting or
warping the floor can dam-
age the structure and finish-
ing. Use as many jacks as
necessary to keep the floor
flat and level.
28 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 1µ-1-1- u, I.-
JACKS
If jacks are to be used, comply with all jacking safety !precautions and.the procedure
below. Lifting the home with jacks involves potential risks and must be done with ut-
most care and caution. Failure to follow jacking warnings and procedures may result in
serious injury or death. Please read the Jacking Safety Precautions before lifting the
home with jacks.
• No one should be under the home while the jacks are being operated or while
the home is supported only on the jacks.
• Use jacks only for raising the home. Do not rely on the jacks to support the
home.
• If possible, raise the home only on one side so that the other side is in contact
with the ground. Leave the hitch connected to the vehicle or other stabilizing
equipment.
• Obey all OSHA regulations.
• Make sure adequate safety cribbing (Figure 17) is in place whenever the
home is placed on jacks.
• Use a minimum of two commercial quality jacks, each with a rating of at least
12 tons.
• Jack only on the main chassis I-beam, centering jacks directly under the
beam.
• Do not jack on a seam (joint between flanges of twin I -beams)..
• To distribute the concentrated loads from jacks to I' -beam, place a minimum
3/8-inch thick steel plate, a C-channel, a 1'/-inch thick hardwood block or a
commercial jacking plate, between the main chassis I-beam and the jack head.
• Locate the jack base on firm ground. Never jack on freshly disturbed soil or
.where an underground sewer pipe may be located.
• Use a firm support under the jack base to prevent tipping or settling of the jack.
A minimum 16" x 16" or larger wood or rigid fiberglass pad is recommended.
Never use concrete blocks as a support for a jack.
Follow the jacking sequence outlined below to avoid ;overstressing structural members:
1. Block wheels. Block the wheels so the house does not roll.
2. Install cribbing. Install safety cribbing (Figure 17).
— — —
A_M___J 111:�
3. Level lengthwise. Locate one jack at the hitch and level the section length-
wise (such that the front and rear of the section are at the same height).
4. Locate frame jacks. Place a minimum of one jack just forward of the first
spring hanger and another just behind the last spring hanger of the I-beam on
the side of the home that is lowest (making sure not to place jacks where the
piers will go). Place jacks no more than 20 feet apart and no more than 20
feet from each end of the I-beam.
5. Lift the home. Operating the jacks simultaneously (or sequentially in very
small increments), lift the home section until it is slightly higher than the final
desired pier height.
Figure 17. Stack 4"x 6"by 5'
long timbers as shown to form
safety timbers. Place safety
timbers under home behind
axle area and under hitch.
MMINWAVAIROKOWN
MA„.1— .... ..Manufactureris Installation Manual - June 2015 29
ROLLER SYSTEMS
When using a roller system, comply v
the following sequence:
1. Establish staging area. Esl
both sides of the foundation.
the equipment manufacturer's directions and
ish a staging area directly adjacent to one or
2. Setup rollers. Set up the rolle system according to the equipment manufac-
turer's directions.
3. Fasten bump blocks. Temporarily fasten wooden bump blocks on the sill
plates at the ends of the foundation to stop the home from rolling at the de-
sired location.
4. Roll home. Roll the home into
place over the foundation.
5. Remove bump blocks. R- the blocks before installing the next section
of a multi -section home.
CRANES
When using a crane, follow these guid
• Position the home section(s)
ation) such that they do not I
• Use enough properly sized s
prevent damage to the strucl
• Place straps under walls or F
the opening. Do not position
• Use a properly sized spreads
compression forces on the e
crane (taking the boom reach into consider -
to be repositioned during the set.
; to maintain balance of the home and to
, including temporary posts used to support
I straps under marriage wall openings.
r to maintain a vertical lift, to avoid placing
and to reduce any tendency to slip.
• Connect a rope to at least one point on the home so it can be controlled while
aloft.
• Make provisions to retrieve the straps/cables after the home is set. If using a
cradle system, notch the sill plate where the straps will fall. For a sling sys-
tem, notch and reinforce the home's rim joist to keep the strap from slipping
and allow the strap to be remol ed after the home is set.
• Always set the home section farthest from the crane first so that subsequent
section(s) need not be lifted over previously set sections.
STEP 4. CONSTRUCT PIERS
For the side of the home section that is up on jacks, place piers on footings or pads fol-
lowing the home manufacturer's blocking plan (or tags). If no plan was provided, use
the support plan developed in Install Footings (p. 15). Start at one end of the home
section and work toward the other noting the required pier material specifications and
procedure described below.
Construct piers so as to provide a stable foundation for the home using materials listed
in the specifications box below and based on the location of the pier and its height as
measured from the top of the footing or bad to the top of the cap. See Table 12 for pier
construction requirements.
i /,
No one should be under the
home while it is suspended.
Never put your hands between
the house and the perimeter
walls and support beams
V&Irzzj
Designing piers. Incorrect
size, location or spacing of
piers may result in serious
structural damage to the
home. Install piers at all re-
quired locations. Failure to do
so may lead to sagging
floors, walls, and roofs, and
could void the home's war-
ranty.
011
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
CHAMPION'
TABLE 11_ PIER MATERIAL MINIMUM SPECIFICATIONS
mponent Specification
• :. Nominal dimensions of at least 8" x 8" x 16' ;conforming to ASTM designation C90, grade N.
Solid masonry (nominal 4" x 8" x 16" pre -cast concrete without reinforcement); pressure treated lumber
.. (nominal 2" x 8" x 16"); or steel (minimum 1/2" thick, corrosion protected by a min. of a 10 mil coating of an
exterior paint or equivalent).
Spacers Nominal 2" thick boards. (Two
layers maximum) Tack double layers to hold in place.
Hardwood, Southern Pine or Douglas Fir Larch, minimum 4" width by minimum 6" length by maximum 1"
thick (nominal); plastic must be listed with maximum load capacity; used in pairs.
Available in various sizes stamped with maximum load capacity and listed or labeled for the required verti-
Commercial metal or • cal load capacity, and where required by design, for the appropriate horizontal load capacity. Metal or
concretecast other manufactured piers must be provided with protection against weather deterioration and corrosion at
least equivalent to that provided by a coating of zinc on steel of .30 oz per sq. ft of surface coated.
treatedPressure wood With a water -borne preservative, in accordance with AWPA Standard U1-04 for Use Category 4B ground
contact applications.
TABLE 12. PIER CONSTRUCTION
Less than 36 in (except ,,Single -stack bl
corner piers more than 3 .,side perpendic
blocks high)
Between 36 in and 67 in
and corner piers over 3
Double, interlo
blocks high
Over 67 in
Single -stack bl
54 in or less
side parallel to
(rim joist)
!Single -stack bl
54 in or less
;;side perpendic
�marriaae line
o with long
to I-beam " ,�2" 8,000 lbs. 'Not required
,
J blocks 1" ('YV up to 36" 16,000 lbs. Not required
high)
Designed by a registered engineer or registered architect
S with long up to
over
36" high
meter rail '�z' 1" o36" high, 8,000 lbs. Not required
s with long ,
to the ' up to 36" high, ; 8,000 lbs. Not required
1" over 36" high
Between 54 in and 80 in' Double, interlocked blocks 1" 16,000 lbs Not required
* Construct perimeter and marriage line piers over 80 inches according to the requirements for frame piers of the same height.
1. Prepare footing surface. Make sure the footing surface upon which the pier
sits is flat and smooth. Before placing the pier on the footing, clean dirt, rocks,
or other material off the surface of the footing. For cast -in -place concrete foot-
ings, if the footing surface is uneven, create' a level, flat surface by placing a
treated board on the footing and mortaring on the first block (or manufactured
pier base), or by placing the first block (or manufactured pier base) on a layer
of premix dry sand mortar.
2. Stack blocks. Stack concrete blocks with their hollow cells aligned vertically.
When piers are constructed of blocks stacked side -by -side, orient each layer
at right angles to the previous one (Figure 18) and plan blocks so that split
caps will be perpendicular to the blocks they rest on and to the I-beam.
PHILLIP J. '
COP AND
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June 1, 2015
Manufacture's Installation Manual - June 2015 31
Woad 8hl=b FBI
'MR LIP b 11 ma
OpSonid 2d
sp-
4.WG Caimeta
Cap mUbdO P T.
a 1? deal
Typlaw ax e
CwlaMa amdi
3. Cap piers. Place a cap on
load. Use caps the same le
using split caps on double-;
dimension perpendicular to
beam.
4. Install shims. Use shims to le
base of the I-beam and the tol
(Figure 19). Drive them in tigh
vertical space. When the spac
less than the minimum thickne
hardwood, southern pine or D(
(two layers maximum) or 2" or
shims and dimensional lumbei
I -Beam
Shims
Spacer
hWn F9aaa—
Wood ShMin 10 Fi
Gape Up b 1' ma
Op5wml ()) W a
•(1) 2M SPamr'--1
4XW8 Caxmte QP -f
Coma Blork
)w block piers to evenly distribute the structural
and width as the piers they rest upon. When
ced block piers, install the caps with the long
joint in the blocks below and to the main I -
'el the home and fill any gaps between the
of the pier cap. Always use shims in pairs
y so they do not occupy more than one inch of
to be shimmed is greater than one inch and
s of available caps or concrete blocks, use
iglas fir larch dimensional lumber 2x spacer
V thick concrete block. For split caps, install
blocks over each individual cap.
5. Set up level. Set up a water level with the fluid level at the desired height of
the main piers. Carefully lower the side of the section down onto the leveled
piers, adjusting the final height with shims.
Figure 18. Frame pier
construction
i ' //
Curing time of mortar.
Where wet mortar is used to
construct or level piers, al-
low it to cure to at least 80%
of strength capacity (usually
requiring 96 hours) before
setting the home.
Figure 19. Correct shim
placement
Dimensions of
masonry perimeter walls.
If using a masonry perimeter
enclosure, calculate pier
heights so that the enclo-
sure can be built using
standard unit dimensions
(without cutting).
32 IManufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
USING A WATER LEVEL
A water level is a standard device for leveling the home. The level
consists of the following components:
• One container (five gallon bucket or one gallon jug).
150 feet of 1/2 inch diameter plastic tubing.
• Fittings for container to tubing.
• Valve for terminal end of tubing.
• Liquid for system: colored water in warm climates, windshield
washing fluid in cold climates.
W.W,Lh.
C..h.r
to use a water level'
M
C.5b
Position level. Position the level such that it can reach all piers.
Place container. Place the container so that the fluid in the con-
tainer is at the same level as the desired level of the top of the
supports under the home, allowing for any bracing below the lev-
el of the I -beams.
Uncoil tubing. Uncoil the tubing and fill with fluid, taking care not
to introduce bubbles into the hose. Never allow anything to crimp
or crush the tubing so as to impede the free flow of fluid..
Bleed air. Hold the valve below the levelof the water container;
open the valve to bleed out any air and close the valve.
Establish height. Locate the tubing adjacent to a pier that is set
to the desired final height. Position the valve above the pier and
open the valve. Move the water container up or down to where
the water level is at the desired final height of the pier. Maintain
the water container in that position and close the valve.
Level piers. Move the tubing to the next pier. Hold the valve
above the -pier and open it. Set the pier height to the level of the
water in the tubing and close the valve. Repeat this step until all
6. Complete the opposite side. Jack the other side of the section up and install
piers following the instructions above. At the completion of this step, the sec-
tion should be level from front to rear and from side to side.
7. Install perimeter and marriage line piers) Install perimeter piers and for
multi -section homes, marriage line piers. Position marriage line piers to pro-
vide equal bearing for both mating sections.
8. Remove running gear. Remove and store,, recycle or properly dispose of the
hitch, axles, and wheels. These items are the property of the homeowner un-
less other contractual arrangements have been made.
i0
Level the home. The home is
adequately leveled if there is
no more than 1/4 inch differ-
ence between adjacent pier
supports (frame or perime-
ter) and the exterior doors
and windows of the home do
not bind and can be properly
operated.
Water level operation. To
operate the water level
properly, both ends of the
system must be open to the
atmosphere and there must
be approximately the same
amount of fluid in the tubing
at all times (within a few
inches).
Installation Manual - June 2015 33
Complete Multi -Section Set
This chapter covers the preparation and installation of additional home sections, including the structural connections be-
tween units, raising and fastening hinged roofs, and fastening the home to a load -bearing perimeter wall foundation.
STEP 1. MARRIAGE LINE ANCHORS
CHORS (p. 34)
STEP 2. REMOVE PROTECTIVE SHIPPING MATERIALS (p. 34)
C
STEP 3. COMPLETE HINGED ROOF (p. 34)
f
V STEP 4.' REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE GASKET (p, 36)
STEP 5. POSITION ADDITIONAL HOME SECTIONS (p.37)
STEP 6. CONNECT FLOORS (p. 37)
1
STEP 7. CONNECT ROOF (p. 39)
• STEP 8. CONNECT WALLS (p. 40)
i
•
STEP 9. ATTACH TAG UNITS OR (AC) GARAGE (p. 42)
STEP 10. REMOVE TEMPORARY ITEMS (p. 43)
STEP 11. FASTEN' HOME TO FOUNDATION (p. 43)
i
STEP 12. BACKFILL AND GRADE (p. 43)
STEP 13. BUILD STAIRS (p. 4p)
STEP 1. MARRIAGE LINE l�ANCHORS
Ground anchors along the marriage line are not required (unless called out in installation
addendum).
STEP 2. REMOVE PROTECTIVE SHIPPING MATERIALS
Remove all shipping protection and associated fasteners from both home sections to be
joined, including plastic used to close up the open sides during transportation. Do not re-
move the temporary supports holding up the ceilings at major openings.
i
STEP 3. COMPLETE HINGED ROOF
If the home has a hinged roof that has been folded down for shipping, raise the roof using a
crane or roof jacks following the procedure "below:
1. Position lift points. Position the roof lift points (jacks or crane lift points) following
the jack manufacturer or crane operator instructions. Space roof lift points equally
along the length of the roof with no more than five feet from the end of the roof to
the first or last lift points. Use three lift points for a roof up to 48 feet long (exclud-
ing overhangs), four lift points for up to 60 feet, and five lift points for up to 72 feet.
2. Remove fasteners. Remove any temporary fasteners connecting the hinged por-
tion of the roof to the vertical king posts.
3. Lift roof. Raise the roof to its intended height. A temporary slight overextension
may be required during lifting. However, take care not to overextend the roof and
damage the hinge. Raise the roof evenly in small increments, keeping it level
throughout the entire process to prevent racking. Do not allow roofing paper and
shingles to get caught in the hinge crease.
V&AZZA
Position roof jacks. Posi-
tion jacks vertically to pre-
vent the jack foot from kick-
ing out or sliding.
Caution during roof rais-
ing. Do not enter the roof
cavity during the raising
procedure.
Checklists for alternate
construction. If the serial
number (see the data plate
or the chassis front cross
member) has the letters
"AC" in the serial number,
then the Alternate Con-
struction on -site check list
supplied with the home
must be completed and re-
turned to the home manu-
facturer in a timely manner.
If the AC checklist relates
to the roof, then failure to
do so may require future
34 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 MANUPACTUBEDBlAUTIPULLY-
4. Secure king posts. Position the hinged king posts (may be a knee wall) atop
the fixed king posts or against the wooden stop (Figure 20). The king posts are
either hinged to the underside of the hinged truss top chord or shipped loose as
a knee wall stored in the roof cavity. Position them as needed to level the roof,
aligning each king post with the king post directly beneath it, and securing it in
place per hinged roof truss installation addendum.
ids of each home section
45 degrees downward.
i (2) 7/16" x 2-1/2" x 15 ga
ge top chord, unfold the
hord roof truss installation
3er portion of the roof to the
lower fixed portion of the root just below hinges with two (2) 15ga staples or
8d nails at each truss (Figure 24) or, if wood blocking is present, at six inches
o.c. along blocking.
8. Redistribute Insulation. Before closing up the attic space check that the insu-
lation has not shifted. Re -level the insulation if needed.
9. Install gable walls. Assembled frames or wall studs and sheathing needed for
the site assembly of the gable end walls and interior shear wall knee walls (if
present) may be provided. Install the gable end walls for each home section as
follows (Figure 25):
• Frames: fasten frames to truss top chord and web, or,
• Studs: Install studs 16 inches o.c., and;
• Sheathing: Install sheathing. i
disassembly of the roof and
further inspections.
Figure 20. (Left) Hinged
roof truss (drawing is typical,
actual truss configuration
may vary)
Figure 21. (Right) Hinged
king post to fixed king post
(drawing is typical, actual
truss configuration may vary)
Figure 22.Typical Diagonal
bracing. Also, see hinged roof
truss installation addendum.
Figure 23. (Left) Double
hinged top chord (AC Letter
required)
Figure 24. (Right) Sheathing
at hinge line
M.„u,qc,u.- �,,, ,,y_ Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 35
King Post
Wedge
Truss Top
Chord
-H inge
10. Install vents. Extend plumbing) vents, exhaust fans, appliance vents, and fire-
place stacks through the hinged portion of the roof in strict accordance with
this manual (Prepare Appliances and Equipment, p. 79) and/or supple-
mental instructions provided bylthe home manufacturer.
ge Assembly
STEP 4. REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE GASKET
A continuous, non -porous gasket creating a permanent air barrier must be installed on
at least one side of the marriage line; alo g the floor, end walls and ceiling (and mar-
riage lines for any tag units). The manufTcturer"has provided a marriage line gasket ei-
ther installed on the home or shipped loose. If installed, inspect the gasket and repair
any gaps or tears.
If not installed at the factory, install a continuous gasket between the home sections
along the floor, end walls, and ceiling (Figure 28).
For homes with through -the -rim crossover ducts (see Crossover Connections, p. 49)
inspect and if necessary, repair gaskets around the rim joist duct openings using 3/4-
inch thick fiberglass duct board or other rpaterial acceptable to the manufacturer. En-
sure that duct openings are unobstructed, (Figure 27).
Marriage Lhe
Gasket
Fbor Deckhg �
Rim J.0 —1 X III X l Dud
1—IMbn
Bottom Board
Figure 25. End wall comple-
tion. See hinged roof truss
installation addendum.
' //
Inspecting vents. Fuel fired
heating appliance and fire-
place vents that pass
through a hinged roof must
be completed and inspect-
ed at the site prior to ener-
gizing the appliance or oc-
cupying the home. Failure
to comply with this precau-
tion may result in serious
injury or death. Venting
systems must be installed
in conformance with the
appliance manufacturer's
instructions and any in-
structions supplied with the
home. (AC letter required)
Figure 26. Ridge cap
assembly. (AC Letter
Required)
V&10ZZA
Checking through -the -rim -
ducts. Ensure that through -
the -rim -duct connections
are secure and tight after
the home sections are to-
gether.
Figure 27. In -floor duct
showing crossover through
rim joist
1
36 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 MANUTACTURID ILAUTITULM
A CONTINUOUS. NON —POROUS GASKET
WITH A MINIMUM THICKNESS OF 1 1/4- AND
INSTALL PER MANUFACTURER'S INSTALLATION
INSTRUCTIONS ON ONE SIDE OF THE
MARRIAGE LINE(S).
GASKET MAY HAVE BEEN INSTALLED AT THE
FACTORY OR SHIPPED LOOSE WITH HOME. —
INSTALL 3/4- DUCT BOARD GASKET AROUND ALL
INTERNAL CROSS OVER DUCTS.
DO NOT PLACE GASKET IN A POSITION WHERE IT
WILL RESTRICT AIR FLOW AT INTERNAL CROSSOVER
DUCTS.
STEP 5. POSITION ADDITIONAL HOME SECTIONS
Follow this procedure to install additional home sections:
1. Remove obstructions. Remove protruding
that will keep the home sections from fitting
temporary ceiling and floor plates at the edc
ing care not to damage ceiling or floor cove
riage line support posts (these supports an(
the home sections have been structurally cc
2. Complete crossovers. Before moving the
any crossover connections that require accl
including the attic duct connection (if preser
trical connections (see Connect Crossover
3. Position section. Position the section as cl
six inches) and line up with the previously s
positioning system or crane, follow the systl
the crane operator's directions.
nails and staples or anything else
:ogether snugly. If present, cut the
as of marriage line openings tak-
ings or displace temporary mar -
the plates will be removed after
nnected).
No sections together, complete
ss from the open marriage line,
t) and marriage wall interior elec-
t, p.49).
)sely as possible (ideally within
It section. If using a mechanical
m manufacturer's instructions or
4. Construct piers. With the outside walls of the home aligned, construct the
piers for the home section according to the linstructions in Set the Home (p.
28) before continuing to the steps below.
5. Level section. Lower the section onto the outside piers first, inside piers last.
Before releasing the mechanical positioning system, check interior doorways
and other openings for misalignments that may cause problems during trim -
out. The floors should be flush, level, and tight and the roof section should
have little, if any, gap at the top of the marriage line. Use at least two come -a -
longs to pull the sections snugly together and use the water level or other lev-
eling device to set all piers and shims. 1
6. Shim gaps. Shim any gaps up to one inch between structural elements with
dimensional lumber. If any gaps exceed one inch, re -position the home to
eliminate such gaps. I
STEP 6. CONNECT FLOORS
Make floor structural connections according to the I ethod described below.
Install toed fasteners through bottom board
Install fasteners at approximately a 45 degree angle (+/- 5 degrees) from horizontal as
shown in (Figure 29) using the fastener type, size, and spacing indicated on Table 13.
TABLE 13. FLOOR CONNECTION FASTENING SPECIFICATIONS
Lag screw with washer 5/16" x 4-1/2— 36 in.1 20 in. 16 in.
Wood screw H #8 x 4- _; 24 in.:
* Increase fastener lengths by 3 inches for double rim
i
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
I
I
Figure 28. Marriage Line
Gasket
Mechanical posi-
tioning system. For a pier -
set home, a mechanical
positioning system (such as
a roller system) will make
the process easier and saf-
er and be less likely to
damage the home.
Sealing gaps. Prior to com-
pletion of the exterior close-
up, gaps that do not exceed
one inch are permitted be-
tween structural elements
provided that the gaps are
closed before completion of
close-up, the home sec-
tions are in contact with
each other, and the mar-
riage gasket provides a
proper seal.
(PHILLIP J. '
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32035
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June 1, 2015
37
38
Marriage Line
Floor Decking
Figure 29. Floor connection
through bottom board (Fas-
Rim Joist
teners must penetrate the
rim joist by a minimum of 1
inches)
Fastener
Gasket
Stagger fasteners on either side of marriage line and offset them by half the spacing
distance (Figure 30).
Fastener Location
Marriage Line
Half
Spacing Spacing
From K
Figure 30. Staggered offset
Table Spacing
fastening along marriage line
x From
Spacing Table
From
Table
HaIF ` o
:Imacing
Spacing ble
E
Install fasteners indicated below, to in
additional as making sure repair any openings
the bottom board with tape specially made for that purpose (may be provided).
• Install two additional fasteners at each end of the home at approximately a 45
degree angle (+/- 5 degrees) from horizontal.
Patch bottom
• If the home has a through -the -rim crossover duct, install one additional fas-
board. Use adhesive
tener at each side of the duct opening.
spray, mastic, and/or diver-
gent staples in combination
• Optional - In Wind Zones II and1 III, fasten additional metal straps of minimum
with bottom board tape for
26 gauge, 1-1/2" wide galvanized steel spaced per Table 14 and fastened per
a more secure and durable
Table 15 to the underside of the floor joists (Figure 31). Select a strap length
connection.
sufficient to hold the required f�steners.
TABLE 14 MAXIMUM STRAP SPACING
Roof slDlIX!
Up to 4-in-12 96 in. 80 in.
Over 4-in-12 48'in. - 48 in. z7
TABLE 15. STRAP FASTENING MINIMUM SPECIFICATIONS
OF ALge
Galvanized staples 16ga 7/16" x Vipenetration 12 each side
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Roofing nails 1-1/2" long 9 each side
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June 1,2015
Aranufacturer's
Installation Manual - June 2015 MANUFgCTUREaREAUTIFUEEY`
Floor
Joist
Metal
Strap
Marriage
Line
;f--Marriage Lure
Decking
N al I V M V If Rim Jdst
Strap
STEP 7. CONNECT ROOF
If the marriage line along the roof is not snug, position jacks every 20 feet or less along
the outside I-beam and uniformly lift the section until the roof area is tight.
Check to make sure the ceiling joint is flush before installing the connections. If not,
use a jack and tee to raise whichever ceiling is low, starting at the front and working to
the rear of the home. Fasten the roof along the marriage line for either double or triple -
section homes. I
DOUBLE -SECTION HOMES
Make roof structural connections in double -section homes as described below
Install toed fasteners through roof sheathing
Install the fasteners through the roof deck into the rid ige_beams or roof rails at an ap-
proximately 45 degree angle (+/- 5 degrees) from horizontal (Figure 32) according to
the fastener spacing and specifications in Table 16. Stagger fasteners on each side of
marriage line and offset them by half the spacing disiance (Figure 30). Spacing indi-
cated is on -center, both sides of ridge. Make sure fasteners penetrate the ridge
beam/rail by a minimum of 1-1/2 inches both sides of ridge.
Fasteners
Roof Approx.
Sheathing 45��
Ridge Beam
TABLE 16. ROOF CONNECTIONS SPECI
Lag screw with washer 5/16" x 6" 28 ini 20 in. 12 in.
Wood screw #10 x 5" 18 in�_ -
Optional - In Wind Zones II and III install additional metal cap or straps as follows:
Caps
• Select metal caps made of minimum 8" x 3,0 ga galvanized steel or 0.019"
aluminum.
I
• Install caps continuously, overlapping by minimum of four inches at splices.
• Fasten caps with 1" x 1" x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12 ga 1-1/4" long x 3/8"
diameter head roof nails or #8 x 1-1/4" sheet metal screws at two inches o.c.
both sides of ridge. j
Figure 31. Metal strapping
for Wind Zones 11 and 111
l
V&IOZZA
Closing the roof gap. Level
and fasten the marriage
line joint at the floor before
jacking to tighten a roof
gap. DO NOT use roof fas-
teners to close any gaps.
Separation of the ridge
beams and trusses may
occur.
Figure 32. Toed fasteners
through roof sheathing
of AL4
PHILLIP J. 9
C0P AN
{z - EEeR x}
i} NO.
32035
A u
c °sai onol En9�n0
June 1, 2015
Installing lags. If lags are
used to connect roofs, use
appropriately sized wash-
ers, countersink the fasten-
er heads and fill the coun-
tersink holes with putty or
caulk to prevent shingles
• I
Manufactureir's Installation Manual - June 2015 39
Straps
• Select metal straps made of inimum 1-1/2" wide x 26 ga galvanized steel or
0.019" aluminum.
• Space straps a maximum of 9 inches o.c. for Wind Zone II and a maximum
80 inches o.c. for Wind Zone III.
TRIPLE -SECTION HOMES (WIND ZO
For triple -section homes where roof line
(Figure 34), follow the instructions belt
Install fasteners through pre-installe
For homes where sheathing is in place
install fasteners from the low side of thl
on both sides of marriage line, using th
on Table 17.
CenterSedlon
Metal (optonw)
Plan
E I ONLY)
run parallel to each other on adjacent units
to complete the connections at the roof.
sheathing
n both sides of the marriage line (Figure 33)
roof on an angle so as to penetrate roof beams
fastener specifications and spacings indicated
Line
Line
Fadxy4nate4led
Shims
TABLE 17. ROOF CONNECTION SPECIFICATIONS
Lag screw 5/16" x 6" I14in. - -
Wood screw +1 , 410 x 5" gin.
STEP 8. CONNECT WALL
Once the home is secured along the ma
terior doorways, and marriage line partiti
scribed below.
END WALLS
Install toed fasteners through sheath!
Toe fasteners through sheathing from th
(+/- 5 degrees) (Figure 35) according to
quirements in Table 18. See (Figure 3f
e line floor and roof, secure end walls,, in -
according to the appropriate method de -
exterior at an approximately 45 degree angle
ie fastener specifications and spacing re -
for staggered fastener pattern.
40 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
from sinking into the holes
over time.
When to use optional metal
straps. If a ridge vent will
be installed, use straps in-
stead of a continuous cap.
i ' //
Wind Zone II and III Triple
Section Homes. See In-
stallation Addendum in-
cluded with manual.
Figure 33. Triple -section roof
connection (Wind Zone 1On-
/Y)
Figure 34. Triple -section home
VPH1LL1PJ.-%'
N El 32035
ep
ro tonal
June 1, 2015
MA.UTAITU... /IAU•UIIY-
Gasket
Wall Studs
Exterior Siding
or Exterior
Siding
Underlayment
Fastener
TABLE 18_ END WALL FASTENER SPECIFICA
Fastener type Size
Spacing
Wood screw #8 x 3"
32in. o.c.
Nair 0.131 x 3%"
I 32in. o.c.
- MARRIAGE WALL COLUMNS
Check inside the home along the mate line for a label that identifies any support col-
umns) requiring special attachment. If found, make connections inside the home to
fasten support columns to the structure of the other section (Figure 36). By installing
fasteners according to the specifications and spacing requirements in Table 19. Toe
screw or through -screw to maintain 11/ inch screw penetration.
#8 X 4" SCREWS OR EQUIVALENT
FASTENERS AT 16" O.C. - TYPICAL
WALL WALL
WALL
TABLE 19. MARRIAGE WALL CONNECTION SPECIFICATIONS
Wood screw
#8 x 4"
16 in. o.c.
Figure 35. End wall connec-
tion toed through sheathing
Figure 36. Marriage line col-
umn connections
P J.
nIFJF�At
N NEER tf
A 32035�
June 1, 2015
MANU�ACTUlCO •lAU•ULIY`
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
41
STEP 9. ATTACH TAG UNIT:
(WIND ZONE I ONLY)
After the main unit has been set on its fc
following procedure:
/ AC GARAGES
ation, install all tag units according to the
1. Position and block the tag. Position the tag unit as close to the main unit as
possible at its intended locatio . Use a hitch jack to obtain approximate level-
ing and install pier supports according to Set the Home, STEP 2. POSITION
HOME SECTION (p. 28). DeteHne whether the tag and main unit floors are
designed to line up flush or are offset by a step and adjust the tag pier heights
accordingly.
2. Level the unit. Using a water level (p.33), verify that the piers are level. The
elevation of all points along thg lower flange of the I-beam should be no more
than 3/8 inches from the desired height and should not deviate more than 3/4
inches overall.
3. Connect floors. If the floor of t
the floors together as describes
the floors are offset, use the co,
the continuous 1 V x 1 '/2" x 1/
x 3" lag screws or #8 x 3" woods
to that used for the connection
4. Connect walls. Secure the tag
4" toe screws at 12 inches o.c.
are complete, finish the siding i
5. Connect roofs. Connect the to
screws, toe screwed at each m
truss) location. See Figure 391
roof connections with an offset
an offset less than two inches c
T¢g.UMI 1 11 1 N.M UA
`
ie tag unit is level with main unit floor, connect
in STEP 6. CONNECT FLOORS (p. 37). If
mection detail shown in Figure 37, fastening
3" angle iron to the tag unit with minimum 5/16"
screws. Match fastener spacing and quantity
A the angle iron to the main unit.
unit walls to the main unit sidewall using #8 x
see Figure 38). Once the wall connections
istallation.
unit roof to the main unit roof using #10 x 5"
n unit vertical structural member (stud or
flush roof connections and Figure 40 for
eater than two inches. Roof connections with
not require screws.
Z zz
Piers under tag units.
Some tag units have spe-
cial piering needs due to
the roof and/or floor con-
struction. These are de-
tailed in Figure 8. Note that
tag unit end walls are typi-
cally load bearing rather
than side walls.
Wind Zone II or III Tag
Units. See installation ad-
dendum included with
manual.
Figure 37. (Left) Tag unit
offset floor connection
Figure 38. (Right) Tag unit
wall connection
Figure 39. (Left) Tag unit
flush roof connection
Figure 40. (Right) Tag unit
offset roof connection
42 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 MANUfACTURED BEAVTIEUEIT'
STEP 10. REMOVE TEMPORARY ITEMS
Once the home is properly supported and the marriage line connections are completed,
remove the temporary ridge beam supports and wall/ceiling plates used to brace the
ridge beam during shipment. Take care not to damage the ceiling.
Remove and store or properly dispose of or recycle the hitch, axles, and wheels. These
items are the property of the homeowner unless other
contractual arrangements have
been made.
i
STEP 11. FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION
Fasten the home to the foundation (typically to the sill plate) according to the fastening
schedule provided by the LAHJ or approved foundation drawings.
STEP 12. BACKFILL AND GRADE 1
Backfill against the foundation wall to the height of the waterproofing, taking care to not
damage the drainage system.
Grade the site as described in Prepare the Site, STEP 3. CLEAR AND GRADE THE
SITE (p.11).
STEP 13. BUILD STAIRS
Construct the basement stairs in compliance with the local building code. Take care
that adequate headroom is maintained under beams and that there is sufficient landing
space at the bottom of the stairs.
i 1 / A
When to backfill. Backfill
against basement walls on-
ly after the home is con-
nected to the foundation or
the basement walls may
deflect inward or collapse.
Cutting the chassis. Do not
cut, notch, bend, or alter in
any manner beams, cross -
members, and other parts
of the steel chassis.
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 43
Complete Ro
This chapter covers closing up and w
and Exterior Walls
the home by completing the roofing and siding.
STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF(p
t
STEP 2. COMPLETE TAG `UNIT ROOF (p 46);'
STEP 3. COMPLETE
STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF
RIDGE CLOSEUP
For multi -section homes, the first step in completing the exterior is sealing the roof
along the ridge line (Figure 41). For homes with asphalt shingles, follow the procedure
below. For homes with metal or other roofing materials, follow the instructions that
come with the roofing materials or provided as a supplement to this manual.
i
1. Install underlayment (when sl
sure the roof sheathing is alrea
STEP 7. CONNECT ROOF, p.:
along the length of the ridge, cc
sheathing joints by at least five
ga galvanized staples. For Win
strip of roofing cement along e,
2. Install shingles. If shingles ha
tion, install them now using 1"
long, 3/8" diameter head roof n
each tab cutout slot and one at
edge (four fasteners for a three
and III, use two fasteners 5/8 it
and one at each end of the shii
a three -tab shingle). Do not fas
Cap Shingle
Underlayment
Optional Metal (Wind Zone 2
& 3 Only)
Factory Installed
Shingles
Factory Installed
Shingles Underlayment
Roof Deck
mthing at the ridge is installed on site). Make
y installed (see Complete Multi -Section Set,
)). Install 15# felt or equivalent continuously
fering all exposed sheathing and overlapping
fiches on each side. Fasten using 1" x 1" x 16
Zones II and III, also apply a six inch wide
,h side of ridge under the underlayment.
been left off at the ridge line for site installa-
1" x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12ga 1-1/4"
ils. For Wind Zone I, fasten at 5/8 inch above
each end of the shingle one inch in from the
.ab shingle) (Figure 42). For Wind Zones II
.h above and on either side of the tab slots
lle one inch in, from the edge (six fasteners for
.n through the shingle tar line.
Figure 41. Shingle installa-
tion at ridge
i /,
Weatherproofing. It is vitally
important to close up the
home quickly to protect the
interior from damage due to
inclement weather.
Removing shipping protec-
tion. Remove shipping pro-
tection from the roof prior to
completing roofing.
44 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
�36"Shingle � 1+--�-36"Shingle
x x 12" x x x- x x- x 12"
x Fastener Locations
3. Install shingle cap. Starting at the oppositelend of the home from the prevail-
ing wind, install ridge cap shingles provided by the manufacturer or use 12" x
12" shingles (36" shingles cut into three equal pieces) (Figure 43). Install us-
ing 1" x 1" x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12 ga 1-1/4" long, 3/8" diameter head
roofing nails spaced 5-5/8 inches from bottom edge and 1/2 inch to 1-1/2
inches in from both edges. Cover the exposed fasteners with tar or cement.
Cut shinale into three nieces
Fasten ridge rail together with
fasteners staggered from section
section for the entire length
(Screws must be located at ridgf
Rldge
HINGE ROOF CLOSE-UP
For homes with hinged roofs, complete roofing underlayment and shingles along the
hinge line (Figure 45) as follows:
1. Install underlayment. Attach the underlayment to the roof deck with a mini-
mum of six-inch wide strip of cement. If necessary, trim the underlayment to
allow the lowest shingle above the hinge of the roof to seal to the topmost
shingle on the lower portion of the roof. I
2. Install shingles. Install missing shingles according to the shingle manufactur-
er's instructions.
Figure 42. Shingle fastener
locations for Wind Zone l
(left) and Wind Zones 11 and
111 (right).
Figure 43. Shingle cut into
thirds
i?hFZZA
Installing a continuous
ridge vent. If a ridge vent is
to be installed, follow the
ridge vent manufacturer's in-
structions provided with the
material and connect roof
with same toed fastener as
in Step 7 Connect Roof (p.
39) but fasteners shall be
grouped at ridge block loca-
tions (Figure 44).
Figure 44. Continuous ridge
vent
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 45
Site Install Shingles In Hinged Area Per
The Instructions On The Shingle Package
Shipped Loose With The Home.
After Roof Is In The Raised Position,
Trim The Shingle Underlayment To
Allow The Shingle Of The Upper -
Roof Section To Seal Onto The Last
Shingle Of The Lower Roof Section.
Underlayment
COMPLETE TRIPLE -SECTION RO(
Complete roofing along triple -section
lowing methods based on the constn
Pre -Installed Sheathing
1. Install underlayment. First
roof. Then fold down the cel
layment of the outer section
1i
R /� uPQe`
Asphalt Roofing Cement
Between Layers of
Underlayment Minumum
6" Wide
marriage lines according to one of the fol-
of the home.
down the underlayment of the outer section
section roof underlayment on top of the under -
2. Install shingles. Install missing row(s) of shingles, securing them per the
shingle manufacturer's installation instructions (refer to the shingle wrapper).
Center Section
nstalled
hlstalled
Shingles
Factory -Installed
T
Shingles
i
12
—� 4.3
Metal (Optional) Fastener
STEP 2. COMPLETE TAG UNIT ROOF
If the home has a tag unit, complete roofing for this unit now. The process for complet-
ing the roof is different for flush and offset roofs. Follow the instructions in the appropri-
ate section below.
FLUSH ROOFS
For flush roofs, complete roofing along the marriage line and at the valley line as fol-
lows (see Figure 47):
Figure 45. Shingle installa-
tion at hinge line
Installing metal
flashing. Install optional
metal flashing over the roof
decking before applying
roofing cement. Fold back
the underlayment and fas-
ten 30 ga x 6" wide mini-
mum galvanized metal with
roofing nails or 16 ga x 1"
crown staples of sufficient
length to penetrate the roof
sheathing. Space fasteners
four inches o.c. or less near
the edge of the metal.
Overlap the metal by at
least two inches at joints.
Figure 46. Triple -section
roof connection
46 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
•
.% r. W -
Shingle Ur> erlaynn
Instal Flas¢Ing Flat
Over Joint
Fastener
Tag Unit 1 11 1 Main un2
Marriage line
Method 1: Install metal flashing (minimum 30 g�
between the main roof dormer and tag unit roof.
decks on both dormer and tag unit roofs with roc
one inch crown and long enough to fully penetra
maximum two inches o.c. near the edge of the fl
al by at least two inches. After flashing is compl(
manufacturer instructions and ridge cap/vent aci
ROOF (p. 44).
x minimum 6" wide) over the joint
iecure the flashing to the roof
ing nails or 16 ga staples with a
the roof decks. Space fasteners
shing. Overlap seams in the met-
e, install shingles per shingle
:)rdina to STEP 1. COMPLETE
Method 2: Install two layers of roofing underlayr�ent or equivalent over the joint
between the main roof dormer and tag unit roof lapping the factory installed under-
layment a minimum of six inches on each side and fully cemented at the laps. In-
stall shingles per shingle manufacturer instructions and ridge cap/vent according to
STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF (p. 44).
Valley line
Along the bottom of the valley, shingles and one or more layers of roll roofing may
need to be installed. If fastened to the roof at the factory, unroll the roofing, overlap the
tag roof and trim the roofing to the roof edge. If shipped loose, install the roll roofing at
the valley, lapping it under the factory installed roll roofing a minimum of 12 inches and
fully cement the roofing at the lap. Complete shingles at the valley either by interweav-
ing them or by trimming back approximately four inches from the valley line and fully
cementing the exposed shingle edges.
OFFSET ROOFS
If there is a gap between the main unit dormer overhang and the tag unit roof of less
than two inches, fold up the main unit dormer fascial, slide the underlayment and flash-
ing from the tag unit roof behind the fascia, and bend the fascia back down and secure
into sub -fascia with metal screws (Figure 48). 1
Figure 47. Tag unit flush
roof connection
MMOACTUBEU BEAVr3rULLY• Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 47
I
(Shingles Not
Shown on Mein
UNt for Clod) Drip Edge
Fascia
Main Unit Factory -Installed
Donner Step Flashing
ymeM Over Rolled \ Tag unit
Dented Up Into Roof
SuDFasele Min. 3'
If the gap between the main unit dormef overhang and the tag unit roof is two inches or
more, bend up the inside corner trim at the dormer overhang and main unit sidewall,
fold up the factory installed flashing on t1he tag unit roof, fold the inside corner trim back
down, and secure into dormer wall with metal screws (Figure 49).
Main Unit
Metal
Roof Decking
Step Flashing
(Or Top course-RoofDeckingJ
Of Vinyl Siding)
Tag Unit
Fastener
STEP 3. COMPLETE SIDE WALLS
Siding necessary to complete the exterio has been provided with the home. Follow the
siding manufacturer's instructions (found on or with the packaging or as an addendum
to this manual) and to complete the exterior siding as follows:
1. Remove shipping protection.
walls.
2. Complete crossovers. Compl(
eluding: electrical, stereo speab
3. Install siding. Fasten siding or
that are present in the walls.
4. Install close-up of strips. If si(
factory, fasten close-up strips s
with a waterproof sealant.
5. Install trim. Install any matchin
6. Seal penetrations. With a wat(
siding that may have been caut
temporary shipping protection from
any crossover connections in the walls, in -
doorbell, telephone, and intercom wires.
at stud locations, avoiding electrical wires
has been installed on the end walls at the
aly along both edges and seal the edges
trim required to complete the installation.
goof sealant, seal any penetrations in the
d by temporary shipping protection.
Figure 48. Tag unit roofing
connection with less than
two inch height difference
Figure 49. Tag unit offset
roof connection
V&Irzz
Covering the HUD label. Do
not cover the HUD label on
the exterior of the home.
Removing shipping protec-
tion. Remove temporary
shipping protection (Poly-
ethylene sheathing) from
walls before installing sid-
ing or serious moisture
damage may result. Also,
check weather resistive
barrier (house wrap) for
damage and repair if nec-
essary.
i
48 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 ,� eT,eLY-
Connect Crossove
This chapter covers crossover connections between units of multi -section homes, including ducts and electrical, water,
waste, gas, telephone, and cable TV connections.
STEP 1.
CONNECT DUCTS (p. 49)
STEP 2
CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS (p. 51)
STEP 3.
INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING (p. 54)
V STEP 4.
CONNECT WATERLINES (p. 54)
'STEP 5.
CONNECT DRAIN, WASTE, AND VENT LINES (p. 55)
STEP 6
CONNECT GAS LINES (p. 57)
STEP 7.
CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING (p. 57)
STEP 8.
CONNECT HOT WATER BASEBOARD HEAT (p.57)
STEP 1. CONNECT DUCTS
There are three main types of duct crossover con
duct, follow the installation steps on the page indi
Under the floor (p. 49).
In the roof cavity (p. 51).
In floor, through -the -rim joist (p. 51)
To prevent air leakage, seal all ductwork connect
or more of the following materials:
Galvanized metal straps in combination
For rigid air ducts and connectors, tape
For flexible air ducts and connectors, to
ns. Based on the location of the
below:
including duct collars using one
:h galvanized sheet metal screws.
J mastics listed to UL 181A.
and mastics listed to UL 181B.
UNDER FLOOR FLEXIBLE CROSSOVER DUCT
When heating or cooling equipment is installed in the home, the flexible crossover duct
is provided by the manufacturer. In all cases the crossover duct must be listed for exte-
rior use.
There are four common configurations of under floor crossover ducts depending on the
number of home sections and the furnace/air handier location. See Table 20 to locate
the appropriate figure.
TABLE 20. UNDER FLOOR DUCT CONFIGURATIONS
Furnace over trunk duct See Figure 5d See Figure 52
Furnace offset from trunk duct ; %ee Figure 51 y See Figure 53
Qualified personnel. Use on-
ly qualified personnel to
make crossover connections.
Consult the LAHJ for licens-
ing or any additional crosso-
ver connection requirements.
Access for service. Whenev-
er possible maintain access
to connection areas for fu-
ture maintenance.
Make tight connections.
Permanent, durable, and
tight crossover duct connec-
tions are critical to the proper
performance of the home.
Leaky ducts can result in se-
vere moisture problems in
the home, discomfort from
rooms not receiving the
proper amount of condi-
tioned air, and high utility
bills from wasted heating
and/or cooling energy.
MANM11.... 11A.111M ' Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 49
A Section
Heat Duct —
Tap -Out Collar —
Field -Installed Flex
Duct
A Section
Heat Ducl— '
Tap -Out Collar
Field -Installed Flex Dud
A Section
Heat Dual---'
Tap -Out Collar —
Field -Installed Flex Dud
Furnace / Air
A Section Handler
Flex Duct
"V"-Box Under Furnace
For under floor flexible crossover ducts fd
1.
Locate collars. Locate the mete
the main trunk duct (or furnace)
ping protection.
2.
Install inner duct. Slide the crot
IarN-box as far as it will go. Terr
duct tape. Install a large nylon zi
around the crossover collarN-bc
and collarN-box (alternately, the
prior to sliding the duct inner line
3.
Connect duct insulation. Bring
above the home's bottom board
against the base of the trunk duc
4.
Pull duct wrap. Pull the crossov
tion and temporarily secure it to 1
5.
Install zip -tie. Feel for the nylon
Place another nylon zip -tie just u
crossover duct insulation and ou
6.
Trim duct. Trim the crossover di
be straight with no kinks or unne
7.
Connect other end. Follow the i
nect the opposite end of the cros
8.
Seal joints. Seal the joints betwt
with foam or mastic.
Furnace / Air
Handler B Section
Floor
Flex Dud
Support Straps
Furnace /Air
Ha® B Section
Floor
Flex Duct Support Straps
"W-Box Under Furnace
/ Air
B Section LU C Section
Floor
V' Box Under Furnace Flex Dud Support Straps
B Section C Section
Flex Duct Support Straps
ne "V"-Box
ow the steps below:
crossover collars (or V-box) connected to
rider the home and remove temporary ship-
sover duct inner liner over the crossover col-
porarily fasten the inner liner in place with
-tie over the inner liner just above the "ridge"
c Apply mastic completely over inner liner
mastic may be applied to the collar/V-box
over it).
the duct insulation up over the zip -tie and
nto the floor cavity. Temporarily duct tape it
t/V-box.
)r duct outer wrap over the top of the insula-
ie trunk duct/V-box with duct tape.
zip -tie that was installed over the inner liner.
der the first one to permanently secure the
er wrap.
act to length such that the installed ducfwill
'essary bends.
ame procedure (steps 1 through 5) to con -
over duct and any other crossover ducts.
en the bottom board and the crossover duct
Figure 50. Furnace over
trunk duct, two home sec-
tions
Figure 51. Furnace offset
from trunk duct, two home
sections
Figure 52. Furnace over
trunk duct, three home sec-
tions
Figure 53. Furnace offset
from trunk duct, three home
sections
OAsecuring the
crossover. Between Step 5
and Step 6, drill three or more
1/16 inch holes an equal dis-
tance around and just below
the bottom edge of the nylon
zip -tie. Install #12 pan head
screws in these holes,
through the flexible duct and
into the metal crossover col-
IarN-box. The screw heads
should be against the zip -tie.
i ' //
Cover exposed metal. Com-
pletely cover all exposed
metal connectors with insula-
tion. Apply sealants and tapes
only to surfaces that are dry
and free of dust, dirt and
grease.
50 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
1
9. Support duct. Support the crossover duct(s)' above the ground using nylon or
galvanized metal straps and saddles spaced every 48 inches o.c. or less.
Choose straps at least 1/2 inch wider than the spacing of the metal spireals
encasing the crossover duct. Install the straps so they cannot slip between
sprials. Secure metal straps with galvanized screws.
ROOF CAVITY CROSSOVER DUCT
For ducts installed in the roof cavity, follow the steps below:
1. Roof Access Panel: After units have been set, locate the roof access panel.
Fold back the roofing paper and unscrew pqInel, reach in and attach ducts as
shown below. Replace access panel, cover with roofing paper and finish the
shingles and ridge cap.
2. Alternate to Roof Access Panel: The units are located as close as possible
at set-up and the ducts are connected. Units are then moved together, being
careful not to crush the ducts. I
ROOFACLESSPANEL
FASfENTOALLFRAMBIG
SRS. �EWSS AT 'OC
I
I
ROOFACCE5.9 PANEL` ROOF ACCESS PANEL
MWEt BOX
MIXER BOX
i
FLEXOUCTTOBEPU. i
NVACCONNECTORBOX BANDING 55WCC NMATINOLINEOFNOME
HVAC CONNECTOR BOX HVAC CONNECTOR BOX
BAN��ATSET-UTO P i
OPTION t • MUER BOX ON
OPTION 2-MUtFR BOX AWAY FROM
IN THE FLOOR CROSSOVER DUCT
Where one or more crossover ducts are built into the home's floor system, connect
them at their openings that run through the rim joists.
I
Through the rim joist
1. With a through -the -rim joist design, the duct in each floor section terminates at
an opening in the marriage line rim joist. Fixed through -the -rim crossovers
employing a marriage line gasket such as in Figure 27 were completed in
Complete Multi -Section Set, STEP 4. REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE
LINE GASKET (p. 36) and require no adtlitional work here.
I
i
I
STEP 2. CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS
Multi -section homes may have one or more electrical crossovers located in the wall(s)
and/or floor(s) along the marriage line(s).
JOINING WIRES
Two types of connections may be present at these locations —snap connectors and
junction boxes. Identify matching circuits if multiple circuits exist at a single crossover
location. These will be coded for identification. Connect snap connectors according to
the connector manufacturer's installation instructions, including fastener requirements.
Connect wires in junction boxes as follows (Figure 55):
Pull wires. Pull circuit wires into the junction box, sliding them through a romex con-
nector and secure snugly. (Figure 55) Do not over -tighten.
stalled crossover ducts must
not be in contact with the
ground.
Unobstructed airflow. Excess
length, kinks and bends in the
crossover duct will restrict air-
flow and degrade the home's
HVAC system performance.
Figure 54. Duct crossover
Located in the roof cavity.
i I AZ'Z
/
Use qualified electricians.
All electrical work must be
performed by a qualified
electrician and comply with
the 2005 NEC.
Disconnect power. Turn off
power to the home before
making connections.
i
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
51
1. Strip wires. Remove the out(
providing a minimum of four it
2. Connect wires. Connect wire
ately sized wire nuts. Use the
cover plate(s), if metal. Juncti
20-amp circuits, or a single 21
3. Replace cover. Reposition th
(not sheet metal) screws.
Shgle 15 or 20 AMP Circuit
jacket that holds the circuit wires together
hes of free wire in the box.
together matching like colors, using appropri-
round wire to ground the junction box and/or
i boxes may contain single or multiple 15 or
-volt appliance circuit.
junction box cover and secure using machine
' [as 9c
Box
larrps PerType
ox Used (rypical)
FLOOR CROSSOVER
When making electrical connection(s) in
scribed below:
Method 1: Access panel
1. Access wires. Find the crossove
if attached. If access panel open[
board to expose the wiring (Figur
2. Route wires. Pass the wires thrrc
joist or if there is a single bumped
der the rim joists. If holes or notcf
bumped -out access panel, drill m
up the rim joists on each home se
the wire through the hole.
3. Connect wires. Connect wires vi;
scribed above.
4. Secure wires. Secure wires with
eight inches of junction box or sm
5. Install smash plates. For notche
tors (smash plates).
6. Seal bottom board. Replace ins[
seal the bottom board with tape sl
vided). The access panel(s) may I
location or shipped loose with the
Double 15 or 20 AMP Circuits
floor, use one of the wiring options de-
location(s) and remove the access panel(s)
Is are not provided, cut through bottom
56).
igh predrilled holes or notches in the rim
)ut access panel as in Figure 57, then un-
s have not been provided and there is no
dmum one -inch diameter hole(s) half -way
tion, making sure the holes align and feed
a junction box or snap -connectors) as de-
aples to adjacent joists or studs within
-connector(s).
perimeter joists, install steel wire protec-
lation and re -install access panels and/or
lecially made for that purpose (may be pro-
le temporarily installed near the crossover
Hole Thmugh
r - , Rim Joist
� I
If Joists Are Notched, Steel Protectors May
Junction Box or — Snap-Connedor Be Provided With the Home
Access Panel May
Be Provided
Proper use of GFCI circuits.
Ensure Ground Fault Circuit
Interrupted (GFCI) circuits
are connected to the proper
GFCI protected circuits from
the power supply.
Figure 55. Types ofjunction
box wiring connections
Approved Conneclos
and Lug Petal Boxes only)
240V Appliance arcuit
' //
Using snap connectors. Do
not use oversized nails or
drive nail heads into snap
connectors. Some con-
nectors are designed for
one-time use only — a new
connector must be used if
they become separated.
Protect cables. Cover all
cables with conduit or other
suitable weather -resistant
and protective material.
Figure 56. Electrical crosso-
ver floor wires with flush ac-
cess panels
52 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
MANYIACTYAtO Bl AYTIl YIIT�
Jmdbn Box a Snap Comwta Pmtecl"Cave
(it Not PmvideQ Pddi BdJan
Bomid.)
Method 2: Junction box with conduit
1. Access boxes. If junction boxes are not e I posed, access them inside the
floor by cutting the bottom board or by removing the access panel(s). Remove
the junction box covers.
2. Connect wires. If wire is coiled inside oneJunction box, insert it into provided
flexible conduit and pass it under the rim joists to the opposing box and make
the connection as described above. If no coiled wire is provided, install pro-
vided ship -loose conduit with wire making connections in both boxes
(Figure 58).
3. Cover boxes. Replace and secure covers on junction boxes.
4. Seal floor. Replace any displaced insulation and replace access panel or
seal the bottom board with tape specially made for that purpose (may be pro-
vided).
Variation to Method 2: A junction box may b I installed only on one side with the
other side containing conduit behind an access panel. Bring the conduit to other
side and make one connection in the junction box.
WALL CROSSOVERS
Connect electrical, phone, cable television, and stereo speaker wires in marriage walls
and/or partition and end walls. i
If access panels into the marriage walls are not provided, then the connection should
have been made prior to bringing the home sections together. If access panels are
provided in marriage, end or partition walls, remove the panels, join the wires as de-
scribed above using the provided snap -connector, junction box, or at a receptacle, and
re -attach the access panel (Figure 59 for marriage walls and Figure 60 for partitions
and end walls).
Figure 57. Floor electrical
crossover wires with
bumped -out access panel
Figure 58. Under the rim
joist electrical crossover
connection with conduit
A
Avoid damaging crossover
wires. Carefully fold mar-
riage wall crossover wires
so they stay within a single
bay and are not sand-
wiched between studs
when the sections are
pulled together.
i.
i
1.�AMWWM.Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
53
Optional
Access -
Panel
Endwall Access to Junction
Side'A' I I F—Box-Inside Home
Connect Wires
at Junction Box,
Receptacle, or
Snap -Connector
'I I R—Factory-Installed
Wire Protectors
STEP 3. INSTALL ELECTRI
To ensure all metal parts are effectively gr
gether as follows (Figure 61):
1. Find lugs. Determine if solderle.,
rear frame outriggers or headers.
2. Attach wire. If lugs are provided
copper wire) from one side of the
the opposing side using the provi
the set screw firmly on the wire ai
Rear Outriggerat , L#8 Min.
Marriage Line Ground
Endwall
Side'B'
CAL BONDING
ounded, electrically bond all chasses to -
ground lugs are provided on the front or
uncoil the bonding wire (#8 minimum bare
some and connect it to the lug provided on
ad paint penetrating star washer, tighten
J repeat for any additional home sections.
aniage Line
Solderless Lug Each
Half of Home
3. Attach strap. If ground lugs and copper wire are not provided, attach the pro-
vided four -inch bonding strap to each pair of adjacent chasses with two #8 x
3/4" self -tapping metal screws (one screw each side).
STEP 4. CONNECT WATER LINES
Connect water lines inside the floor through 'I ccess panels or below the bottom board
as follows:
WATER LINES ACCESSED THROUGH PANELS
1. Remove panels. Remove access panels from each home section.
2. Remove caps. Remove shipping caps from ends of water lines.
3. Pull lines. Pull water lines through koles in rim joist. If holes are not provided,
drill round holes in the center of the rim joist, with a maximum diameter of one
third the rim joist depth (Figure 62).
Figure 59. Inside marriage
wall crossover connection
Figure 60. Inside partition or
end wall electrical crossover
connection
Figure 61. Electrical bonding
of multi -section homes
i ! //
Applying cement. Follow ce-
ment manufacturers instruc-
tions with respect to applica-
tion and drying time. Allow
cement to fully cure before
filling pipes with water.
54 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
4. Connect pipes. Connect threaded water lirn
tings (do not use lubricants or sealants). Cot
using provided fittings and cement, inserting
short connector pipe may be provided to bri(
5. Test. Test connections for leaks.
6. Seal floor. Securely replace insulation and
WATER LINES DROPPED BELOW BOTTOM BO/
1. Remove caps. Remove protective shippin
make sure pipe ends are clean and smootl
2. Connect pipes. Connect threaded water li
connector line (if provided) and connector I
sealants). Connect non -threaded water [in(
provided, inserting pipe to full depth of eac
3. Test. Test connections for leaks.
using provided connector fit-
;ct non -threaded water lines
)e to full depth of each fitting (a
the gap between sections).
panels.
caps from ends of pipes and
es using flexible pipe or a rigid
tings (do not use lubricants or
r, pipe, and elbows with cement
fitting (Figure 63).
4. Protect pipes. Wrap water lines with insulation and bottom board shipped
loose with home or otherwise protect to prevent freezing. Tape bottom board
using tape specially made for that purposel(may be provided) and staple with
7/16" x 1/2" staples at four inches o.c. around bottom board using a divergent
(stitch) stapler or equivalent. If heat tape isl used it must be listed for manufac-
tured home use and be installed in compliance with manufacturer instructions.
I� Marriage Line
Supply Side
(Side With Water Fleater)
Direction of Flow
Receiving Side
Cap to Be Protective Cap
Removed on Site
Water Line and FJbows
Shipped Loose to be
Added on Site
STEP 5. CONNECT DRAIN, WASTE, AND VENT LINES
Complete portions of the drain, waste, and vent (DWV) system that are below the floor
as follows:
1. Remove caps. Remove shipping coverslfrom pipes extending through the
bottom board; inspect pipes and fittings and clean them of dirt, obstructions,
and burrs.
2. Assemble pipes. Using the drain schematic drawing provided with the home,
begin assembling the DWV system starting at the location farthest from the
sewer/septic connection and working towards the outlet, fastening the pipe
with cement or adjustable screw -clamp connectors, if provided (Figure 64).
As the system is assembled, support the piping with temporary blocking. Un-
less otherwise noted on the schematic diagram, provide a minimum 1/4 inch
per foot slope towards the sewer/septic using a plumber's level. Where a
slope of 1/4 inch per foot cannot be maintained, use a minimum slope of 1/8
inch per foot and install of a full-size clean -out at the uppermost point of the
run (Figure 65).
Figure 62. Waterline cross-
over with access panels
/10 / &O
Choosing cement type.
Use the proper cement for
water lines as it may differ
from the cement used for
the DWV system.
Figure 63. Waterline cross-
over through bottom board
i I //
Providing required clearances.
Provide the drain outlet with a
minimum clearance of three
inches in any direction from all
parts of the structure or any
appurtenances and with not
less than 18 inches unrestrict-
ed clearance directly in front of
the drain outlet. Provide any
cleanouts with a minimum
clearance of 12 inches directly
in front of its opening.
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
55
Cement Coupling
(Provided) to End of
Pipes
Drain Pipe l
Fasbn Coupling \1
(Provided) b Pipilg
Wa, Clamps
Dust
Cover
Support Straps
Direction of Flow and Slope T T T Direction of Flow and Slope
Double U
ong TurnBI III II
To Sewer/Septic
3. Test. Conduct a two-part leakag
follows:
• Part 1. With all fixtures conr
fill the system with water to
ture. Release all trapped air
tures, and allow the system
Drain the system. If leaks al
• Part 2. Plug all ,fixtures, sines
lease the water in all fixture:
sible drain piping flow. As w
found, repair and retest.
4. Connect to outlet. Connect the
up, using an approved elastome
Examples of
Connection Pipe
and Fittings (Not
Supplied by the
Manufacturer)
IL
L-Connection Pipe
Coupler
MM �
Pipe Dust rain
Supports cover Dropout
Ewe
Figure 64. Drain crossover
connection
Figure 65. DWV system
rain Dropout
ust Cover
)no Turn Fill
Tee
Wye Long Tum Tee Wya
(Subsitute for Bbow
lean -Out Plug
ong Turn 01 and Provide a Full
Size Clean Out When
Required)
test on the completed drainage system as
icted, and all tub and shower drains plugged,
to rim of the toilet bowl through a higher fix -
replace tub and shower plugs, backfill fix -
stand at least 15 minutes. Check for leaks.
found, repair and retest.
showers, and tubs and fill with water. Re -
simultaneously to obtain the maximum pos-
ter is draining, check for leaks. If any are
rain drain line to the site sewer/septic hook -
coupling (Figure 66).
Support Strap at
a Maximum of 4
Feet on Center
Cap and Chain
Approved
Site Sewer
Hook Up
5. Install supports. Install permanent drain line supports at a distance of four
feet o.c. or less (see Figure 64, Figure 65, Figure 66, and Figure 67).
V&00zzj
Choosing glues. Use only
solvents and glues compat-
ible with the pipe (ABS or
PVC). Follow manufactur-
er's instructions.
Figure 66. DWV connection
to sewer/septic
56 Man facturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
MANYIACTYF®D YfAVTI1ULLY•
(2) 0.131"Diax3 a Nails
Min. 2x3 Lumber
0.131" Diax3 k Nail —
Galy. or Alum. Strip —
Min. 1x3 Lumber —
(2)0.131°Diax3 q"
Nails Into Floor Joist 4
(2),6 x2"x16GA
Staples or (2)
0.131" Dia x 3 a
Nails Each End
(2) Staples or
Screws Each Side
. orAlum Strip
2x3 Lumber
n Pipe —
6. Insulate. Replace any insulation and make sure all potentially exposed portions
of the DWV system are well insulated to protect against freezing.
STEP 6. CONNECT GAS LINES
The gas crossover connection may use quick disconnect fittings or threaded connect-
ors. Find the connection location below the floor at the marriage line and gather the
connectors (they may be shipped loose if not present under the home).
For quick disconnect fittings (Figure 68), remove any dust caps and then with one
hand, pull back on the quick disconnect device, sna� it over the quick disconnect adap-
tor and release it to complete the connection.
For threaded connectors (Figure 69), remove the black cap and nipple (or any other
plugs, such as a black iron plug) from both the supply and receiving sides and screw
the connector onto the supply and return pipes as necessary.
Check for leaks before connecting to gas service (see Connect Utilities, STEP 3.
CONNECT GAS SERVICE, p. 76).
Quick -Disconnect
Male Fitting Flex
Factory Installed ShubOff Valve
Installed on
Quick -Disconnect Inlet Side
Female Fitting
Installed on Inlet Side Flex Connector
Factory Installed
Male Cap
Female Cap
Female Cap Or
77
Male Cap
Direction of Gas Flow I Direction of Gas Flow
STEP 7. CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING
Install telephone and cable television wiring in accordance with the requirements of the
LAHJ, the NEC, and NFPA No.70-2005. When making crossover connections or in-
stalling telephone or cable television wires, do not run them in the same raceway as, or
in close proximity to, high voltage electrical conductors or cables.
Wires should only be installed by trained professionals.
STEP 8. CONNECT HOT WATER BASEBOARD HEAT
Install all crossover connections for hot water baseboard heat with copper sweat fit-
tings, copper unions or other approved metal connections.
Figure 67. DWV pipe sup-
port options
' /,
Protect pipes from freezing.
If the home is to be left un-
heated in cold weather, pour
antifreeze solution into all
drain. traps, including sinks,
tubs, and toilets. Be sure
that the antifreeze is safe for
the fixtures and P-traps.
Installing quick disconnect
fittings. Do not use tools,
lubricants, or sealants with
quick disconnect fittings.
Gas test precautions. Do
not connect to gas service
until tests described in
Connect Utilities have been
successfully completed.
Figure 68. (Left) Gas cross-
over with quick disconnect
fittings
Figure 69. (Right) Gas
crossover with threaded
connectors
&OZZ
Installing wiring. When in-
stalling telephone and ca-
ble television wires, do not
damage electrical wires,
plumbing lines, or ducts.
Serious personal injury or
death could result from
damage to electrical wires.
WAVAN 0•
MnNor�cTaare ae�arirour- Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 57
i
Complete the Interior
This chapter covers the completion of t e home's interior finishes including finishing walls, ceilings, flooring, trim, and mis-
cellaneous items.
STEP 1.
'ALIGN MARRIAGEIWALLS (p. 58)
STEP 2.
'FINISH GYPSUM BOARD (p. 58)
STEP 3
COMPLETE WALL ND; CEILING FINISHES-(p.-59)
STEP 4.
COMPLETE CARPET (p. 59)
STEP 5. '
COMPLETE°TRIM (P. 59) .,•
STEP 6. ,
INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS (p. b9)
STEP 1. ALIGN MARRIAGE WALLS
Align and secure walls at marriage line openings as follows:
1. Align walls. Align walls and clamp in place.
2. Fasten walls. Secure clamped walls together with metal straps or long screws
so they do not move when the clamps are removed. Insert wood wedges in
gaps between walls, and glue a screw to create a tight connection.
3. Fill gaps. Fill any remaining gaps with wood or sheathing material.
STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BOARD
Finish all unfinished gypsum board walls and ceilings as follows:
1. Install panels. Install ship loose gypsum panels using a 1/4 inch diameter
bead of adhesive on all framing members and minimum 1-1/2 inch long dry-
wall screws, nails, or staples at siz inches o.c. along panel edges and 12
inches o.c. in the field into framing members.
2. Mud seams. Mud and tape all seams and corners, filling all fastener depres-
sions. Follow mud manufacturer's t
rections.
3. Paint. When the final coat of mud dry, prime and paint all unfinished gyp-
sum board to match existing paint color and finish texture.
V? S �z
Fastening gypsum. When
attaching gypsum board,
depress, but do not break
the paper face with the fas-
tener. Breaking the paper
will weaken the connection.
Using alternative materials.
Obtain the home manufac-
turer's approval before us-
ing interior finish materials
other than those provided
with the home.
58 Man lfacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
STEP 3. COMPLETE WALL AND CEILING FINISHES
Install interior ship loose wall and/or ceiling panels usiI g a 1/4 inch diameter bead of
polyvinyl acetate (PVA) adhesive on all framing meml ers and fasten with minimum 1-
1/2 inch long staples or nails at six inches o.c. along panel edges and 12 inches o.c. in
the field into framing members.
STEP 4. COMPLETE CARPET
Install and seam ship loose or rolled carpet as follows:
1. Prepare floor. Clean the floor of all dirt and (debris and smooth the floor deck
at the marriage line -seams as necessary to insure a level and smooth sur-
face.
2. Lay pad. Lay down the carpet pad, if provided.
3. Stretch carpet. Ensuring all carpet "grain" runs in the same direction, fit and
secure the carpet using a power carpet stretcher. Stretch the carpet up to the
seam and tack it down temporarily until the'carpet is seamed.
4. Butter carpet. "Butter" with carpet adhesive the edges of the carpet along the
seam.
5. Seam carpet. Place heat bond tape under the seam with the glue side next to
the carpet and apply heat from a seaming iron to the top of the seam, press-
ing the carpet into the glue.
6. Keep scraps. Retain reasonable size carpet.scraps to protect carpet and
flooring during move -in.
STEP 5. COMPLETE TRIM 1
Using fine gauge wire staples or pin nails, install ship loose molding and wainscot pan-
eling to finish trimming out ceilings, marriage line walls, front and rear end walls, and
passageway doors where necessary.
STEP 6. INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS
Remove all strapping, blocking, and packaging frorp appliances, windows, and doors.
Install any drapes, mini -blinds, mirrors, door stops,+I closet shelves, and hardware per
the product manufacturer's installation instructions.
i //
Installing carpet. Only ex-
perienced carpet installers
should install carpet. Fail-
ure to follow the carpet
manufacturer's directions
may void the carpet war-
ranty.
Stagger seams.
Stagger all seams. For ex-
ample, locate the carpet
pad seam three inches to
left of marriage line and the
carpet seam three inches to
right of marriage line.
IL"lWAViVAIN
MMUFACTUREDDEAUVI. 1- Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 59
Install Stabilizing Systems
This chapter covers the design and installation of the stabilizing system which secures the home against lateral and up-
ward forces caused by wind. The syste covered here uses earth (or ground) anchors and steel straps connected to the
home's longitudinal steel beams and/orexterior walls. Stabilizer plates shall be used to prevent the anchor head from
moving laterally in the ground. An anchoor, strap, and stabilizer plate together are referred to as a tie -down.
Anchors can also be mounted in concr Ite footings when there is enough concrete mass (weight) to resist the lateral and
upward forces. This type of system is not covered in this manual.
STEP 1.
DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS (p. 60)
STEP 2.
DETERMINE TIE -DOWN CONFIGURATION (p.,,65)
STEP 3.
SELECT ANCHORS(p. 66)
STEP 4.
INSTALL ANCHORS (p. 66)
STEP 5.
INSTALL STRAPS (pt. 67)
STEP 6.
TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS (p. 70)
STEP 1. DETERMINE ANC
Create a sketch of the home plan showin
and frame I -beams (this will be similar to
page 15).
OR LOCATIONS
the exterior walls, marriage line(s) (if any)
ie base sketch created in Install Footings,
See Table 21 for a list of anchor locations', types, and where they are required. Pages
where the requirements are provided are noted in the last column.
As each anchor location is determined, r
sions such as spacing between anchors.
down plan (Figure 70 and Figure 71).
TABLE 21. ANCHOR LOCATION
Frame
Vertical
Frame
`Vertical
Frame
Vertical P
�. Vertical
• 'Same as Single I Sectior
Connect any factory -installed sidewall tie -down
zone in which the home is placed.
Figure 70 and Figure 71 illustrate typical
in Wind Zone I and Wind Zones II and III
it on the sketch, noting important dimen-
:n complete, this will be the home's tie -
No
Yes 61
Yes
Yes 65
No { 65
NA 65
NA {{ . '65
At Vertical Straps 65
v
.65
to a ground anchor regardless of the wind
locations for a double -section home
Need for a stabilizing
system. The manufac-
tured home must be se-
cured against the wind
by the use of an anchor
assembly or an alterna-
tive foundation system.
Where site or other
conditions prohibit the
use of the manufactur-
er's instructions, a reg-
istered engineer or reg-
istered architect must
design the stabilizing
system.
Flood and seismic forces.
The stabilizing system re-
quirements in this chapter
do not consider flood or
seismic loads and are not
intended for use in flood or
seismic hazard areas. In
those areas retain a regis-
tered engineer or registered
architect to design the sta-
bilizing system.
60 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 MANUIACTUR.b,
i
- i
Sidewall
Frame
Tie -Down
--- ---- I I -Beam
End Wall
Tie -Downs
--------------------------------r --
�— Marriage
-- a--------------------------------o--- Line
- ------------------------- ---- —a - K.
T' Anchor Head
--Strap
Vertical Tie-
; Down
Standard PierArea
I � I
---c ------------------
_i--a--- --- ----- --
- _____________— -___
mamage
Line_
Beam
—
— — — --- - — — — -�}
Laeral
name
Tie -Down
as
Standard PlerArea
Sidewall
erdcal
le-Down
Lateral Frame Tie-Downs
Far Beam
SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHORS
Use Table 22, Table 23 and Table 24 to determine the spacing between anchors for
Wind Zones I, II, and III, respectively. Spacing requirements will vary depending on the
type of home (single or multi -section), the slope of the roof, the width of the floor for
each section, the sidewall height, I-beam spacing, and the height from the ground to
the strap attachment point. Determine the values for the home. Using the table for the
appropriate wind zone, determine the column and iow that corresponds to the charac-
teristics of the home. The value on the tables is the maximum distance between an-
chors. Keep in mind that sidewall frame tie -downs imust be located no more than two
feet from each end wall and no closer than four feet to another tie -down..
Figure 70. Typical anchor
locations for a double -section
home in Wind Zone I
Figure 71. Typical anchor
locations for a double -section
home in Wind Zones 11 or 111
/,
Maximum spacing require-
ments. The LAHJ may have
anchor spacing requirements
that supersede the values pro-
vided in this manual.
Meraur�erueeo�e�utlruur• Manufacfurer's Installation Manual - June 2015
61
N
TABLE 22. WIND ZONE I SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHOR MAXIMUM SPACING
(MINIMUM ANCHOR SPACING 4%0" 11
9'-09" 10,-11" 9"-09" '13'-05"
10'o3"f Y y q�11' — 08"- 7L 13 — 05 ' 13'.— 05"
10,-10" 12'-01" •13'-03" "13'-05"
11-04 `12'-04 rF' 12'_05" k `12'-49" '
• 8'-10" '9'-07" LV�8'-10°" 12-01"
'10 04 ii 12 00 ' 12 01
12 Wide.
9 06 '10 08 '11 11 '12 01"
—�*9 10µj1 .10 11 '11 02 j i11 06
8'-00" '8'-06" 8'-00 '10,-09"
. 9', _ 02" d'i - 07 iF ' 10' - 09•
8' — 05" µ ' 9' — 07" ' 10, — 08" ' 10' — 09"
OS" I,_ ;9-10° _10'-02—�10;_05
11' — 07" 9' —10" 11' — 07" 9' —10"
9 —.04"� ' 10 —1]." 9 —04"� yam' 13�-05"
10 03" • 11 — 06" • 13 05" ' 13 05"
_�-10 - 09" I ` 11 10" �L "12 09" r ' 13 '01"
10'-05" 4 8'-10. 10'-05" 8'-10"
8 04 9 �8 04 i� 12 01
• 8 11" 10 01" '12 01 '12 01"
'9 — 05" s " �•10' — 05" • 11 - 06"+'11 09"w
• 9' — 06" 8' — 00" 9' — 06" 8' — 00"
7' — 07"` Y * 8' —,05^,may 7-- 07' -" 11' —'00"
•7'-10" ^I `8'-11" '11'-00" •111_00"
9 03 sP^ 10 05 � � 10 08
12 10" 11 09 12 10 11 09"
9 02" 7 — 09" 9 02" T — 09"
7 —10" 1� - 11 —'06" f7 10'� ;f .13' _ 05"
1V-06" 10'-07" 11'-06" 10'-07"
8'-03" T-00" 8'-03" T-00"
7'-01" 11 _ .10-00".._T-01i �e 12.-01'_
_ 10 06" 9 — 07" 10 — 06" 9' — 07"
81 0" 10,.— - T - 09"-
_....
7' — 06" 6' — 04" T — 06" 6' — 04"
6 — 05" ' 8' —10':� 6 — 05 10 11 ' -
-13 ~— 05" _ 13' — 02" 13 05" 13 02"
12 02" I 1 V 04" r 12 02" 11 04'
10 — 08" 9 08" 10 08" 9 08"
9-05� i i B_-0_4 iq` 9'-05" ; 8—"
e V 11'-08" T 11'-10" 12'-01" --11 —1010"!
• 11 00" : 4 10'—'02" � 11 00' �' 10 02
9 07" 8' — 09" 9 07" 8 09
81
05" T — 06" —.-_," 8 — 05" 7 06"
91 01" 10, — 09" 11 — 00" 10 09"
10'— 00" i 1 11
9' — 03" d 10"- 00" +�9' — 03"�
8 — 09" 7 —11" 8 09" 7 11"
7•._ OS" l ... 6 1 O" .._.' 7 — OS"""' r'"_______.�6 10"�
* Indicates a configuration that will require an additional strap connected
to the far beam (see Figure 72).
,I
62 Mai ufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
1
of ALqe
0I, J.
--tN51NU. !}
No. {i
0 32035
a
°sslonal En91�0
June 1, 2015
C H A M PION'
TABLE 23. WIND ZONE II SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHOR MAXIMUM SPACING
to the far beam (see Figure 72).
PHILLIP J.
A 32035
a
kNional En9I��
June 1, 2015
MnNarn�ru¢ea eenuriraur_ Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 63
June 1,2015
64 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
SIDEWALL VERTICAL ANCHORS
Homes designed for Wind Zones II and III also requi
sidewalls. The vertical tie -down anchor straps (or bn
are factory installed and indicate the locations. Vertii
shall connect to one double -headed anchor.
Any factory -installed sidewall tie -down straps must t
regardless of the wind zone in which the home is ple
vertical tie -downs along the
,ets for connecting to the home)
and frame sidewall tie -downs
connected to a ground anchor
END WALL FRAME ANCHORS
End wall frame tie -downs are especially important for! homes that are wider and have
higher roof pitches because those features increase the surface area exposed to wind
loads at the ends of the home. Use Table 25 to determine the number of end wall
frame anchors required at the each end of each home section.
TABLE 25. END WALL FRAME ANCHORS REQUIRED PER HOME SECTION ON EACH END OF THE HOME
MAXIMUM ROOF PITCH 4.35/12 1
2
2
2
2 I 2
3
3
3
3
3
4 4
2
I� 2
y 2
ry 21 3
3
1 3
4 eL
3
1f 3
J h 4-
4_
2
2
2
3 3
3
4
4
-
-
- -
2
2
2
3 3
3
3
4
3
3
4 -
2
2
et 3
3�g 3
3
4
n 4 Ef
3
4-
2
2
3
3 3
3
4
-
- -
2
2
3
I; 3
- -
END WALL VERTICAL ANCHORS
End wall vertical anchors are not required.
TAG UNIT FRAME ANCHORS (WIND ZONE I C
Use sidewall anchor quantity on end walls and u:
walls.
TAG UNIT VERTICAL ANCHORS
Tag unit vertical anchors are not required.
PORCH POST ANCHORS
Wind Zone I anchors not required. Wind Zone II
OFFSET UNIT ANCHORS
Anchor same as single section home (Figure 8).
LY)
end wall anchor quantity on side
III anchors located at vertical straps.
STEP 2. DETERMINE TIE -DOWN CONFIGURATION
There are two primary tie -down configurations: the near beam and the far beam methods.
If the anchor spacing selected in the appropriate] anchor table (Table 22, Table 23 or Ta-
ble 24 has an asterisk (*) then use the far beam imethod. Otherwise, use the near beam
method (Figure 72). Each method varies by wind zone as described below.
i
• Near beam method. For all Wind Zones, connect an anchor strap from the an-
chor head to the beam closest to the anchor. In addition for Wind Zones II and
III, connect a vertical strap from the sidewall of the home to the anchor head us-
ing a double -headed anchor.
• Far beam method. For Wind Zone I connect anchor straps from the anchor
head (using a double -headed anchor) ito both of the home's main frame beams.
For Wind Zones II and III connect onelanchor strap from the anchor head (using
a double -headed anchor) to the homers far beam and one to the sidewall of the
home.
:DPHILLJ.
OF ALq
June 1, 2015
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
65
Near Be
Floor Frame To awn Floor
Near Beam (OmitI n Wed
Frame Zones II and Ilp
Tie -Down - I _�
Vedical SlderraB 60• Maximum Vertical Sidevrall Far Beam Frame Tie -Down (ro Be
Via -Down (Wind \ 1 Te-Down d6a Added When Near Beam Strap Angle
Zone II and III \ Ground Level Zones II and IIIJN
Ground Level Exceeds 60' As Indicated By () On
Only) Only) Anchor Charts)
n
Stabil¢erPlatebilizer Plate
GreundAnchor d Anchor
STEP 3. SELECT ANCHORS
Use the torque probe results from Prepare the Site, STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL -
BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE (p. 12) and the anchor manufacturer instruc-
tions; select the type and length of anchor to use. The installed ground anchor size
(length) must be listed (i.e. approved) forlthe soil class.
Make sure the anchor is of sufficient leng
frost line. Select a shaft diameter sufFiciel
the helix or anchor head separates from
supplier for guidance.
Review all of STEP 4. INSTALL ANCHO
(p. 68) before making final anchor selecti
double -headed anchors should be used.
lecting stabilizing system components.
TABLE 26. ANCHOR SYSTEM MA
such that the top of the helix is below the
to resist excessive torsion, "ring -off' (when
aft) or shaft splitting. Consult the anchor
(p. 66) and STEP 5. INSTALL STRAPS
to determine when single -headed vs.
ow the specifications in Table 26 when se -
SPECIFICATIONS
Figure 72. Lateral tie -down con-
figurations
Anchors must be•tested and listed to resist a minimum ultimate load of'4,725 Ibs and a minimum allowable
working load of 3,150 Ibs or ultimate and corresponding working load limited by soil conditions and anchor
length. The working load is the maximum load the designer can use. Ground anchors must be provided
with protection against weather deterioration and corrosion at least equivalent to that provided by a coating
of zinc on steel of not less than 0.30 oz per sq ft_of surface_ coated.
Straps must be minimum 1-1/4' x 0.035" zinc -coated (0.30 oz per sq ft) steel strapping conforming to
ASTM D3953-97, type 1, Grade 1, Finish B with a minimum allowable working load capacity of 3,150 Ibs
and a minimum ultimmate load of 4,725 lbs. Slit or cut edges of zinc -coated strapping do not need to be zinc
coated.
The size and type of stabilizer plate, required by the ground anchor manufacturer, will be specified in the
anchor manufacturer's instructions. Stabilizer plates must be provided with protection against weather
deterioration and corrosion at least equivalent to that provided' by a coating of zinc on steel .of not less than
0.30 oz per sq ft of surface coated. Alternatively, ABS stabilizer plates may be used when listed and certi-
fied for such use. (Minimum allowable working load of 2730 Ibs)
STEP 4. INSTALL ANCHOR
Before beginning anchor installation, check 1
piers and frame members that may interfere
utility companies to determine the location o
and phone lines, and water, sewer, and gas
chor locations. Also check for homeowner-ir
connecting exterior lighting or sheds to the h
FRAME ANCHORS
Frame anchors shall be installed against a
tr obstructions under the home such as
vith the tie down strapping. Check with
underground utilities, such as electrical
tipes that may be buried in potential an-
;talled wires and pipes, such as those
tme. These must also be avoided.
plate.
Grading area
around anchors. Anchor
heads should not rest in
sunken spots. Grade the
ground so that water does
not collect around anchor
heads, but runs away from
the anchor and out from
under the home. Do not
bury anchor heads.
66 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
Main
Beam
Sidewall Frame
Tie -Down Strap
Ground Anchor with
Stabilizer Plate
Stabilizer Plate Configuration '
Stabilizer plate configurations Figure 73 are suitable for homes in all wind zones. An-
chors may be installed after the home is set. A stabilizer device, typically an ABS or
metal plate, is used to prevent the top of the anchor from slicing through the soil when
the load is applied. Stabilizer plates are available inla variety of widths. Choose the
widest plate that can be driven into the soil to maxlrpize resistance to movement. The
LAHJ may have stabilizer plate requirements.
Install anchors with stabilizer plates as follows:
1. Locate anchor. Select a location for the anchor under the home but within
four inches of the exterior wall Figure 74. Avoid locations that will interfere
with skirting.
I -Beam
Max
15' 12" or
o� 1s^
l A
SYabIIZer Winn i-,-, ii_W_M
—TOPlatII—II'IIl 1 1—I I I IH I
=1lfi 1Tf iT
2. Install anchor. To assure that the anchor attachment point will end up at the
stabilizer plate, start the anchor insertion, approximately 12 inches back from
the desired location if using a 48 inch long anchor, or approximately 16 inches
if using a 60 inch long anchor. Install the anchor at about 15 degrees off verti-
cal, with the head tilted away from the hlome. Install the anchor to a depth of
approximately one half its length.
3. Drive stabilizer plate. Drive the stabilizer plate into the ground to its full depth
at the point determined in Step 1. I
i
4. Complete anchor installation. Screw the anchor the rest of the way into the
ground. The finished anchor must be installed to its full depth.
VERTICAL ANCHORS
To install vertical anchors, screw the anchor into the ground directly under the strap at-
tachment point on the home until the bottom of the anchor head is flush with the ground
or no more than one inch above grade.
STEP 5. INSTALL STRAPS
Figure 73. Stabilizer plate
configuration
Figure 74. Determining an-
chor and stabilizer plate loca-
tion
Soil depression.
Do not locate anchor heads
in soil depressions where
water may pool.
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 67
Follow the instructions below to connec straps from the home to sidewall frame, end
wall frame and vertical anchors.
Always protect straps at sharp corners Including around kbeams with radius clips or
other methods (Figure 75). Radius clips may be fabricated from 26ga (min) by 1 1/4-
inch wide galvanized steel strap formed Ito fit around corners.
Longitudal
Bracket
Protect ToI/—
Bottom of Bm
StrapisWraAround
SPLICING STRAPS
Splicing may be required when a pre-cut strap is of insufficient length. Splices in tie -
down straps are not permitted in a `Y' configuration. Overlap straps by 12 inches, ap-
plying one splice clip from above and the ether from below; use a crimping tool to tight-
ly seal the splice clips (Figure 76). Do not run any portion of the splice through an an-
chor head bolt.
Apply Splice
Clips In Direction
of Arrows
Strap
Approx. 12"
SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHORS
Install straps to sidewall frame anchors as follows:
Y Splice
Not
NO Permitted
1. Connect strap to home. Connect'one end of the strap to the home connec-
tion point using approved buckles or clips (swivel or hook clip preferred).
OWrap strap around main
beam
2. Connect strap to anchor. Connect
in the anchor. Leave enough strap k
Connect hook totopof
main beam and connect
other end ofstrapto
anchor head.
other end of the strap to the split bolt
h to be able to make at least three,
Figure 75. Radius clips
Figure 76. Tie -down strap
splice
Figure 77. Strap to beam
connection
Y Z
Strap to beam connection.
Regardless of the strap suppli-
er's recommendations, the
strap must be connected to the
top of the main beam to pre-
vent damage to the structure.
68 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
but no more than five complete turns around �he bolt before it becomes tight
(approximately 2 1/2 inches per turn or 7 1/2 o 13 inches total). Fewer than
three turns and the strap may not hold onto the bolt when force is applied.
Conversely, more than five turns may not fit Zhin the U-channel of the an-
chor head. Follow the procedure outlined in Figure 78.
OInsert the tension bolt into the O Place the strap through the slotted 5O Using a 15116" socket or open end
anchor head and loosely attach shank of the tension bolt and bend wrench, rotate clockwise, wrapping
the hex nut. up to 9T. the strap around the tension bolt.
ix.
OOnce tensioned to the point that
counterclockwise resistance
appears, use a 516" open end
wrench to hold the square neck
while repositioning the15119'
tensioning wrench to continue
tensioning. Repeat as required.
Boned, align the
)f the bolt with the
s in theanchorhead
hex nut. This will
together and lock the
al position.
If approved by the manufacturer,
double head anchors may be used
for both diagonal and vertical
tie -down strap tensioning. Tension
the diagonal tie -down strap first.
Follow Steps 3 through 7 to install
straps to anchorhead.
i
3. Pretension anchor. For anchors with stabilizer plates, pretension the anchor
by pulling it up to the stabilizer plate usi i g the strap and take-up bolt to move
the anchor head. Continue pulling the strap until the plate moves a small
amount (about 1/2 inch). This is called packing the plate and it will yield the
strongest resistance (the bottom of the anchor head should be maximum 1/4
inch above the top of the stabilizer plate).
END WALL FRAME ANCHORS
Attach straps to the bracket welded by the manufacturer to the frame (Figure 79). If no
brackets have been installed, use approved beam clamps designed specifically for this
purpose, available from anchor suppliers. Connect straps to anchors following same
procedure as for sidewall frame anchors. When more than one anchor per frame is re-
quired, use swivel brackets and space anchors a minimum of 48 inches o.c.
Figure 78. Procedure for
connecting the strap to frame
and anchor
i I //
Anchor head location. As
the anchor is pulled up to
meet the stabilizer plate,
the head of the anchor will
rise. In its final position, the
bottom of the anchor head
should be no more than 1/4
inch above the top of the
stabilizer plate.
I
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
Main Beam
Bracket
Pier
End Wall
Tie -Down
Strap 45 t 5
Dees
II1-111TI 11
Anchor with
STEP 6. TIGHTEN AND AC
After all anchors have been installed and
assure that they are tight and that the ani
stabilizer plates. Do not over -tension stra
UST STRAPS
tensioned, recheck all anchor straps to
shafts have remained in contact with the
Figure 79. End wall frame
anchor attachment method
70 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
Connect Utilities
This chapter contains procedures and requirements f'r the connection and testing of utility hook-ups. Responsibility for
making utility connections varies by location. Consultpthe LAHJ and the utility before connecting the home to any utilities.
STEP 1. CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE
The home is designed for connection to an electrical wiring system rated at 120/240
volt AC. All electrical field work must be done by a licensed electrician or other person
approved by the LAHJ.
FEEDER WIRE AND EQUIPMENT SIZES
The current rating (in amperes) of the home can be found on the tag located on the
outside next to the feeder or service entrance, and Ion the electrical distribution panel.
Using this information, determine the required feeder wire size from Table 27. These
sizes are based on an ambient temperature of 86 degrees Fahrenheit and do not take
voltage drop into consideration.
Acceptable conductor types are: RHH, RHW, RHW-2, THHN, THHW, THW, THW2,
THWN, THWN-2, XHHW, XHHW-2, Si, USE, anc USE-2.
TABLE 27. ELECTRICAL FEEDER WIRE ANDI EQUIPMENT SIZES
FOR COPPER CONDUCTORS
SizeRaceway
ConductorsMinimum
Red & White
Green
Bare
:.
...
Conduit
Diameter
Black
(Neutral) (Grounding
Ground
(Power)
50 ;;
35 !
NA
II 1
I' #4 AWG #8 AWG a
#10 AWG „
#8
100
70
10x10x4
1-1/4
#4 AWG #4 AWG
#8 AWG
#8
200
41 0
10x16x4
2
2/0 AWG F 1/0 AWG B
#6 AWG i
#4
225
158
10xl6x4
2
3/0 AWG 2/0 AWG
#4 AWG
#4
400
280 ;I
10x24x4
3
400 mil y 300 kcmil i{
#3 AWG i
1/0
V&10ZZA
Special precautions when
installing electrical ser-
vice. Installation of the
electric power to the home
can cause exposure to live
electrical circuits. Exposure
to live electrical circuits or
improper grounding of the
conductor in the panel
board may result in severe
shock or possible electro-
cution. A qualified installer
must make the connections
for the electric power.
MANUFACTURED BEAUTIFULLY' ManufI acturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 71
I
FEEDER CONNECTIONS
Feeder connections are made from
From above — mast weatherhead feed
The routing, connection, and support of
Homes equipped this way contain all ne,�4
panel. However, the feeder conductors 1
site. If the masthead is located above th�
eight feet above all roof points that the cl
to this rule: (1) The vertical clearance ma
minimum slope of 4 in 12; and (2) The vE
if no more than four feet of service -drop i
if they terminate at a through -the -roof rac
ance must also be provided from the fins
measurement may vary from 10 feet to 1
pated below the service drop (refer to the
heads above the point of attachment of t
rain -tight. If individual conductors do not
From below — underside junction box I
A section of conduit is factory installed th
with approved fittings and conduit (not pri
service entrance cable enters the crawl s
conductors from the main power supply b
of the main panel board inside the home,
conductors enter the crawl space, a sepa
fer to Table 27 for the conductor and jun(
provide the supply connection including tl
duit connectors. Protect conductors emer
inches below grade to eight feet above g)
The distance measured from the top surfi
the finished grade must meet the minimui
Use a moisture -proof bushing at the end
emerges.
or from below the home as follows:
e service drop must meet local codes.
:ssary conduits to the electrical distribution
of provided with the home) are installed on
roof overhang, allow a minimum clearance of
nductors pass over. There are two exceptions
r be reduced to three feet if the roof has a
tical clearance may be reduced to 18 inches
inductors pass above the roof overhang, and
:way or approved support. A minimum clear -
grade to the service -drop conductors. This
I feet; depending on the types of traffic antick
NEC). Unless impractical, locate service
e service -drop conductors and make them
xtend downward, form drip loops.
)ugh the floor cavity. Connect to that conduit
sided with the home) to the point where the
ace. Install properly -sized service entrance
the panel board. Depending on the location
)r the point at which the service entrance
ate service disconnect may be required. Re -
on box requirements. The installer must
feeder conductors, junction box, and con-
ing from the ground from a minimum of 18
de, or to the point of entrance to the home.
;e of a buried cable, conduit, or raceway to
burial requirements outlined in the NEC.
the conduit from which the buried cable
GROUNDING
The home must be properly grounded to pr(
proved method of grounding the home is th)
in the manufactured home distribution pane
carrying metal parts to the electrical system
:ect the occupants. The only safe and ap-
)ugh an electrically -isolated grounding bar
board. This grounds all non-current-
n the home at a single point.
Each neutral conductor must be connected to the system grounding conductor on the
supply side of the main disconnect in accordance with Articles 250.24, 250.26, and
250.28 of the National Electrical Code, NFPA No. 70-2005.
Where the meter base has a disconnect (typ
from the service electric panel, although this
should be bonded at that disconnect and the
ground. Four wires will leave the service elei
will enter the disconnect from the meter bas(
Where there is no disconnect on the meter C
vice electric panel (typically when the meter
panel, although this may vary by LAHJ), the
panel becomes the first disconnect. In this c;
the service electric panel and connected to t
electric panel. Three wires lead between the
(refer to Figure 81)
:ally when the meter is more than 6 feet
nay vary by LAHJ) the ground and neutral
grounded to the driven earth
ric panel to the disconnect. Three wires
(refer to Figure 80).
-e or between the meter base and ser-
within 6 feet from the service electric
ain circuit breaker in the service electric
e, the neutral and ground are bonded in,
driven earth ground from the service
)eter base and the service electric panel
i ' //
Power supply. A large
enough power supply must
be available at the site. An
inadequate power supply
may result in improper op-
eration of and possible
damage to motors and ap-
pliances. It may also in-
crease electricity costs.
i ' //
Grounding the electrical
system. Do not provide
electrical power until the
grounding electrode is in-
stalled and connected.
When the meter base is not
on the house never use the
neutral conductor of the
feeder cable as a ground
wire.
72 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
I
Service Entry
(May Be Above Or Below Ground)
Main Panel
Enclosure
_2' Conduit To
s Neutral Service Head
Equipment Bus Bar
Ground
Bus ear
Meter By Utility Meterbase
Company
Figure 80. Electrical feeder
I Ground From
Meter Enclosure Disconnect
connection when meter has
2' Conduit
a disconnect installed (typi-
Bonding Strap
Not Installed I
cally more than 6 feet from
Disconnect
(Fused)
service electric panel).
Grounding Lug +-2' Conduit
Installed at
To Chassis
Factory To Main To Grounding Rod
�r Panel
Metallic Conduit Or Fittings To
Be Effectively Grounded To I
Equipment Ground Black - °HOT° To A Or B
Red -'HOT' To A Or B
White To Neutral Bus Bar
Ground To Equipment Ground
—Main Panel Service Entry
Enclosure (Above Or Below Ground)
�— 2' Conduit To
Neutral Service Head
EquipmentBus Bar
Ground
Bus Bar Meter By Utility
Figure 81. Meter base wiring
Company
when there is no separate
disconnect installed (typically
MeterEndosuro
within 6 feet of service elec-
Bonding Slap 2° Conduit Not Installed
tric panel).
2' Conduit
Grounding Lug �—Installed et Factory
To Chassis To Main
To Grounding Rod -Panel
Metallic Conduit Or Fittings To Ba 1T
Effectively Grounded To Equipment ` Black -'HOT' To A Or B
Ground Red -'HOT' To A Or B
White To Neutral Bus Bar
In all cases, a grounding electrode conductor and a ground wire must be installed ac-
cording to the following specifications:
1. Grounding wire to be per Table 27 provided y the manufacturer. If manufacturer
provides a minimum 1/2 inch EMT or conduit raceway, the #6 minimum bare cop-
per wire is provided by the retailer for installation.
2. The clamp connecting the grounding wire to Ithe electrode shall be suitable for di-
rect burial and located flush or below ground level.
3. Use a listed 5/8 inch diameter by eight foot long iron electrode or nonferrous rod of
at least 1/2 inch diameter by eight feet long for grounding (larger sizes may be re-
quired by the LAHJ due to soil impedance).!
4. Drive the electrode to a depth of not less than eight feet so that at least eight feet
of the electrode is in contact with the soil.
I
5. When rock is encountered, the electrode may be driven at an angle not to exceed
45 degrees from vertical or buried in a trench that is at least 2-1/2 feet deep.
FIELD INSTALLED METER BASE j
When a meter base is installed in the field, Figure 82 and the following requirements
must be adhered to:
• Install the meter base according to the manufacturer's instructions.
• Use straps to support any conduit. Do nIot use the meter base equipment for
support.
• - Use exterior equipment and enclosures listed as weatherproof and entrance
-
conductors listed for wet locations.
I
•
MA.WAVUl.. lkAUTuauv- Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
i
73
• The grounding bar may be inI
es of testing the electrical sysi
• The grounding bar may be isc
attached, after the tests are a
• Check with the local electrical
cations and distances for the i
• The field installed meter base
its listing. Fasten securely to e
tight seal.
• Check the local code for any i
base.
Meter
STEP 2. CONNECT WA
separate from the neutral bar for purpos-
during the electrical check and re -
utility to verify meter base requirements and lo-
nain panel and meter box.
enclosure must be installed in accordance with
xterior wall studs and provide for a weather-
CONNECTION
To connect the home's water system to J
ed under the home (usually below the wai
follow the procedure described below (ref
1. Flush pipe. Flush field -installed
tion to the home's water inlet.
2. Clean threads. Ensure that pipe
3. Install pressure -reducing valve
stall a pressure -reducing valve.
4. Connect valve. Install a main st
the inlet on the home. Locate the
jacent to the home. Select a full
valve. To prevent the possibility
siphon valve on all field installed
irements regarding the location of the meter
Exterior Wall
Enclosure
1/4" Air Space
Between Meter
Enclosure And
Exterior Wall
SERVICE
water source, identify the water inlet locat-
heater compartment or utility room) and
to Figure 83):
ater piping free of all debris prior to connec-
threads are clean.
If the local water supply exceeds 80 psi in -
it -off valve between the water supply and
riser for the shutoff valve underneath or ad -
low gate or ball shutoff valve, or equivalent
f fresh water contamination install an anti-
)xterior faucets.
Figure 82. Meterbase
clearances.
Maximum water pressure.
The water system for the
home was designed for a
maximum inlet pressure of
80 psi.
l
74 Mal ufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 .
Factory-Instaned
Water Pipe
Optional Hose Bib
(Not Supplied)
Connect To THere For For Water
System Test J Service
Connection
(Not Supp"'
Locate Water Riser
Underneath or 5" Mandatory
Adjacent to Home I i Valve (Not
5. Install water heater discharge drain. Inspect the drain opening on the water
heater to ensure that it is clear of any obstruction. If the home is to be installed
on a basement or enclosed crawlspace, install drain pipe connecting the dis-
charge from the water heater temperature and pressure relief valve to the out-
side or to a sump. 1
6. Install water heater drip pan drain. Assure that the drain for the water heat-
er drip pan does not terminate under the home. Using the materials provided
and the accompanying instructions run a drain line from the water heater drip
pan through the wall or floor to the exterior of the crawl space. Terminate the
line between six and 24 inches above grade. (Figure 84). Make the termina-
tion point rodent proof.
7. Insulate. In areas subject to freezing temperatures, protect with insulation or
heat tape pipes, valves and pressure reducers that are exposed to the outdoors;
and pipes in water heater compartments with non -insulated doors. Connect heat
tape to the electrical outlet under the home near the water supply inlet.
i
Figure 83. Water system
connection
Using check
valves. Install a check
valve on the water inlet to
prevent water system
drainage in the event of a
loss of water pressure from
the source. Such pressure
loss could cause the water
heater to drain, exposing
the heating elements of
electric water heaters caus-
ing them to fail.
Figure 84. Water heater drip
pan and drain
i ' //
Selecting heat tape. Use
only pipe -heating cable
(tape) listed for manufac-
tured homes, and install it
in accordance with the ca-
ble (tape) manufacturer in-
stallation instructions.
Testing water lines. Only
use pneumatic (air) testing
when hydrostatic testing is
not practical. Air under
pressure is explosive. Ex-
ercise extreme caution and
notify all site personnel of
•
MA �,a�,e,eo,EAe,,,��__ Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 75
TESTING
After testing the electrical system and connecting the water lines check the water sys-
tem for leaks using one of the procedures described below. Before testing, close all
water faucets, spigots, and toilet -tank float valves.
Hydrostatic (preferred):
1. Fill water heater. Confirm thz
2. Pressurize system. Connect
cation shown in Figure 83. Pr
then isolate it from the pressu
thest points in the system.
3. Hold pressure. Monitor the p
4. Fix leaks. If the pressure drol
by cutting out and discarding
pipe or joints with couplings.
5. Repeat. Repeat the test until
Pneumatic:
1. Bypass water heater. Bypas:
outlet and cold inlet water line;
gether. This will protect the ho
volved in the test from possible
2. Pressurize system. Connect
inlet, pressurize the system to
the system.
3. Hold pressure. Monitor the pr
drops below 100 psi, locate ar
tions and looking,for bubbles.
4. Fix leaks. Correct any leaks b
or joints and installing new pip
5. Retest. Repeat the procedure
6. Restore connections. Recon
FREEZE PROTECTION FOR UNO
If the home is to be left unheated in
follows:
1. Disconnect supply. Turn off tt
ply inlet.
2. Drain water heater. Turn off th
the valve to direct water away f
drain the tank completely.
3. Drain faucets. Open all faucet
area if plumbed, and any exteri
4. Drain toilets. Flush toilets and
5. Close faucets. Close all water
6. Connect compressor. Conner
inlet connection using a low pr(
7. Open faucets. With the air sup
throughout the home.
8. Disconnect compressor. Afte
disconnect the air supply and c
9. Pour anti -freeze. Pour an antil
sinks, tubs, and toilets. Be sure
P-traps.
STEP 3. CONNECT GAS
CONNECTION
If the home uses natural or liquid petrc
or space heating, cooking or other apr
the water heater tank is full of water.
hydrostatic pump, valve, and gauge to the lo-
surize the system with water at 100 psi, and
source. Bleed all air from the highest and far -
for at least 15 minutes.
below 100 psi, locate and correct any leaks
d pipe sections or joints and installing new
leaks have been eliminated.
the hot water heater by disconnecting the hot
from the water heater and joining them to -
water tank from damage and protect those in -
injury.
in air pump and pressure gauge to the water
100 psi and isolate the pressure source from
,sure for least 15 minutes. If the pressure
leaks by applying soapy water to the connec-
cutting out and discarding bad pipe sections
or joints with couplings.
ntil all leaks have been eliminated.
;ct the water heater and the water supply.
PIED HOMES
weather, protect water lines from freezing as
water supply and disconnect the water sup -
water heater; if necessary, attach a hose to
m under the home, open the drain valve and
throughout the home (including the laundry
r faucets) and let them drain completely.
water tanks completely.
is with the exception of one.
a maximum of 30 psi air supply to the water
sure compressor.
y on the system, open one faucet at a time
the entire system has been drained of all water,
)se the water inlet valve.
eeze solution into all drain traps, including
that the antifreeze is safe for the fixtures and
E
gas (LPG, also known as propane) for water
:s, follow the procedure described below:
the test. Wear protective
eyewear and take precau-
tions to prevent impact
damage to the system
while the test is in progress.
Do not pneumatically test
CPVC systems. Pneumati-
cally test Flow Guard Gold
systems only at low pres-
sure levels (20 psi or less).
Pressurizing water lines.
When pressurizing the wa-
ter system, connect the
pump to a location above a
closed shut-off valve so as
not to introduce pressure
into the municipal water
supply.
Toilet -Tank Water Level.
Adjust toilet tank water lev-
el to level indicated using
the water level adjustment
screw located on the toilet
tank float valve.
i , /,
Anti -Scald Valves. Anti -
Scald valves have been in-
stalled on all tubs,
tub/showers and showers
in the home. The valves are
preset by the valve manu-
facturer to about 105°F
(41 °C). After the water lines
have been flushed, the out-
let temperature at each tub,
tub/shower and shower
must be tested to ensure
that it does not exceed
120°F(49°C). Water should
run for at least one minute
on the hottest setting be-
fore taking the temperature
reading. Some customers
may desire temperatures
higher than 105°F (41 °C).
Temperature may be ad-
justed using the instructions
provided with the valve. In
no case should the temper-
ature exceed 120°F (49°C)
as this may result in serious
bodily harm and/or death.
Valve instructions can be
found in the Homeowners
manual.
i 1 /,
Installing gas lines. Only qual-
ified professionals may con-
nect and test gas service.
W.
Installation Manual - June 2015
1. Inspect vents. Assure that all exhaust vents
curely connected and that roof jacks and star
transit and they are properly installed.
2. Review appliance instructions. Review ea(
structions before the home is connected to tt
ances are typically configured to operate on
be LPG, consult the appliance manufacturer'
changes need to be made. For homes locate
may require a different orifice.
n gas -fired equipment are se-
s have not come loose during
i appliance manufacturer's in -
gas supply. Most gas appli-
itural gas. If the gas supply will
instructions to determine what
above 3,000 feet, appliances
3. Remove cap. Remove the protective cap from home inlet pipe and install a
full flow shut-off valve at the supply inlet (Figure 85).
4. Install regulator. The gas piping system is
least seven inches of water column (4 oz. p
than 14 inches of water column (8 oz. per s
supply source exceeds, or could exceed thi
quired by the LAHJ.
5. Connect supply. Using matching threaded
the inlet side of the shut-off valve.
6. Close valves. Close all valves at
valve.
Full Flow Shutoff
Valve Required
(Suppl
Other:
Source of Gas
TESTING
Union
esigned for a pressure that is at
sq in or 0.25 psi) but not more
in or 0.5 psi). If gas from any
pressure, install a regulator if re-
connect the gas supply to
prior to opening the main supply
By
Test the gas piping system in the following two ways: 1) piping only and 2) entire sys-
tem. Consult with the LAHJ for any additional testing or start-up requirements.
Before testing is begun, the temperature of the ambient air and the piping should be
approximately the same. Conduct the tests when and where air temperatures will re-
main constant.
Piping only test (all appliance's isolated)
1. Isolate appliances. Isolate all appliances from the system by closing all ap-
pliance shut-off valves.
2. Attach gauge. Attach to the home's gas ihlet a mercury manometer or slope
gauge calibrated in increments of not more than 1/10 lb.
3. Pressurize system. Using an air compressor, pressurize the system with
compressed air to three psi and isolate the pressure source from the system.
4. Monitor pressure. Monitor the pressure for at least 10 minutes.
5. Check for leaks. If pressure drops below three psi, check for leaks by apply-
ing a non -corrosive, ammonia -free gas leak detection fluid to the joints at all
valves, appliance connections, and crossover connections (do not use dish
washing detergents, soap, or other household chemicals). If bubbles form,
tighten the connection and recheck.
6. Repair leaks. If leaks persist, replace defective pipes or fittings with sound
material and retest.
7. Release pressure. Release pressure arid open all appliance shut-off valves.
8. Rinse connections. Thoroughly rinse all tested connections with water to
remove leak detection fluid.
I
Figure 85. Gas service con-
nection
Fill gas water heaters. Be-
fore lighting the pilot on a
gas powered water heater,
fill the tank with water. Fail-
ure to do so could damage
the water heater.
.II '
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
77
Entire system test (with appliances
1. Close appliances. Close all
cording to the individual gas
2. Open valves. Assure that g�
open position.
3. Attach gauge. Attach to the
ounces.
as equipment controls and pilot light valves ac-
Iuipment manufacturer's instructions.
shut-off valves for all gas equipment are in the
gas inlet a pressure gauge calibrated in
4. Pressurize system. Pressurise the system with compressed air to six to eight
ounces (3/8 to 1/2 psi, or 10 to 14 inches of water column).
5. Check for leaks. Check for le�ks as described above in step 4 of the Piping
only test. Replace defective pipes or fittings with sound material and re -test.
6. Rinse connections. Thoroughly rinse all tested connections with water to
remove leak detection fluid.
GAS APPLIANCE START-UP
Open the shut-off valve for each applia ce and adjust the burners according to the appli-
ance manufacturer's instructions. Verifyjthat the furnace and water heater thermostats
are operating properly and set them to the desired temperatures.
STEP 4. CONNECT OIL SERVICE
Homes that are equipped with oil burning furnaces must have oil supply piping installed
and tested on site by a qualified professional in accordance with NFPA 31, Standard for
the Installation of Oil Burning Equipment, 2001 or the requirements of the LAHJ, which-
ever is more stringent. The home manuf cturer does not supply oil piping or tanks.
OIL CONNECTION
Consult the furnace manufacturer's instr ctions for proper pipe -sizing and installation
procedures. Where piping is run through lthe bottom of the home, ensure all holes in
the bottom board are sealed tight with foam, mastic, and/or tape specially made for that
purpose and made rodent proof.
When equipping the home with an oil sto age tank, comply with the following:
• Install the pipe with a gradual slIope toward the fill end or drain plug (if so
equipped) to facilitate pumping pr draining of water and sludge.
• Provide a readily accessible aF
stalled to close against the sup
• Equip the tank with an approve
the tank shut-off valve. Use a f
to trap water.
• Equip under ground tanks with
and a minimum 1-1/4 inch diar
above grade.
• Locate the tank to be
and other hazards.
manual shut-off valve at the outlet, in -
oil filter or strainer located downstream from
;r or strainer containing a sump with a drain
filler neck extending one foot above grade
ter vent pipe extending at least two feet
for service and inspection, and safe from fire
• If the tank is located inside a compartment of the home, provide ventilation at
the bottom of the compartment to permit diffusion of vapors. If the tank is
fixed to the home, provide for filling and draining from the outside.
• Insulate interior tanks from the structural members of the home. Provide tanks
so installed with an outside fill anll vent pipe and an approved liquid level
gauge.
• Install tanks that feed vaporizing type oil furnaces so that oil flows by gravity.
To achieve efficient gravity flow, make sure that the bottom of the tank is at
least 18 inches above the furnace oil control level.
I
• Tanks for gun type oil furnaces (these furnaces include a fuel pump) may be
installed above or below ground.
OIL SYSTEM TESTING
Before operating the system, fill the tank to capacity with the fuel to be burned and visual -
Iv check all ioints in the system for leakage. Replace (do not repair) parts that leak.
Testing oil tanks. All oil
storage tank and piping in-
stallations and tests must
meet all applicable local
regulations and should be
made only by experienced,
qualified personnel.
78 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
I
Prepare Appliances and Equipment
This chapter provides instructions for installing and/or preparing appliances and other equipment. While the items below
can be completed in any order, the last item, CONDIJCT ELECTRICAL TEST, must be done last.
INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT PUMP (p. 79)
PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM (p 80)
INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT (p. 80)
PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM (p. 81)
PREPARE FUEL -BURNING WATER HEATER (p. 81)
INSTALL EVAPORATIVE COOLER (p. 82)
PREPARE CLOTHES DRYER (p. 83)
PREPARE SMOKE ALARMS (p. 84)
PREPARE FIREPLACES (p. 84)
PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH APPLIANCES / FIXTURES (p. 86)
INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING (p. 87)
INSTALL CEILING FANS AND LIGHTING (p. 87)
TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (p. 88) j
INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT PUMP (if applicable)
CENTRAL UNITS
V ' //
Install split system or unitary central air conditioners and/or heat pumps as follows:
• A
1. Check suitability. Check the home's Comfort Cooling Certificate (may be includ-
Use listed appliances. All appli-
ed with the data plate) to confirm that the home is suitable for installation of cen-
cable appliances must be listed or
tral air. If so, note the air distribution system's rated duct capacity (BTU/hr), any
certified by a nationally recognized
equipment sizing guidance provided by the manufacturer and information provid-
testing agency for the application
ed to calculate the home's heat gain.
for which the unit is intended and
2. Select equipment. Select equipment with a rated heating capacity (BTU/hr) not
installed in accordance with the
terms of its listing or certification.
exceeding the maximum indicated on the home's data plate and a rated cooling
Properly sizing equipment.
capacity sized in accordance with Chapter 28 of the 1997 ASHRAE Handbook of
Oversized cooling equipment can
Fundamentals or ACCA Manual J, Residential Cooling Load, 8th edition. Infor-
lower energy efficiency, reduce
mation needed to calculate the home's heat gain can be found on the home's
comfort, shorten equipment life,
comfort cooling certificate. Choose equipment with a minimum circuit amperage
and may cause moisture prob-
(found on the equipment rating plate) no greater than the branch circuit rating of
lems in the home (including po-
the exterior air conditioning receptacle (indicated on the adjacent tag), if present.
tentially damaging the home's
3. Install A -coil. When installing a cooling A -coil in a down -flow furnace that incorpo-
structure). Sizing guidance is pro-
rates a fresh air intake duct, position the duct in the furnace cavity according to
vided by the Manufactured Hous-
the furnace manufacturer's instructions (Figure 86). For electric down -flow fur-
ing Research Alliance Cooling
naces, trim the ventilation duct as needed to allow installation of the A -coil and
Equipment Sizing Guidelines
secure the duct to the wall of the compartment or to the top of the A -coil. Do not
available at www.mhrahome.org.
restrict the flex duct opening; allow the duct insulation to contact the A -coil, or al-
low the duct to become kinked, restricted, or configured to form a trap.
MAN. GACTU W HA�11Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 79
"Whole
House"
Ventilation
Flex Dud
Fumace
PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM
If the home does not contain a factory ins
heating appliance according to INSTALL
EQUIPMENT, p.80. Prepare fuel -burning
follows:
heating appliance, install a remote
)TE HEATING AND COOLING
lg systems included with the home as
1. Inspect for damage. Inspect the f6mace and report any damage to the home
manufacturer.
2. High altitude. If the home is locate
indicated in the furnace manufactur
each 1,000 feet above sea level. TI
some jurisdictions, licensed) technic
3. Convert for LPG gas. If LPG gas (
from natural gas to LPG gas use. C
(if required by the LAHJ) licensed tE
4. Install intake air pipe. Consult the
maximum allowable pipe run length
ative to expected snow levels (chec
acceptable materials, pipe supports
5. Install flue. For combustion appliai
sembly as described in PREPARE
INSTALL REMOTE HEATING A
Install remote units in compliance with all hi
in this chapter above and the following:
1. Locate connections to the home. I
labels, or tags under the home indic-,
ply and return air. If connectors are r
supply duct location such that there I
registers forward and rear of the con
center of the home.
more than 2,000 feet above sea level or as
-'s instructions, derate gas furnaces 4% for
l work must be done by a qualified (and in
will be used, convert the appliance
i must be made by a qualified and
1ppliance manufacturer's instructions for
requirements for air dampers, locations rel-
with the LAHJ for expected snow levels),
and pipe termination requirements.
:es, install the flue roof cap and stack as-
IREPLACES, Chimneys (p.84).
D COOLING EQUIPMENT
ing and cooling equipment requirements
id the manufacturer -installed connectors,
ng the required connection points for sup-
t provided nor location indicated, select a
a approximately equal numbers of supply
action point. Locate the return duct in the
2. Install ducts. Install the appropriate supply and return ducts (not provided) be-
tween the remote unit and the home (Figure 88) making connections according to
the instructions for crossover ducts in �lCrossover Connections (p. 49).
3. Install dampers. If installing a remote cooling unit in a home with a factory in-
stalled furnace, install dampers between the furnace and the home's air duct
system, and between the remote unit and the home's air duct system to prevent
warm air in heating mode from escapi i g to the remote cooling unit and vice ver-
sa.
Figure 86. Whole house
ventilation flex duct in an
electric down -flow furnace.
From left to right. as pre-
pared in the factory, proper
installation with A -coil, im-
proper installation with A -coil
' //
Selecting A -coils. Use only
A -coil units compatible and
listed for use with the fur-
nace in the home and in-
stalled in accordance with
the furnace manufacturer's
instructions.
Installing flue stacks with a
hinged roof. If flue stack
components are installed
above the finish roof line
(as is often the case with
hinged roofs), an Alterna-
tive Construction letter is
required along with a fol-
low-up inspection. Contact
the factory for guidance.
Venting appliances to the
outside. Vent to the exteri-
or of the home all combus-
tion appliances except
ranges and ovens.
Selecting ducts. Exterior
ductwork for remote units
must be provided by the in-
staller or HVAC contractor.
Ducts must be approved for
exterior installation and
should be wrapped with in-
sulation of at least R-8 un-
der a vapor barrier with a
perm rating of not greater
than one. (For ENERGY
STAR homes, the R-value
must be at least that speci-
fied on the manufacturer's
ENERGY STAR Site Instal-
lation Checklist —generally
a minimum of R-8.)
80 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
F_
Furnace
a
0
Exterior Duct
Darnpers
IRemote Unt
Home
4. Connect wiring. Install a thermostat containing a fan switch. Connect utilities
in accordance with all manufacturer's instructions and local codes.
5. Seal penetrations. Repair or replace all floor insulation disturbed during the
duct installation and seal holes in the bottom board using foam, mastic, or
tape specially made for that purpose.
Supply
D uct
Air Conditioning or
Heating Equipment
arriage I Supply Retu
ne Duct � Duct
Support Straps at �� upportBlock
48" in. O.C. Minimum
(Minimum Clearance Between
Ducts and Ground to be4in.
PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM
Prepare the whole -house ventilation system acco ding to the ventilation system manufac-
turer's instructions. Confirm that any fresh air intake ducts extend to the exterior and do
not draw air from the crawlspace under the home: Do not allow any fresh air ventilation
intake ducts to become kinked or restricted, forming a trap (Figure 86).
PREPARE FUEL -BURNING WATER HEATER
The water heater discharge and drip pan drains should have been installed in Connect
Utilities (p.75).
In homes with direct -vent water heaters (that utilize gas, oil, or other combustion fuel),
and where the water heater is not independently; vented to the exterior through a grilled
opening, provide combustion air from under the floor using pipe and cement acceptable
to the appliance manufacturer or through the roof via a double -walled flue pipe. If provid-
ed through the floor, run the air piping to the exterior of the home, with supports spaced
every 3-1/2 feet D.C. or less. Terminate the pipe'facing downward a minimum of 12 inches
above the ground surface and provide a screen on the pipe vent cap.
Figure 87. Remote unit
damper locations
Figure 88. Ducts connecting
exterior heating and/or cool-
ing equipment to the home
I /,
Choosing pipe lengths. The
appliance manufacturer may
designate the length of the
pipe run based on the pipe di-
ameter and the number of
turns in the pipe run.
MANUTACTUIID IIAV•UIIY• Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
81
INSTALL EVAPORATIVE COOLER OPTION
Install evaporative coolers (also known a
1. Check suitability. Check the ho
with the data plate) to confirm thaiII
evaporative cooler and if so, any e
facturer. Only install a roof mount
with a platform and electrical supp
2. Select equipment. Select a unit
the unit will be roof mounted, choo
cluding water) of 220 lbs.
3. Install. To install the unit, follow th
requirements of the cooler's listing,
the requirements in this manual, wl
4. Secure roof -mounted cooler. To
i
swamp coolers) as follows:
me's Comfort Cooling Certificate (may be included
the home is suitable for the installation of an
quipment sizing guidance provided by the manu-
e
d unit if the manufacturer has provided the home
y intended for this use.
vyith a maximum blower capacity of 500 CFM. If
se one with a maximum operational weight (in -
manufacturer's instructions complying with the
II applicable local jurisdiction regulations and
;hever is more restrictive.
coolers, route guy wires over the side
edge rails, rather than the roof itselfi
other items protruding from the roof.)
5. Install air supply. For roof -mounted
than three feet from a smoke alarm.
the bottom board, with the exception
plicable crossover duct installation in
CONNECT DUCTS, p. 49) when inst
ducts airtight.
6. Seal penetrations. To prevent waterl
ing steps: For roof mounted units, se
and the boot connecting the cooler to
seal the bottom board where it is pen
and/or tape specially made for that pt
7. Connect water supply. Connect the
an overflow hose to the accumulation
home.
iminate potential leaks with roof -mounted
of the home and attach them to roof truss
Do not attach guy wires to roof vents, flues, or
units, install ceiling discharge grills no closer
For ground -mounted units, install ducts below
of vertical risers into registers. Follow all ap-
structions (Connect Crossovers, STEP 1.
ailing an under floor duct system to make
and air leakage into the home, take the follow -
al all fastener penetrations, roof penetrations
the roof opening. For ground -mounted coolers,
.trated by vertical risers using foam, mastic
to an external water supply and attach
Route overflow water away from the
8. Connect wiring. Using wire nuts, connect the wires from a junction box (Figure
89) to the cooler and replace -the cover on the box. Install coolers rated at 16
AMPS on a 20 AMP circuit and coolers rated at 12 AMPS max on a 15 AMP max
circuit. Use one junction box per cooler and the following color codes for assigning
wires:
• White = Neutral
• Yellow = Pump
■ Black = Low Fan
• Red = High Fan
• Green = Ground
Figure 89. Roof mounted
junction box
82
Installation Manual - June 2015
CHAMPION'
PREPARE CLOTHES DRYER
DRYER VENTS
If the home includes a clothes dryer, the components for ventilating the dryer are included
with the home (but not necessarily installed) and a vent opening has been roughed in either
in the wall or floor. (If a dryer is not installed, seal all dryer vent openings).
Run the dryer vent to the outside through the exterior v all or through the floor to a point
beyond the perimeter of the home, using materials approved by the clothes dryer manufac-
turer (see Figure 90). I
Vent Below Floor I Vent Through Exterior Wall
Elbow Wilh Clam pto gid or Flex Duct
f-RI9ld Duct Vent Cap —\�,�
to Dryer
Wall
Clampto Seal Bottom
Vent Cap Board
Clamp to Dryer
Elbow With Connection
Dryer Vent Rigid Duct
Cap Support Strap
Rigid or
Flex Duct
Wood Frame Secured to
Bottom of RimPlateor
Install Through Skirting
Install the vent as follows:
1. Remove temporary caps. Remove any temporary seals and duct caps from
the vent rough openings.
2. Install ductwork. Install ductwork using clamps (do not use screws or other
fasteners that penetrate into the duct) and support the duct with metal straps
connected to the floor joists or chassislat two feet o.c. or less. Ensure duct
connections are internally overlapped to prevent inhibiting the flow of air and
thereby causing lint accumulation.
3. Install cap and damper. Install an approved dryer vent cap with damper on
the exterior termination of the duct. If the vent terminates at skirting, secure
the cap to framing or skirting with sheet metal screws and seal edges with
caulk or sealant. If the vent terminates through a wall, apply a bead of sealant
to the back of the cap around the opening and secure with sheet metal screws
to metal, hardboard or fiber cement siding or with wood screws to a mount
block for vinyl siding.
4. Seal opening. Seal openings inside and outside of the home including at the
floor, interior walls, siding and skirting (with caulk), and at the bottom board
using foam, mastic and/or tape specially made for that purpose.
GAS DRYERS
If the home was not fitted for a gas dryer, installing one requires substantial alteration
to the home. Gas supply piping and adequate venting must be provided as specified by
the dryer manufacturer and installed by a trained professional. Do not cut major struc-
tural elements to accommodate a gas dryer.
i I
&AZZ
Venting exhaust systems.
Exhaust vents must extend
to the home's exterior
through skirting. Termination
of the dryer exhaust under-
neath the home can cause
condensation and moisture
damage to the home. Lint
and dust accumulation can
ignite, causing a fire. The
exhaust system must not
contain reverse slope.
Figure 90. Clothes dryer
ventilation ductwork through
floor (left) or exterior wall
(right)
Avoid damaging structural
elements. Do not cut or
otherwise damage structur-
al elements such as floor
joists or wall studs for the
installation of the dryer ex-
haust system.
Gas. Ventilation components
that may be included with
the home for an electric
dryer may not be accepta-
ble for gas dryers. Consult
the gas dryer manufacturer
instructions.
Installing ducts.
Keep ductwork straight and
smooth as possible without
excess slack. Slope it
slightly downward towards
the exterior to facilitate
moisture drainage.
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
83
PREPARE SMOKE ALARM;
The home has several factory installed
cuit. If the home was designed for plat
provided for installation at a pre -wired I
smoke alarm and test all alarms as folli
1. Check circuit. Ensure that ele
the smoke alarm circuit is on.
2. Remove batteries. Make sure
smoke alarms.
3. Test alarms. Press the test bu
should sound simultaneously v
pressed. Replace (with the sar
home) any alarms that do not,,
4. Replace batteries. After succe
carding the protective tabs.
PREPARE FIREPLACES
Install chimneys, chimney flashing and r
hearths according to the manufacturer's
low.
CHIMNEYS
Fireplace and wood stoves may require of
proved chimney pipe, a spark arrestor, an
turer's instructions and the procedures de
Remove coverings. Remove pro
and any foreign material from the
Install chimney pipe. Assemble
wood stove manufacturer's install,
tween the instructions and the figL
cient draft for proper operation, ex
the highest point where it penetrai
any surface within 10 feet of the cl
tion(s) of chimney pipe (not provid
has obstructions within 10 feet of 1
ke alarms that are wired to a 120-volt cir-
it on a basement, an additional alarm is
on under the home. Connect the basement
power to the home is activated and that
batteries (if any) are removed from all
n on each alarm sequentially. All alarms
:n the test button on any one smoke alarm is
brand as those installed elsewhere in the
nd and retest.
ful test, replace the backup batteries, dis-
fireplace combustion air inlets, and
Lions and the procedures described be -
site installation of additional sections of ap-
a rain cap assembly. Follow the manufac-
:ribed below:
live materials covering the roof flashing
tailed part of the chimney.
seal the chimney per the fireplace or
n instructions and if there is a conflict be -
follow the instructions. To assure suffi-
d the chimney at least three feet above
the roof and at least two feet higher than
ney (Figure 92). Use additional sec-
s if required by local code or if the site
chimney.
84
s Installation Manual - June 2015
MANUlACTUl10 El AUNUIIY•
Roof Top Asse tty
Abow
—. nw
Levd
Less Than 10' h
12' h
3. Install shingles. Install shingles up to the edge of the flue cut-out in the roof
deck. Secure shingles installed under the roof flashing with asphalt cement.
4. Install flashing. Place flashing over pipe section and shingles and set in as-
phalt cement. Secure flashing to roof deck at top two corners with roofing
nails.
5. Complete shingles. Cut shingles in successive courses to fit around the pipe
and embed them in asphalt cement where they overlap the flashing. Secure
shingles with roofing nails through flashing and apply asphalt cement over nail
heads. The completed installations should appear as shown in Figure 93, with
the lower part of the flange overlapping the lower shingles and the side and
upper shingles overlapping the flange.
Figure 91. Chimney and
combustion air intake duct
installation
r z
Selecting the appropriate
flue. Wood fireplaces use
larger diameter flues than
gas fireplaces. Make sure
flue matches the appliance
type. Gas fireplaces cannot
burn wood because the flue
is too small and smoke will
back up into the home. If
wood fireplaces are con-
verted to gas the flue will
be too large resulting in ex-
cessive heat loss through
the chimney.
Figure 92. Chimney clear-
ance
INAM
M,Ne, C,a,,,,,AU,,,a,L, Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 85
Push Down
Stone CoVar
i Trim With Street Metal
Sheers If Difficult To Make
Flashing Lay Flat On Roof
COMBUSTION AIR INLETS
Combustion air inlets provide combustion
combustion appliance. If through an exter
through the floor, extend the duct from its
tional duct material required for this shall
damper above expected snow levels (con
Follow the fireplace manufacturer's instrui
the chimney parts).
HEARTHS
If shipped loose, install the fireplace hearth
instructions.
PREPARE KITCHEN AND BA'
install kitchen and bath appliances accord
procedures described for each appliance I
COOKING APPLIANCES
If the home is provided with a range, cook
system that penetrates the floor, complete
Upper and Side
Roof Shingles Shingles Overlap
Flange and Are Set In
Flange Asphalt Cement
Flue Pipe J LLower Part of Flange
Overlaps Lower Shingle
r through the floor or an exterior wall to a
wall, site installation is not required. If
)int just below the floor to the outside (addi-
provided with the home). Locate the inlet
-t the LAHJ for snow levels).
ms (typically in the fireplace/stove or with
to the fireplace manufacturer's
APPLIANCES / FIXTURES
to the manufacturer's instructions and the
1. Remove covers. Remove the cover c
truding from beneath the floor near tl
2. Install termination fitting. Secure the
edge of the floor.
3. Install duct. Use the provided flexible
truding from the floor and the terming
installation instructions for guidance t
connections.
SITE -INSTALLED GAS APPLIANCES
Install only appliances with a Btu capacity equ
factory -installed piping and at the location of a
REFRIGERATOR
Prepare the refrigerator as follows:
and/or grill containing its own exhaust
exhaust system as follows:
n the factory -installed exhaust pipe pro-
p appliance.
rovided termination fitting at the outside
• Remove straps, blocks, or other secur
patch any resulting marks on floors or
• If the refrigerator has an icemaker, ch(
tion and a few days later to make sure
etallic duct to connect the elbow Aro-
n fitting. Refer to the manufacturer's
supporting the duct and making the
to or less than the capacity of the
r-installed gas riser.
devices used for shipping and
water lines for leaks upon installa-
leaks have developed.
SITE -INSTALLED APPLIANCES AND FIXTURES
If sinks, tubs, showers or other fixtures or appliances are to be site -installed, follow the
manufacturer's installation instructions. Use only products listed for use in manufac-
tured homes and follow all applicable local codes.
Figure 93. Roof flashing and
shingle installation around
chimney
i //
Installing combustion air
inlets. Do not install the
combustion air inlet such
that material from the
hearth can drop beneath
the home.
i //
Installing exhaust ducts.
Route exhaust ducts so
they do not terminate be-
neath the home.
s Installation Manual - June 2015
CHAMPION'
INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING
Install exterior lighting according to Figure 94 and the following:
1. Remove cover. Remove the screws and
2. Install flash ring. Place the non -combust
3. Connect wires. Connect fixture wires to I
black, white to white, and equipment grou
wire connectors. Push wires into the box.
4. Connect fixtures. Connect the fixture to 1
screws provided with the light fixture.
fer from electrical junction box.
flash ring over the junction box.
se wires in the box, black to
to equipment ground, using listed
junction box or strap using
5. Weatherproof. Weatherproof/caulk around the base of the fixture, leaving a
small gap in the caulking on the bottom to permit drainage of water that may
accumulate. i
6. Complete installation. Install bulb and globe on the fixture and verify proper
operation.
I
i
I
I
I
INSTALL CEILING FANS/LIGHTS
Install ceiling fans no closer than 36 inches to a smoke alarm, measured from the end
of the fan blade to the edge of the alarm and with the trailing edges of the blades at
least six feet -four inches above the finished floor. Comply with all unit manufacturers'
instructions and the requirements below. i
CEILING FAN/LIGHT MOUNTED TO FACTORY -INSTALLED ELECTRICAL BOX
IN CEILING
Before installing the unit, make sure that adequate structural bracing is present in the
ceiling. If uncertain, check with the manufacturer. Follow the fan or light manufacturer's
instructions to connect the unit and complete the wiring. If the instructions are not
available, connect the wiring as shown in Figure 95.
Ground Win:
Color Cc
Wires
Wire Nut
Ceiling B
Limited or
Noncombustible
Ring (If Required)
Mounting
V&10zzA
Lighting installation. A
qualified electrician should
install lighting. Before con-
necting lighting, disconnect
power to the lighting circuit.
Ground all exterior light fix-
tures.
Using a non-combustible
ring. Install a non-
combustible ring completely
covering any combustible
surfaces the fixtures may
be mounted on (e.g. hard-
board, clad wood and vinyl
siding), or when ceiling ma-
terial is exposed between
the light fixture canopy and
the junction box.
Figure 94. Exterior lighting
connection
i isorzz
Installing ceiling fans. A
qualified electrician should
install lighting and fans. Be-
fore connecting the ceiling
fan or light, disconnect
power to the fan wires. Any
unit installed outside of the
home (such as in a porch
ceiling) shall be listed for
wet locations.
Figure 95. Wiring for a ceil-
ing fan or chain -hung light
fixture with a maximum
weight of 35 /bs
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 87
TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEP
After completion of all electrical wiring a
ances, lights, and ceiling fans, inspect a
1. Fill water heater. Fill water he
switching on the circuit breake
connections, including crossovers, appli-
test the electrical system as follows:
r before turning on power to the home or
2. Test continuity. Before turning' on the electrical power to the home, conduct
an electrical continuity test to e.9sure that exposed metallic parts of the home
and the chassis are effectively bonded.
3. Test operation. After turning orb
operational tests of all devices (e
furnaces, dishwashers, clothes
demonstrate that they are conne
4. Test polarity. After turning on th
trical polarity checks to determin
stalled or completed during instal
fication is an acceptable electric
a
the electrical power to the home, conduct
xcept water heaters, electric ranges, electric
v�ashers/dryers, and portable appliances) to
cted and in working order.
eelectrical power to the home, conduct elec-
e that connections of electrical equipment in-
lation have been made properly. Visual veri-
� polarity check.
i! ii
Choosing ceiling fan junc-
tion boxes. Connect ceil-
ing fans only to junction
boxes listed and marked for
ceiling fan application in
accordance with Article
314.27(b) of 2005 NEC.
Always ground metal junc-
tion boxes.
Selecting fan weight. Do
not use any ceiling fans or
light fixtures that exceed
the weight rating of the box
(35 Ibs unless otherwise
noted).
Grounding electrical de-
vices. Ground fans/lights
using a fixture -grounding
device or a fixture -
grounding wire as specified
in the manufacturer's in-
structions.
*.
s Installation Manual - June 2015
CHAMPION'
Complete Exterior
This chapter covers sealing the bottom board, install
and completing site -built structures.
STEP 1. REPAIR AND SEAL BC
Tears and openings in the bottom board can res
activities. Inspect for holes and gaps across the
around service penetrations, crossover connecti
elements, and the perimeter of the floor. Using s
type of repair, repair the bottom board wherever
1. Insulate. Replace any missing insulati(
tom board, paying particular attention t
created at P-traps.
2. Repair large openings. Repair large c
bottom board fabric or other compatible
tom board tape held in place by fasten(
Seal the edges around patches with fo;
stall a rigid backer board behind the be
strate for the patch. 1
3. Repair small openings. Repair small 1!
vinyl bottom board tape, patches, mast
Alternate materials may be used to rep
they are appropriate for the type of reps
installation instructions.
ork
the ground cover and skirting, preparing wind protection shutters,
rTOM BOARD
It from transportation or installation
ntire bottom board, especially areas
is, pipe and duct hangers, foundation
proved materials appropriate for the
)rn or loosened as follows:
i prior to closure and repair of the bot-
insulation gaps that may have been
)enings with a durable patch made of
material and fastened with vinyl bot-
-s installed with a divergent stapler.
m or mastic. For large openings, in-
.om board to provide a fastening sub-
aps and tears with a combination of
or foam sealant.
it and seal the bottom board provided
it and installed per the manufacturer's
STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER
If the space under the home is to be enclosedlwith skirting or other materials, a ground
moisture retarder of a minimum six mil thick polyethylene sheeting or equivalent must
be installed covering the ground under the home. Moisture retarders are not required in
arid regions (less than 15 inches of rainfall annually) with dry soil conditions. If on -
grade (surface) footings are used, install the ground moisture retarder prior to placing
the footings, or install it around the footings after all other work under the home is com-
plete. I
i
Install the ground moisture retarder as follows:
1. Apply sheeting. Unroll the ground moisture overlapping joints in the sheeting a
minimum of 12 inches and covering the entire area under the home except for
areas under recessed entries, decks,, and porches.
2. Weigh down. To keep the retarder in place, weigh it down with stones, concrete
blocks, or other heavy, durable materials.
3. Repair tears. Repair any large voids or tears in the retarder by patching with
like material, maintaining a minimum 12 inch overlap, secured with tape or ad-
hesive. Repair small voids and tears with tape, adhesive or per manufacturer's
installation instructions.
i / A ,
Sealing bottom boards. A con-
tinuous and sealed bottom
board is critical for home per-
formance, energy efficiency,
protection against moisture
problems, prevention of pipe
freezing, and protection against
insects and rodents.
Bottom board sealing meth-
ods. Tapes shall never be used
alone to repair a bottom board.
Divergent staples or mastic
must be used in tandem with
tape to prevent future tear off.
Fastening vinyl siding. Do not
install fasteners directly into vi-
nyl siding. Allow for siding ther-
mal expansion by pre -drilling
minimum 1/2 inch diameter fas-
tener holes or fastening skirting
to a ledger under the home (see
Best Practice tip).
Avoiding radon.
For enclosed perimeter wall
crawlspace foundations in
areas where radon is com-
monly found in the soil,
continue the moisture re-
tarder up the perimeter wall
at least 12 inches, sealing
the edges and between the
seams with mastic.
nuNur�crweo ee�unrmer, Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 89
STEP 3. INSTALL SKIRTI
Skirting is any structural or non-structui
site -built structures (see STEP 5. COM
abut the home (such as porches, attact
TABLE 28. SKIRTING MATERIALS
G
perimeter crawlspace enclosure. Complete
.ETE SITE -BUILT STRUCTURES, p.92) that
i garages, and steps) prior to installing skirting.
IFICATIONS
Skirting must be of weather -resistant materials or provided with protection
against weather deterioration at least equivalent to that provided by a coat -
Skirting ing of zinc on steel of not less than 0.30 oz per sq ft of surface coated.
Skirting made from wood I or wood products and used within six inches of
the ground needs to be glade of materials naturally resistant to decay and
termite infestation or pressure -treated.
I
Ventilation openings must be covered for their full height and width with a
perforated (1A inch maximum opening in any dimension) corrosion and
weather -resistant covering that is designed to prevent the entry of rodents.
Vents
In areas subject to freezir g, the`coverings for the ventilation opehingsamust
have an operable damper, permitting them to be in the open or closed posi-
tion depending on the weather.
To design and install skirting, comply with the skirting manufacturer's instructions (if
provided) and the following: l
1. Configure skirting. Run the skirting along the perimeter of the home's heated,
conditioned space (Figure 96). Do not lenclose with skirting areas under recessed
entries, porches, or decks (whether constructed as part of the home or added on
site) unless skirting is of the fully vented type and installed so as to allow water to
freely flow out from under the home.
2. Fasten skirting. Recess the skirting under the siding or trim and attach it to the
home in a manner that prevents water from being trapped between the siding or
trim and the skirting. For wood, aluminum, or fiberglass skirting, install a skirt rail
(lumber strip) under the floor inset at least 1-1/2 inches from the edge of the siding
for attachment of the skirting. Allow for frost heave when installing skirting in areas
subject to frost.
Provide ventilation. Unless the skirting r
the following ventilation requirements, ins
least two opposite sides of the foundation
square foot for each 150 square feet of ur
feet if a ground moisture retarder is install
GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER, p. 8$
as practical.
Install access. Provide an access openir
inches high and located so that any utility
s integral ventilation openings that meet
III equally sized ventilation openings on at
Size ventilation area to equal at least one
ier-floor area (or for each 1,500 square
d according to STEP 2. INSTALL
. Place vents as high above the ground
not less than 18 inches wide and 24
)nnections located under the home are
accessible.
Extend vents, drains, and inlets. Run appliance exhaust vents, combustion air in-
lets, and air conditioner condensation drains through the skirting to the outside and
terminate each as instructed in the sections of this manual corresponding to each
appliance.
Perimeter
Skirting {3—" —�
Porch
Frame Beam
Beam Pocket Detail
Skirting
Beam Pocket
width = 5"
depth = beam depth
Attaching vinyl
siding. To install skirting on
vinyl -sided homes, screw a
treated 2 x 4 on edge to the
underside of the floor joists
two inches back from the
edge of the home. Screw
skirting tight to the 2 x 4.
OF F V
'
Avoid backfilling against
skirting. Do not backfill
against non-structural skirting.
Figure 96. Perimeter skirt-
ing at recessed entries,
porches, and decks
90 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
1111111561mviTATIN•
MANUFACTURED BEAUTIFULLY`
STEP 4. ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND PROTECTION
SHUTTERS
If desired, prepare temporary protective window covers for use during severe wind
storms and hurricanes according to Figure 97, Table129, and the procedure below.
1. Assemble extension framing using two 0.131" x 3'/d' nails at each connection.
2. Assemble shutter panels as shown in Figure 97.
3. Store the shutters such that they are protected from the weather, are not in di-
rect contact with the ground, and are easilylaccessible by the homeowner.
To attach shutters to the home: I
1. Fasten extension framing to wall framing members with #8 x 3" screws, per
Table 29.
2. Fasten assembled panel(s) to extension framing with #8 x 2" screws, per
Table 29.
i
I
Wdth
Extension Framing #3
or Stud Grade SPF
2x3 Minimum
TABLE 29. SHUTTER CONSTRUCTION
If Desired
Secure OSB or Plywood
to Studding VWth #8 x 2"
Screws at 6" O.C.
2x4 #2 SPF
Studding, Required
When Plywood or
OSB Used Is 1j" or
Less In Thickness
111r1cm
2 x 3 perimeter extension with 2 x 4 studding at 16 inches o.c.
Figure 97. Wind protection
shutter construction
P�oF ALgq
9�
PHILLIP J. 9
-CORFrUNQ
�I kt
fJG1NEER i}
NO. {s
32035
A �
e
°SVonol En9��e
June 1, 2015
MA.WAV.NE„E.e,,,e,,.- Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 91
STEP 5. COMPLETE SITE -BUILT STRUCTURES
Install site -built structures such as step, landings, garages, awnings, carports,
breezeways, porches, decks, railings, sheds, and utility rooms according to manufac-
turer's instructions (if any), in compliance with all local regulations including fire separa-
tion and electrical requirements, and according to the following:
• Do not obstruct any of the twc
home.
ired exit doors or egress windows from the
• Construct site -built structures to be structurally independent unless provided
for in the design of the home (instructions will be provided by the manufactur-
er).
• Do not damage the integrity of t
tem. Seal any weatherproofing
and the home and flash any roc
• Utilize only GFCI outlets for site
• Install and test smoke alarms in
code.
a home's structural or weatherproofing sys-
mnections between the site -built structure
connections.
)uilt structures.
site -built structures according to local
• The home's mechanical system ln� as been designed for the home itself and
does not consider the heating or cooling of the addition.
• The addition must meet all local
requirements. The manufacturer
addition's design.
, including site work and fire separation
not accept any responsibility for the
• The home with an addition must b'e in conformance with the HUD Manufac-
tureed Housing Code, such as exiting, light and vent, etc. The addition must
be approved by the jurisdiction having authority.
• Site Work shall be consistent with the objectives of site grading as described
in Prepare the Site.
• The manufacturer will not honor the warranty for any problem that relates to
the construction of the addition (leak problems, etc.)
• A dormer roof can be installed on tf'i
tions's roof: The shingles below the
must be vented properly. The dormE
distributed uniformly over the roof to
made to attach the dormer to the ho
loads of the addition. The dormer sh
-properly to prevent leaks (follow shir
ARMA guidelines for shingle valley
ing the above information as an aca
tion. Accordingly, by this letter the m
resentation either expressed or impl
here -in.
home to match the pitch of the addi-
)rmer must be removed and the dormer
weight shall be no more than 5 psf and
,ses of the home. Connections may be
e, but not be used to support the roofs
I be shingled, flashed and sealed
le manufacturer's instructions and
iplications). The manufacturer is provid-
nmodation only and without considera-
nufacturer extends no warranties or rep-
d with regard to the recommendations
i //
Designing site -built struc-
tures. All site -built structures
must support their own dead,
live, and wind loads and must
not transmit any loads to the
home's structure. All carports
should be freestanding.
Installation Manual - June 2015
•
MANUFACTURED REAUTIFUIIY`
Prepare Aorne•
Occupancy
Prepare riomefI
CC ncy
Follow these steps for final inspection and completio I of the home.
-V.STEP`1. ' '_ 'VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION (AC) INSPECTION.(p. 93)
„ . STEP. 2., COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST (p. 93)
STEP 3.. COMPLETE ENERGY STAR CHECKLIST (p. 93)
STEP 4., CLEAN THE HOME (p. 93)
STEP 1. VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION
(AC) INSPECTION
This is normally the responsibility of the retailer and the manufacturer, however, the in-
stallation is not complete until the alternative construction inspection has been passed
and documented. i
STEP 2. COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST
After all previous steps have been accomplished, inspect the home to verify that it has
been completely and properly installed using the checklist starting on p. 94.
Correct any deficiencies found, if possible, or if not possible, inform the retailer or man-
ufacturer immediately. i
STEP 3. COMPLETE ENERGY SITAR CHECKLIST
For ENERGY STAR qualified homes (check with the retailer or manufacturer), this step
is to be completed by the manufacturer's designated representative. Ask the retailer or
the manufacturer who this is. II
The manufacturer's representative must complete the Energy Star Site Installation
Checklist, obtain signatures on the ENERGY STAR label, and return the completed
ENERGY STAR Site Installation Checklist to the manufacturing plant.
STEP 4. CLEAN THE HOME
Remove and properly dispose of all installation generated dust, debris, and packaging
materials from the home and the surrounding property. Ensure that the home is in
"move -in" condition.
MANUFACTURED Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
93
Complete Ins
Use this checklist to confirm that the I
FOUNDATION
❑ Footings properly sized and consth
❑ Pier spacing per data plate and apI
❑ Piers properly constructed and verl
❑ Perimeter blocking installed (if regL
❑ Piers at each side of large sidewall
❑ Center line piers installed at columi
❑ Shims in place and tight
ANCHORS
❑ Approved anchors are used
❑ Anchors are installed at correct
❑ Anchor spacing and installation
❑ Longitudinal ties installed
❑ Anchor straps are tensioned
Ilation Checklist
aspects of the installation are complete and correct.
UNDER THE HOME I
❑ Moisture retarder installed
❑ The ground is properly graded to prey+
❑ HVAC ducts are supported off the groi
❑ Fireplace combustion air intake free ai
❑ No holes or tears in bottom board
❑ Skirting has been installed per manufE
provision for frost heave
❑ Dryer vent, range/cook top exhaust, w
pipe (when home is set over full baser
densate drain installed to perimeter of
EXTERIOR
❑ Shingled roofs are free of visible dame
missing or loose shingles
❑ Shingle close-up and ridge cap have t
❑ All hold down straps on shingled roofs
been properly sealed
❑ Penetrations at roof stacks, vents and
❑ Siding and trim is free of gaps, voids, i
defects. All seams are sealed and harp
for the soil conditions i ' //
le table and roof load zone Limits of the checklist. This
checklist is not all-inclusive.
Some homes have im-
portant features not listed
ings here. Completing this
checklist does not guaran-
tee that all installation re-
quirements have been met.
water accumulation
i and connected tightly to collars at all ends
unrestricted
instructions with proper venting and
heater temperature and pressure overt
or enclosed crawl space) and AC con -
✓I space
and serious defects and there are no
completed per applicable details
been removed and staple holes have
mneys have been properly sealed
sing fasteners, damage, and serious
�ard edges are sealed
❑ Drip edge and fascia is properly installed and free of damage and serious defects
❑ Gutters and downspouts are installed pro erly such that water is diverted away
from the home
❑ Trees and bushes have been trimmed to prevent brushing against the home in
windy conditions or under snow loads
❑ The HUD label is exposed, intact and legible
After relocating home.
Any home that has been re-
installed after its original in-
stallation should be in-
spected after it is set up, in
order to assure that it has
not been damaged and is
properly installed.
94 Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015 y�FWKIW�D �IWtyµp
❑ The exterior of the home and immediate surroundings is clean, clear of construction
materials, dust, and debris
INTERIOR
❑ Ceilings, walls, and floor coverings are free from damage and serious defects
❑ Carpeting is properly stretched and seamed
❑ All trim and molding is installed properly and free of damage and defects
❑ All cabinets, countertops, plumbing fixtures, appliances, furnishings, and window
coverings are free of damage or serious defects
❑ All cabinet doors and drawers work properly
❑ All interior and exterior doors and windows open, close, and latch properly
❑ One window in each bedroom meets emergency egress requirements, has operating
instruction labels on it, and operates properly
❑ All temporary shipping hardware has been removed
❑ Floors are level
❑ The data plate is intact and legible
❑ Smoke alarms have been tested _
ElThe interior of the home is clean, clear of mate, ials, dust, and debris
WATER AND DRAIN SYSTEMS
❑ Crossover and service connection and splicesihave been properly made with correct
materials
❑ Water and drain lines are insulated or otherwise protected from freezing
❑ Pipe supports are installed and properly spaced
❑ Proper slope has been maintained on all drains lines
❑ All necessary inspections and tests have been performed
❑ All sinks, basins, tubs, and toilets operate properly
ElAll hot and cold water lines are properly connected to fixtures, dispense water as
labeled, and operate properly
❑ Tub, tub/shower and shower outlets have been verified to ensure the outlet hot
water temperature does not exceed 120°F (49°C)
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
❑ The panel amperage matches the connection to the home
❑ The home has been properly grounded
❑ The main power supply has been properly connected and tested by a licensed
electrician
❑ All electrical crossovers have been connected
❑ All receptacles, switches, and light fixtures operate properly
❑ Ground fault circuit interrupters operate properly
❑ All exterior lights have been properly installed
GAS/FUEL OIL SYSTEMS
❑ The gas system pressure test has been conducted
❑ Connections between units are properly made with access as required
ElThe main fuel line has been properly connected and tested by a qualified technician
APPLIANCE OPERATING AND VENTING
❑ All appliances are working properly
❑ Appliance venting is in accordance with the !manufacturer's instructions
❑ Fresh air intakes are properly installed
❑ Whole house, kitchen, and bath exhaust fan operation are correct
❑ Fireplace chimney stack extension and roof cap have been installed in accordance
with the manufacturer's instructions
❑ Air conditioner/heat pump is sized properly;
r
Manufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
95
MISCELLANEOUS
❑ Installation/anchoring
(if required)
❑ Owner's and operation manuals
❑ This installation manual is left w
seals have been issued and installed
a available for all appliances
home
96 Manllufacturer's Installation Manual - June 2015
3401 W. Corsicana Street 2073 Evergreen Street 951 Route 12 South
Athens, TX 75751 Dresden, TN 38225 Sangerfield, NY 13455
903-67.7-0108 800-530-7335 1 731-364-4600 800-937-391 1 j 315-841-41
501 S. Burleson Blvd. 101 Garden Spot Road 308 Sheridan Drive
Burleson, TX 76028 Ephrata, PA 17522-0428 Topeka, IN 46571
800-414-2605 1 817-572-1341 800-733-6267 1 717-733-7941 800-777-6637 1 260-593-29
6420 West Allison Road 1915 SE State Road 100 PO Box 190, 1425 Sunnyside F
Chandler, AZ 85226 Lake City, FL 32025 Wesier, ID 83672
877-738-8838 1 520-796-4300 800-223-5471 1 386-755-3073 877-540-4906 1 208-549-14
2551 Champion Drive 4055 Highway 401 South 1660 Rowe Avenue
Claysburg, PA 16625 Lillington, NC 27546 Worthington, MN 56187
800-932-5121 1 814-239-5121 800-428-9182 1 910-893-5713 507-376-9460
299 N Smith Avenue 840 Palm Avenue 3200 Enterprise Avenue
Corona, CA 92880 Lindsay, CA 93247 York, NE 68467
951-734-6610 559-562-4951 1 800-451-4951 800-752-7906 1 402-362-44
CORPORATE OFFICE:
Champion Home Builders, Inc. i CAHAMPIONO
7.55 West Big Beaver Road
Suite 1000
Troy, MI 48084 MANUFACTURED BEAUTIFULLY'"
248.614.8200
www.championhomes.com
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Copyright June 2015 by Champi
All Rights Reserved.