The URL can be used to link to this page

Home My WebLink AboutTECH GUIDELINESSCANNED j Lucie TECHNICAL St. County ;I_ , M E L I IME S Prepared tv Cis TechnmM Guidelines Committee ci Uf Oq mer 1198° Ere -issued March 995) Guideline Na. 03730 Comm:rtee rnemihers daring the prelmranon c f ihr 1989 edirian, Peter H, Emmons, Chairman Don, Gardonio Structural Preservation Systems, Inc. Fasw Construction, Inc Baltimore, Maryland Maidstone, Ontario, Canada Kermit D. Bright Robert Tracy Structural Engineering Associates Tract Restoration EaginEers Kansas City, Missouri Arn Arbor,. Michigan Richard P. Delargey Douglas G. White Structural Maintenance Systems,Inc, Thomas Downey, Ltd, Exion,. Pennsylvania Arrington, Virginia C;rrre mr ron:miinee members tcFt rorjd¢ j/ trrPRer input jor the 7995 edst*n: Peter H.-Emmons, Chairman Jack A. Morrow - Stru-Iural Preservation Systems. Inc. Jamor Engineering Baltimore. Maryland Calgary, AB, Canada Tom Kline Ken Cozen Structural Preservation Systems, Inc. NTH Consultants, Lid. Gilberts, Illinois Farmington Hi4s, Michigan James E. McDonald Robert R. Cain Waterways Experiment Station KRC Associates t&aksb tm, Mississippi Miifcrd, Chao J International Concrete Repair Institute Introduction This document is the result of aprocess of disui6ution, commentary'. and revision by the'i` clinical Guideline., Commie and the memher- ship of the International Concrete Repair Institute. It was submitted io the voting members of the Association for approval an August 1. 1989. and approved by over 95 m of the respondents. a"cveral of the comments of the voting members. both from those who voted for approval acid those who voted against approval. are wonh noting and are reprinted below. • r-`venthough aguideline exists fordeterminingthcamountofallow•able corrosion before replacing or supplementing a rebar, it is always wise to consult a structural engineer if any corrosion exisis. • Special caution should be taken to locate and avoid buried electrical conduits or prestressing or post. fer sioni ng tendons when perform- ing removals. Cutting into either can be a fife threatening situation. • Undercutting. the. rebarshould not be counted on to secure the repair structurallyinlieu ofproper theexisting snbsarate. • A sawcut can and, possibly should, he greater than thtt'!: in. ( 13 awn) noted. as long as the reinforcing steel is not cut into. 1 i`nis document is intended at at voiunany guideline or the asrner. eiianprofessional and concieterepair amuracror It snotmtendLdio rtlice the praEess[on ten neezord siraerof m; responsibility for -i the spxific lhon of conmte repair meflio is. n t,ttcrials o, pmactices. i 1 While we twtic,c tbee information coriTainod htroin rep:c:.cmi the , proper means to nchiivc quality r sines, the, International Concrete Rcpa3: instt€are most disclaim any t4.':bShty or reripp€€siiiilitg iv those who may ch�xrse to rely cin all or any Parr of this uic#cSiue. Surface Preparation Guide 03730-1 Section Elevation G 03730-2 Caution! Before starting remotals,revtvr etcect at re=ets oR strucivraf in!botq. Provide stvaring of mamberasrecessary.ParsiGu�rcaresha3tbeaxr:ctsed at slab/beam connect€ons to cafumns. Section Column comer Slab or bvall Partial Death • x° - - Slab or Wall Fula Death s Inlem ational Concrete Repair Institute These derails are applicable to herb ontai, vertical, and overhead locations. They are also applicable to removal by hydro -demolition, hydro -milling, and ei tric, pneumatic or Hydraulic impact breakers. ® Remove loose ordelarninawd concrete above cor- roded reinforcing steel. 19 Once initial removals am made: proceed with the: undercutting, of all exposed corroded bars. Under- cutting will ptov`tc%clearance for under bar clean- ing and full bar circumference bonding to surrounding concrete, and will secure the repair structurally. Provide minimurn. 314 inch (1 fl mm`} cicarance between exposed rebars and surrounding concrete or V. inch (.6 mnt) larger than largest ,I gregtne in repair material, whichever is greater. Q Concrete removals shall extend along the bars to locations along the bar free of bond inhibiting corrosion and where the bar is well bonded to surllmndt'1,o concrete. Q If non -corroded reinforcing steel is exposed dur- ing the undercutting process. care shall be taken not to damage the bar's bond to suroundina concrete It bond i etween bar and .concrete i8 broken. undercutting of the bar shalt ne requircd. .Anyrainforcemem: which is looses, ,ill be secured in place by tying to other secured bars or by omer approved metho&. LYrt� �Yy y5 r r Surface Preparation Guide 03730-3 Cleaning of Reinforcing Steel Q All hcavv corrosion and scale should be removed Croin the bar as necesc:n to promote maximum bondof replacement material. (Yd free abrasive blast is the preferred method..A tightly bonded light rusk build-up on the surface is usually no,, detrimental to bona unless a protective touting is being applied to the bar surface, inwhicb case the coating manufacturer's recommendations For sur- face preparation should be followed: t� �t Rtinf4K75g - b3e61 Nczzis �. " PaSlvi Gearing barh,aCJ t a. ,Yt wi-mlr*3 aaa Repair of Reinforcing Steel Due to Loss of Sections If reinforcin.-steel has lost siettificamcress sectiom a New bars may be mechani::ally spliced to old bars structural eagincer should be consulted. If repairs arc orplaced parAel to wit] approximately 54- in.(19 mm) required to the reinforcing steel. one of the following #torn existing bus. Lap lengths shall be dererntined repair methads should be used: in accordance wah ACI 3 iS: also refer to CRSt and • Complete bar repiacement. or AASH"IQ nanual. • Add iiionofsupplemental bar nveraffectedsection. Affected Lengh Loss of Section "'— Sub plsreen`al BE, Requred LaoRequired Lap Affected length 03730-4 international Concrete Repair Institute Ij These details are applicable to h0ri2anbd. vertical. and overhead locations. Tney are also applicable to tt-tnvsfai by hy<Lm-clemtilition. hydromilling.,and ail c` tric. pneumatic or hydraulic impact breakers. Do not use rhese dercils for shoterew apg1ieatibrzx,-- jorshotarete repairs refer to ACI506 Edge Preparta- aon Guidelines. ® Remove detaminated concrete undercut rein. forcing steel (refer to -Exposing and Undeccut- ting of Reinforcing Steel" on page 3). remove additional concrete as required to provide mim- mum required thickness of repair material, Aredge locations, provide right angle: cuts to the. concrete surface With either of thefollowing methods: v 3awcut lr" - (13 mm) or less as required to avoid cutting reinforcing steel. • Use powerequipmentsuchashydrodemobnon or impact breakem Avoid feather edges, Q Repair configurations should be kept ussimpleas possible. preferably will squared corners. iZ After removals and edge conditioning are com- plete. remove bond inhibiting materials (dirt, concrete slurry, loosely bonded a-givnuest by abrasive blasting or high pressure waterbiasung with or withour abrasive. Check the concrete surfaces after cleaning to insure that stir -face is free from additional loose aggrrgute. or that ad- ditional delaminationi are not present. If hydrzxfemofidort is used. cement and particulate slurry mast N.- minoved from die pful ared surfaces ire€one slurry h:ardero, Surface Preparation Guide Boundary of loose. Recommended and deSaminated Layout cercrete 03730-5 INTERNATIONAL. �v CONCRETE REPAIR pe"$(•� `>6goi 1 N S T E T U T E 1 323 Shepard Drixe, Suite D Sterling. VA 20164-4429 Phone 703-734-01 16 Fax 703-450-0119 Email: info(i`icri.org Wen: wway.icri.ora � l i Ney t - - ?kV J - r ` r y,•"aK n � h 5, 5 � T j L t' ' 5 f rl j 1 t� j ;^e 3• � � e;K � a�. .mow.-' '� �epa;ed bq' :e fn :ern ,ianal:GancreM ayPr'snsWL4e �28r',iury 19�r''rti4>:eit nwrii ;9wo{ Guideline No. 03731 s Dry -max shoterste General description: Repair Material is placed dry or Qmluiy damp inm shotemie maetr m and mixed with cra npressed -or. i'he mixture is traosporied via hose to the exit nozzle where Water and admimares-.iif' any, are introduced- The ingreditaus -am propelled onto the prepared substrate by the force of the com- pressed pair. Best application: Large vertical and overhead areas with small bars: No. 6. (19 mmh-' or less- and minimal Congestion of embedded reinforcement. Material requirements: Well -graded aggregate with necessary binders (usually portland ctuacm j. N1ix- lure mast be proporionca to conipenratc for rebound losses. Admixtures are Frequently used to shorten set time, and/or ro allow thicker lavers to be built-up in a single Pa, • Reference: ACI 5015.2. -Guide to Shoterete General description: Pre -batched and thoroughly mixed repair material is placed into a concrew pump and ulmsportcd via pump :inc to an exit norzle where compressed air and admimums, if airy, are introduced.. The repair material is propelled onto tine snt face by the eompmt sed air. co-Mle y l as Best application: t_'rrge vertical areas withsmall bars, No. 6 (IQ nun:r`i or lr's_ And minimal congestion elf ambeddcd minforremeat. ow-n Anp Material requirements: Pumpablc, low -slump unit. lure which .:oes not erg ilcn impacied oo the pre- 1 P=d Substrate, . Reference: ACl 50(,.,L {snide io Shoterete" `= ._..__ _ 111 t4 zhwm arc pce,en ly no rcncralty a opt t1 c•aavcauav .Ysndstt>..s."0. me ACTNIAA60?6 ha h,,,, mvndvv, to the ne. ran tmbimeier. F N 03731-8 GUIDE FOR SELECTING APPLICATION METHODS FOR THE REPAIR OF CONCRETE SURFACES INTERNATIONAL < ' I N S T I T U T E 1323 Shepard Drive. Suite D Sterling, VA 201644428 Phone 703-450-0116 Fax 703-45M119 E-mail concrepair@aol.cum , � k z+„ �3 z a# j. t ut i „ s A s r 4; { ` d a s r m m Prepared by the International Concrete Repair Institute February 1992 (reissued April 1995) Guide for Selecting Application: Methods for the Guideline No. 03731 t-,'eh,w,Q Law, Ha,-2v K:IrQz, More, Rzp.ar in,twitc Ali right, 1 32 ' ; Sjl"parj :Tilt.S1;11Q D. strrlm"' Vinplin Phone " :t, F,jc 7(13-4ih-Oj I Q I . -�Z, , "I 4 lbe huenwiuni, if C ona rWte Repro: frs,irwe W771) war 1,unded loirrim,ve due durab;!Uvofa pair or,i er.1winv.r, it.i %ahiefi,r stfirzmm m,net� 7'1.,(, zdt-alifiration. elevel(rpmen: ow�u aprimary alrance-x in "VJNI;� rn,g 6;nngh a wzrietv affikiz,m:, 1CR1 members have rhi, !V addnuy iss.a rnd io con- zrihwe to ipq*rp1,mq tiwjeni-ficc nj, ro;wwfr repo;,.. A principal vvrnponew aflbiv eller, is ro nirAe ( wee. - '541 , �� 'e'lecreel ill , formarion an imporlaw rell-lb O; V;- jerU erdiiv mvetjbfe ni dec:%hir, wakers. Dw-itip 1111 j)asr 5everai dcearlcslriuCh hen lx.,en rep,rwa' hi the 1irerature n conerive rcpair r,,et.b.,3ds einel mareei . - 4v te% Ihey have been ekveloreel and retineJ N,,ryer- rfwkvs, it has beep thWieuh rafind cnrwalh; it) use, jommt, '7i, rho., enat, 1E'Rl are pre- jorreri bv sar'criorred rask grouj,.� br1u, li-P! Technia,"Aeavifsn C<rnniu r 1,,,d.h itielehru, dzldmssn an aree nj pruclice rvrytdzeef us eisemwi i,a she achi"-emwiv qfdarable rep aiiv. ift line efoeuiiirnr, are ruirizcr r') axvuinar<i revteti b= the mumi,enhijo and rnri-, lie revised as uyprmr d its the 741"wall ACfiliries Am.r,, I , hgnid at , >oluvl,n f,,, nz.,; o: ...... a, Md-mc,,!c MT.inx.irx:ec iris P'n mr,%,Icde,,chew Or, �,TW'.h od"macm-.1 4,.,j R,.,,!: 1,1.1c4, mnM 'II— k+', mA:i or 3-y ran & (111, w,Wckoc- Task Group members for ISM edition: Peter H. Emmons, Chairman Kermit D. Bright Richard P, Oelargey Don Gardonio Robert T-acy Douglas G. White Approved for reissue by the Technical Activities Committee: Jack A. Morrow, Chairman Peter H. Emmons Robert J. Gulyas Thomas R. One Kenneth M. Lazen James E. McDonad Randall W. Poston April 1996 GUIDE FOR SELECTUIG APPLICATION METHODS FOR THE REPAIR OF CONCRETE SURFACES M 111 ?t�t The cause of mall' concrete repair failures and in- stances of cost overruns can be traced to the selection of inappropriate repair memods. This document has beenprepared to help visualize the metltodscninmonly used fo,the repair of deteriorated concrete surfacesand to survey theapplications for which each is considered to be most suitable. It is nor intended to be a detailed and comprehensive ` how-ro" guide for the carious rnerhoids described, err a substitute for the recom- rnendarions of an experienced and qualified repair specialist. This guidelinesummarizeseurrcntlimc[ice for plac- ing cetuert-based repair materials. It provides owners, engineers, material suppliers, and repair contractors with a quick reference to assist in the. selection of suitable methods of placement. While this guideline covers only the selection of suitable application meth- ods, other _guidelines covering related repair subjects are available Cron ICRI, Consistent success in concrete repair begin3 with the recognition that each re cur situation is defined by a unique combination of circumstsances.shaped by em i neering,exposure.consuucubibiy.cos=_and tit do nr siderations. W'iththis is in maid, ❑scrsof this guidaare encouraged to matkc the best use Of mdustry resources by bringing the cxtxrtise and experience of the cngi- nccri ns c.,tmmunisy. pr<niuct iranufuctutcrs, hied quaii- lied ceatltraeuL% unto tale planning prac0xta, TheinstaIIation incthod(I iustdelitertht scIectedntpair niilicKul m the pu:pari:d subsu ale 3)t11 prrc.fictzble resui{s_'11a; pniscrtic, cif repair n't-cr,ak gent rally +Ixrtteat:.rc curnprc�,rva>trrngth. k oscl � *e:r�ih.stt<ar ,treazur, and Lhoac .properoc't, which influence .oltam chatwce . such as dr° lnc: shrinku�e. maiulos of caactk- uy,affif 6th f i titL'nt V I therttiai c"XpiilE.KttF3-�.){jeer pFopCr- ttea Suc,:h as 1'eJ:'<t:&ItGv to f%,CZin�' arid thaxnit" low pcnrralnhty. „r sue fa;r rvsiAal"t c tray fx: specified. The: repair material must fully encapsulate ezposcd reinforcing steel. achieve satisfactory bond with the substrata, and fill tha.prepared cavity without scaregat- ing. If these requirements are not achicvcd. the repair will not perform its intended purpose_ Bonding of the repair material with the existing substrate depends upon the repair material reacting with, and imerlocking to, the profile of the prepared concrete surface. Some materials may require a bond- ing agent to ensure intimate contact with prepared surfaces.ff the repair material is self -bonding, it must have sufficient binder fe.g. cement paste, epoxyresm) to thoroughly _vet out the substrate. Force must be applied to drive the repair material into intimate contact crii€r the prepared surface. The type of force will vary with the application method. In trowel applied systems, the repair material is forced into the prepared surface by the pressureapplied to the trowel by the finisherorcement mason. In cast -in -place systems, the pressure is providers by internal cibrati'on. or hydraulic pressure dezelaped by the 7onciete or grout pump_ High velocity pneumatic placement tech- niques develop exceptional force dlrough iriptict, The drypackingprocessgenerates pressmew he^ therodding toot pounds the material against the suhsirate. The requirement that ,repair materials be mixed and applied without ,cit regaunx is equullt important Any segregation of material cornponcrus will altar physical properties anal reduce or negate {ho ability Of the repair to fulfill its primary iunctin --to restore the structure u) its omain:ai condition to the fullest extent passible. constructibility Biufore finalizing the <ete iota of the tcpair material and ;be installation prat dart c'l cck the gstem'F ctgl�lruetihihtv,To detcrn,:nc ecru tt not[ii;. the iol lowing qu-s ions shl,tdd era .ldt:rtaxn.1. • Can tidiebuitry et .isx titccwl,rwbti, f)"(!n"'iihc-h, VI! g'i nel'r -wind 1hr'n"nc, • `.Iili the:sPiriftrd trsttt!lal:r r; Icciturque a Lull the relmirs to t:J Mlos"n'he tt _tita! rhe:!/r, epee GUIDE FOR SELECTING APPLICATION MEfHOOS FOR THE REPAIR OF CONCRETE SURFACES C3731-1 tip k 3�' *`.rtii�AL'i% E'AIS: Ls cite +working eni$rr�azxertt ctvndt:ci aye to tfrr ape€i- t"red iistalletiorr technique? Are experienced contractors avetilable for thu projec„ if the arriwer to ,toy of these questions is, no or mavbe, then the choice of repair material and installation method should be rutssessed, Y,i�-..'iM "Tile selection of suitable repair material anti applica- non method should proceed in this scquenct;. 1 Select the repairmaterialproviding thestrengthand . durability properties which best restore the integrity of the ongiunt design, 2 Select a method of placement which will success- futly place the repair niateritO onto the prepared concrete. 3 Review the physical properties and pl;xc mvnt re- quirements for the repair material to ensure the constmctihility of the selected repair system, 6 Change ilemateralorapphexignmethodasneecet€ to provide a constructible repair, When tmdeaffsneed tobemade,thclon it'rtndurability of the repairsystemis a:rmoreimpmtanithanthecasc:a applicatiom The cumbination of the working condhions. the repair contractor. the exiting concrete material. the structure deshm_ and the repair inateriai, is unique to every project. Much can go wrong without proper quality assurnacc and routine qualitycontrol. Stara by selecting a qualified contractor who can demorwrate successful lung -term repairs Lsing the intended installation method. If any questions remain unanswered reLardin,t the contrtctor's qualiticationv. the repair material, or the inst;diation technique, considers pilot project. During the actual repairs, develop a feedback Sys- tern to verify compliance with the enghtecring require- ments establ fished for the project. Physical propertiesof the materials can !>e confirmed ray sampl ing at the time of placement. by in -place testing, or by using con aarnpling techniques. Bond strengths can be verified by corine lhrcuigh the repair ¢aid into the sub trmc, :A_ lowed by applying a tensile force to the core- ' i Cotrso! i- dation of the materials can bL lwrilic. uAh visual observations of extracted cores and in -place testing. 111 S-iMb u diress t=a5 to test methai, an d:;xrt+e? m AC't �03R ..Laic If Epuxv ConliA"mrus ate, E"pncr`te,` hppmdtx i-Text liahrG Mamxal o£C<s,CnWP:a xxe. I v?' 03731.2 GUIDE FOR SELECTING APPLICATION IIAETHODS.FOR THE REPAIR.OF CONCRETE SURFACES N Application Methods Trowei applied General description: Repair material Is mixed into a Trowelzb1c. non-sagconsistency.Trowels orother 5uit- able placing cools are uses[ to transport the repair material to the prepared substrate. 'nie repair material i,vpres%cd into the substrate without voids. Best application: Surface re,,,wration when reinforc- ing steal is not cncoumcre�l Material requirements: Fine-graineu material easily finished, with non-sagg propertics to stay in place in vertical or overhead applicziotns. General description; Repair material is mixed into a und'sirm, cohesive plusac state. then transported to a confined space and compacted with md(lim, nMs n) produce a dense repair material. Best application: post-tcninning !-,Ou! pockcts: lie holes: gran joist botwins: wattle pan j0ists: vertical. overhead and horizontal ln�ation.s- Material requirements: mortu with con.iisiency ca- pable of hein�- molded imo 3 hall without sagging. Reference: UintLd Siai-� Army Corl)s Of U.;101ncels 11473 i, '"Evatt)mion and Repair ot on- crvic Structures.- E,10 i I 10-2 2002. NVash,rigion, J).('. I 2 �7 ---- -- GUIDE FOR SELECTING APPLICATION MMODS FOR THE REPAIR OF CONCRETE SURFACES 03731-3 ft �*�rkxi 1 1�r ik /{. r General description: the ptacementofre pair nahcria into a confined space with formwork derining all exprncd boundaries. Repair materia€s are deposited into the formwork andconsolidated by raining or conventional vibration. Best application: Columns, walls. -and exterior slab. edges. Material requiregleRtS: Custabie concrete or tartar with proper bond. propcaics, low shrinkage. loin wa- tcrIcement ratm, and a highly tlowable mixture, Reference: ACt 304P, M `Guide for.%Ieasurina. mix- ing- Transponing, and Placing Concrete' General description: in lien of paainl-d,pth repans, the inernber in question can be removed and replaclGd in u)uil. Placement methods sh, uid follow rood eon - Crete praCGGe. Best application: When dnezitination i, e_vcnst%e througBaa;t the nremi?e- Material requirements. wnvcntioiaai ca=t-it,-pi.tce concrete with €ou sh6ah'a,e. low uatz'a-ecn;cnt rams. and a InOlv workable, x imure. Reference: AC I 04R, •-Guide ter Meie uaine. Tnalsporting. and Plachra Coicrcte' .. Reicre;io� cued to dhic antttsu are from the ACT Manual of Cwicreic Pncurc, Amcrxnn Concrete lrlsliwwt I>etrott, hlichlzc n. Qarce'Pl at It Purr W 03731.4 GUIDE FOR SELECTING APPLICATION METHODS FOR THE REPAIR OF CONCRETE SURFACES l Foral and Pump General description: Rep;.., trwcris€ is mixad and puntivIl v w Concrete Inc . < nnccled to tt. t: fartn'w'ork. antiunti t £itt ' iw t� 'hied a ld prc.4uri<a s { o')<olidu ios£ ud hondml, k provided h €he inlvu r in psis sure. Best application: overheat anti vertical aglpiication.. where_eortuesicd reinforcing •.x pro`. nt. Beam 60i. torw. r'ihs• ..l.th soffits, or +rttttwtaetrzect area". Material requirements: Puinpaw , good fk),v eharac- tert ics- selfbonihug.,ig f6-latesue40orvaliblewitit Si'tue:stavit� and spdcrixtr;eenhats. i Re.emnce; ACT 'Placing COri::reie GJ hi np- i"7 '4ietf:cx?s"' y sit General description: G tt> >r;tied a six note is glacet+. v -a into brnned Cav ity. Grow i, Chi n pu np'!d mAo Rxrn via i grout pump LITT0 all vmd' Sri `tiit,Ci and. prt_"�;nrved. Shririkage is ❑ imin:d ti.i lut of a,',gie is contaCi and sea, application: Lr Ciit if 1R4t STs:FI 1[ applications �r(raL uCi'#r where ex;=Ien low 'hr the t Li zp IS ma"Crlat I5 required: columil enlargement'. - 'a:ar`*'- Material requirements: Clap -matted 3r'uegi SC (40- YO(i ratio norm) tt le zIdJw' *Cf bo' di. i ind cCment o' reNin-tras Cd ikunde"r. oun Inch (� rl'ITT) t ' of €uger bP-fkgdtC t�plCull% usCd la celiwntitiou, ' t Reference: .ACi 3,11 d R. C .iideCr=r h C :eafP pla <f A^` idg9te C•¢nC .IQ fora Sinmwmi and Miss Concrete GUIDE FOR SELECTING APPLICATION METHODS FOR THE REPAIR OF CONCRETE SURFACES a3731-5