HomeMy WebLinkAboutPRODUCT APPROVAL-- Florida Building Code Online
Page I of 2
11111 1; IP 11 'P I I'll
Flor& Departmento' acts Horne W9 N User R.Q15tration Hot Tapia Submit Suralaarge Stats Facts PublIcations IFEC Stan SCIS SIM Map unias Search
Busines
I. Product Approval
- a
P 12a I , 3 1 USER; PublIc User
Regulation SCANNED
njfflll�� Prooluct Approval Menu > Prodrad or ApplTation Search > Application List > Application Detall BY
FL #
FL16039-RS St. Lucie Countv
Application Type
Revision
Code Version
2014
Application Status
Approved
Co ' mments
04/30/2015
Archived
0
Product Manufacturer Duro-Last Roofing Inc.
Address/Phone/Email 525 Morley Dr.
Saginaw, MI 48601
(989) 753-6486 Ext 2296
aianni@duro-last.com
Authorized Signature Janni A]
ajanni@duro-last.com
Technical Representative AI-Janni
Address/Phone/Email 525 Morley Drive
Saginaw, MI 48601
(800) 248-0280
ajanni@duro-last.com
Quality Assurance Representative
Address/Phone/Emall
FILE ^()P%AF
Category Roofing
Subcategory Single Ply Roof Systems
Compliance Method Evaluation Report from a Florida Registered Architect or a Licensed
Florida Professional Engineer
R1 Evaluation Report - Harccopy Received
Florida Engineer or Architect Name who developed Zachary R. Priest
the Evaluation Report
Florida License PE-74021
Quality Assurance Entity LIL LLC
Quality Assurance Contract Expiration Date 08/29/2016
Validated By Locke Bowden
[0 Validation Checklist - Hardcopy Received
Certificate of Independence FL16039 R5 COI DRL12001.5 Evaluation Report 2014 FBC HVHZ
-final.pcl
Referenced Standard and Year (of Standard) Standard Year
ASTM D 4434 2009
ASTM G 155 2005
FM 4470 1992
FM 4474 2004
TAS 110 2000
TAS 114 (B, D, H & J) 1995
Eculvalence of Product Standards
Certified By
http://www.floridabuilding.org/pr/p�_appjtl.aspx?param--wGEVXQwtDqtFPmdYiNDWr... 8/21/2015
Florida Building Code Online
Page 2 of 2
1-4
I .
Sections from the Code
Product Approval Method Method 1 Option D
Date Submitted 04/29/2015
Date Validated 04/30/2015
Date Pending FBC Approval 05/10/2015
Date Approved 06/22/2015
Summary of Products
IFIL #
Model, Number r Name
Description
16039.1
Duro-Last Roofing
PVC Single -Ply Roof Systems
Limits of Use
Installation Instructions
Approved for use In HVHZ; Yes
FL16039 RS 11 DRL12001.5 Fvaluatlon Report 2014 FBC
HVHZ -final.pd
Approved for use outside HVHZ; Yes
Impact Resistant: N/A
Verified By: Zachary R. Priest 74021
Design Pressure: +0/-1025
Created by Independent Third Party: Yes
Other: See evaluation report for limits of use
Evaluation Reports
FL16039 R5 AE DRU-12001.5 Evaluation Report 2014 FBC
HVHZ -final.pd
Created by Independent Third Party: Yes
F - al F. --- 11
Contact Us ;: 19M North Monroo street. Tallahassee FL 32399 Phone: 850,487-1824
ne steps of Flonda Is an AA1EE0 employer ConyrPht 21)(17-2013 State of Flor is. :: Privacy Stateffier, :: Accessibilty Statement ;; Refund Statennen
Under Flodda law, mail addresses am public records. If you do not want your e�nnall address released in response to a public-recoods, request, do not send
electronic mail to this, entity. Instead, aided Me office by phone or by traditional mail. If you have any questions, please contact 850.487.1395. 'Pursuant to
section 455.275(l), Florida statutes, effective October 1, 2012, licensees licensed! under chapter 455, F.S. must provide the Department wifth an email address It
they have one. 'rbe malls provided may be used for official communication with the ficensee. However email addresses am public mosrd. If you do hot wish to
supply a personal address, please proyide the Department with an email address which an ae made available to the Public. To determine if you am a liparses, under
chapter 455, F.S., please cli& here .
Product Approval Accepts:
9!� R�07 rkhc� Im
http://�ww.floridabuilding.org/Prlprl__app_dtl.aspx?parain=wGEVXQwtDqtFPmdYiNDWr... 8/21/2015
11
1111fAW
Ae W
CREEK
TECHNICAL SERVICES, LLC
EVALUATION REPORT
Manufacturer:
Manufacturing Plants:
Quality Assurance:
SCOPE
Category:
Subcategory:
Code Sections:
Properties:
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Duro-Last Roofing, Inc.
525 Morley Ddve
Saginaw, MI 48601
989-737-3043
www.duro-lastcel
Saginaw, MI
Jackson, MS
Sigourney, A
UL LLC (QUA1743)
2Z)
Certificate of Authorization No. 29824
17520 Edinburgh Dr
Tampa, FL 33647
(813) 480-3421
2014 FLORIDA BUILDING CODE
Issued April 30, 2015
Roofing
Single Ply Roof System
1504.3.1, 1504.6,1507.13.2, 1515.1.1, 1515.1.4, 1523.1.1, 1523.6.2
Wind Resistance, Physical Properties
�:'Diiescrptkm"
Duro-Last Designer Series
ASTM D 4434
Nominal 50-mil thick single -ply roof membrane composed of a
Membrane
thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride film laminated to both sides of
a polyester fabdc scrim. The membranes are available as
Rock-PyV and Shingle -Ply@ prefabricated sections or roll
goods.
WEalst FMer a
- ST
�A M
__jT4134�
N . V�M.IWULAU)'. 0, 6 it (0
e n -00 d-MeRTIO c
fil --of
pol I Iodide. la- ate as
im 11, Res a Val bit r abricat
a - UU
Duro-Fleece Membrane
ASTM D 4434
Nominal 50-mil (DF50), 60-mil (DF60), or 80-mil (DF80) thick
single -ply roof membrane composed of a thermoplastic
polyvinyl chloride film laminated to both sides of a polyester
fabric scrim and backed with fleece. Duro-Tuff membranes
are available in the following colors: White for all thickness,
and Blue, Copper, Charcoal, Green, Light Gray, Patina, and
Light Tan for DF50 and DF60 only The membranes are
available as roll goods.
Duro-Fleece Plus Membrane
ASTM D 4434
Nominal 50-mil (DFP50) or 60-mil (DFP60) thick single -ply roof
membrane composed of a thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride film
laminated to both sides of a polyester fabric scrim and backed
with fleece. The membranes are available as roll goods.
Duro-Tuff Membrane
ASTM D 4434
Nominal 50-mil (DT50),60-mil (DT60), or 80-mil (DT80) thick
single -ply roof membrane composed of a thermoplastic
polyvinyl chlo6de film laminated to both sides of a polyester
fabric scrim. Duro-Tuff membranes are available in the
following colors: White for all thickness, and Blue, Copper,
Charcoal, Green, Light Gray, Patina, and Light Tan for DT50
and DT60 only. The membranes are available as roll goods.
DRL12001.5 FL#16039-R5 Page 1 of 4
This evaluation report is provided for State of Florida product approval under Rule 61G20-3. The manufacturer shall notify CREEK
Technical SerAces, LLC of any product changes or quality assurance changes throughout the duration for which this report is valid.
This evaluation report does not express nor imply warranty, installation, recommended use, or other product attributes that are not
specifically addressed herein.
CREEK -
TECHNICAL SEERVICES, LLC
Di
PVC Single-Pb
Duro-Last Fascia Bar
Duro-Last Fascia Bar Cover
Duro-Last Fascia
Duro-Last Snap Coping
Edge Systems Duro-Last 2-Piece Metal -r-Edge" Designed by others and in
Last's current, published installation instru
Duro-Last Drip Edge
Dum-Last 2-Piew Compression Edge
Duro-Last Vinyl Coated Metal
Duro-Last Gravel Stop
Mi'. ,30� psi Celwre MF with HS
Cellular Lightweight I Rhe Illy Admixture
Concrete
Installed over min, 22 ga.. 0.5% vented,
min. 1/8-inch thick: 1-inch thick EPS boi
inch thick toe coat; Celcore PVA curing
rate of 300 frigal
Min. 300 psi Elaslizell with Zell -Crete Slurry coat min. 1/4-inch thick; Min. 1-Inch
Fibers
I I I lbsift ); Min. 2-Inch top coat;
DRI-112001.5 FL#16039-R5
Technical Services, LLC of any product changes or quality assurance changes throughout the duration for which
This evaluation report does not express nor Imply warranty, installation, recommended use, or other product ath
specifically addressed herein.
CREEK
TECHNICAL SERVICES, LLC
Duro-Last Roofing, Inc.
PVC Single -Ply Roofing Membranes
APPENDIX A
Component
Pr6dud-
Duro-Last Duro-Guard ISO IV -A
Duro-Lest Duro-Guard ISO Foil
Duro-Last Duro-Guard ISO HD
Min. 2-inch thick composite polyisocyanurate board; Adhered
Composite
boards shall be a maximum 4-ft x 4-ft
Duro-Last Duro-Guard ISO HD -A
Min. 0.5-inch thick: Min. 90 psi polylsocyanurate board with
Duro-Last Duro-Guard ISO HD-G
coated fiberglass facers; Adhered boards shall be a maximum
4-ft x 4-ft
Dum-Last Duro-Guard ISO HD-H
Georgia-Pacific DensDeck, Dens Deck
Min. 0.26-inch thick gypsum roof board with fiberglass facer,
Prime
Adhered boards shall be a maximum 4-ft x 4-ft
Min. 0.25-inch thick; Min. 150 psi polylsocyanurate with coated
JM Invinsa Roof Board
fiberglass facers; Adhered boards shall be a maximum 4-ft x 4-
it
Min. 0.5-inch ASTM C 578 Type IX (HVHZ) or Type 11 (non-
Insulfoarn R-Tech Fan Fold
HVHZ) Expanded Polystyrene with polymeric facers; Adhered
boards shall be a maximum 4 it x 4 It
LISG SECUROCK Gypsum -Fiber Roof
Min. 0.25-Inch thick gypsum roof board with fiber
Board
reinforcement; Adhered boards shall be a maximum 4 ft x 4 ft
Olybond Classic
Applied in 3/4 to 1-Inch wide ribbons
Duro-Grip CR-20 Adhesive
Apply in 314 to 1-Inch wide ribbons
Insulation Adhesive
Duro-Grip Insta Stik
Apply in 314 to 1-inch wide ribbons
Duro-G(ip OlyBond 500
Apply In 314 to I -inch wide ribbons
Duro-Gtip WeatherTite One Step
Apply in 1/2 to 314-inch wide ribbons
Duro-Fleece CR-20 Membrane Adhesive
Apply in "splatter pattern" at a rate of 8 lbs/I 00-fe
Duro-Fleece Membrane Adhesive
Apply in 314-inch Wide ribbons
Fully adhere at a combined rate 60-fe/gal (Apply 120-ft2/gal to
Membrane Adhesive
Duro-Last SB IV Adhesive
both membrane and substrate). Coverage will vary depending
on porosity at substrate.
Fleece backed membranes, Fully adhere at a rate of 1 00-0gal
to substrate only. Coverage will vary depending on porosity of
Duro-Last WB 11 Adhesive
substrate.
Bare backed membranes: Fully adhere at a rate of 140-fe/gal
to substrate only. Coverage will vary depending on porosity of
substrate.
p h" � Id cl�l
yjt� Ye_ ea,,1 p,seam, ere
eia 0!
lih u on 21dild S srall'b
fq Sid a I
t ap
it,
ra a Fre- on fltha�wbod-trussels
illy
nacned be
it) . alle.: a a n ot.Ala�,ste uh n a
Duro-Fleece Plus Membrane
m a - t In fit
iil�4'tincrl Wom
ng! I
age,
am
ra
Min. 4-inch lap for mechanically fastened systems and min. 3-
Duro-Tuff Membrane
inch lap for adhered systems with min. 1.5-inch welded lap
seam; Side -laps shall be Installed parallel to the direction of the
wood trusses for mechanically -attached systems over wood
decks; Side -laps shall be Installed perpendicular to the
Duro-Fleece Membrane
direction of the steel deck ribs for mechanically attached
systems over steel deck;
DRI-12001.5 FL*16039-R5 Page 2 of 6
This evaluation report is provided for State of Florida product approval under Rule 61 G2_0-3.The manufacturer shall notify CREEK
Technical Services, LLC of any product changes or quality assurance changes throughout the duration for which this report is valid.
This evaluation report does not express nor imply warranty, installation, recommended use, or other product attributes that are not
specifically addressed herein.
Duro-Last Roofing, Inc.
CREEK PVC Single -Ply Roofing Membranes
TECHNICAL SERVICES, LLC APPENDIX A
INSTALLATION
Note - Refer to the APPRovED AssEmBues section of this report for specific installation details of a selected rW
system.
Unless otherwise specified in this report the following installation details shall be met for the named products:
Component
Product
InsfdlIafiorDetaiII._:'
Dispensed using application gun for 2 full seconds into 7116-
Dow ENERFOAM- Foam Sealant
Inch pilot hole drilled to a depth of 2.5-inch; Fasteners installed
within 2040 seconds after dispensing
Duro-Bond Plate 1302
3-inch Induction welding plate for PVC membranes; welds not
permitted at lap seams
12:rn�Las �3-jnch
!_�� 11
InmK71innuinguare, 6VE2—grQ�dN[�CkEaj=a�un
lip,
Duro-Last#14 Concrete Screw
MmI.25-Inch penetration into concrete
Duro-Last Cleat Plates
Min. 2 3/8-inch diameter, 0.036-inch thick steel plate with
cleats
Duro-Last Duro-Coated Hex Head
Screws
Min. 1.25-Inch penetration into concrete
Duro-Last Fluted Concrete Nall
Min. 1.25-inch penetration into concrete
Fasteners & Plates
#14 screw; Min. 1-inch penetration Into No. 2 wood truss; Min.
Duro-Last #14 HD Fastener
3/4-inch penetration through the top rib of the steel deck or
through wood deck
Duro-Last #15 Extra Heavy Duty Drill
#15 screw; Min. 3/4-Inch penetration through the top rib of the
Point Fastener
steel deck or through wood deck
Duro-Last Auger Fastener
Min. 24nch penetration into substrate
Duro-Last Auger Plates
Min. 2-Inch diameter steel plate
Duro-Last Poly -Plate
Min. 2-Inch diameter, 0.335-inch thick glass -filed polycartionate
plate with cleats ,
OMG XHD Fastener
#15 screw; Min. 314-inch penetration through the top rib of the
steel deck or through wood deck
TRUFAST DP #12 Fastener
#12 screw; Min. 3/4-inch penetration through the top rib of the
steel deck
TRUFAST 3"Me.tal Insulation Plate
Min. 3-inch diameter steel plate
Min. 0.5-Inch thick; Extruded polystyrene (XPS) with
Duro-Fold Underlayment Board
polypropylene facer Adhered boards shall be a maximum
4-ft x 4-ft
Duro-Guard EPS
Min..0.5-inch, min. 1.8 pcf EPS (HVHZ) or min. 1.5 pcf EPS
(non-HVHZ); Adhered boards shall be a maximum 4-ft x 4-ft
Duro-Guard EPS Fan Fold
Min. 0.54nch, min. 1.25 pcf EPS board with polymeric film
facer (ri only);
Min. 0.5-inch, min. 1.8 pcf EPS (HVHZ) or min. 1.5 par EPS
Duro-Guard EPS Fiberglass Facer (FGF)
(non-HVHZ only) with fiberglass facer; Adhered boards shall
Insulation
be a maximum 4-ft x 4-ft
Duro-Guard XPS Fan Fold
Min. 0.5-Inch thick; Extruded polystyrene (XPS) with polymeric
facer Adhered boards shall be a maximum 4-ft x 4-ft
Duro-Last Duro-Guard ISO II -A
Duro-Last Duro-Guard ISO JI-G
Min. 0.5-Inch thick; Min. 20 psi polylsocyanurate board with
Duro-Last Duro-Guard ISO 11-H
various facers; Adhered boards shall be a maximum 4-ft x 4-ft
Duro-Last Duro-Guard ISO III -A
Duro-Last Duro-Guard ISO 111-H
DRI-12001.5 FL#16039-R5 Page 1 of 6
This evaluation report is provided for State of Florida product approval under Rule 6IG20-3. The manufacturer shall notify CREEK
Technical Services, U-C of any product changes or quality assurance changes throughout the duration for which this report is valid.
This evaluation report does not express nor Imply warranty, installation, recommended use, or other product attributes that are not
specifically addressed herein.
W
CREEK
TFcHNICAL SIERVICES, LLC
Duro-Last Roofing, Inc.
PVC Single -Ply Roofing Membranes
APPENDIX A
6per4 fix 8'
ft board
L
Lo
(Max. 6ft2 contributory area pe� fastener)
2 a
L
(Max. 2.67ft2 contributory area per fastener)
16per 4 ftx
8 ft board
T@
@ @
_j
(Max. 2 .0ft2 contributory area per fastener)
DRI-12001.5 FL#16039-R5 Page 4 of 6
This evaluation report is provided for State of Florida product approval under Rule 61 G20-3. The manufacturer shall notify CREEK
Technical Services, LLC of any product changes or quality assurance changes throughout the duration for which this report Is valid.
This evaluation report does not express nor Imply warranty, installation, recommended use, or other product attributes that are not
specifically addressed herein.
W
CREEK
TECHNICAL SERVICES, LLC
Duro-La , st Roofing: Inc.
PVC Single -Ply Roofing Membranes
APPENDIX B
Definition' '.'i, .......
DFP
One ply of any one of the following products:
DFP50 or DFP60 membranes
DG-CR
Duro-Gdp CR-20
DG4S
Duro-Grip Insta Silk
DG-OB
Duro-Grip OlyBond 500
DG-OS
Ouro-Grip WeatherTite One Step
DL
One ply of any one of the following products:
DL40, D1.50, or DL60 membranes
DL Plates & Fastener's
Duro-Last 3" Metal Plates and Duro-Last #14 HID Fastener for Steel Decks or Wood Decks or Duro-Last #14 Concrete Screws for Concrete Decks
DL Plates & #15 Fasteners
Duro-Last 3' Metal Plates and Dur�Last 915 Extra Heavy Duty Drill Point Fastener for Steel Decks or Wood Decks
DT
One ply of any one of the following products:
DT50, DT60, or DT80 membranes
DurD-Bond
Ouro-Bond Plate 1302 with Duro-Last #14 HID Fastener for Wood Decks or Steel Decks or Duro-Last #14 Concrete Screw for Concrete Decks
Dun�Gnio
Ribbon adhered with any one of the following products:
Duro-GrIp CR-20, Duro-Grlp Insta Stik. Duro-Grip OlyBond 500, or Duro-Grlp WeatherTite One Step
Dun�Guartf
One or more layers of the following products:
Duro-Guard EPS, Duro-Guard EPS FGF, Duro-Guard ISO ll-A, Duro-Guard ISO ll-G, Duro-Guard ISO 11-H, Duro-Guard ISO III -A, Duro-Guard ISO
III-H, Duro-Guard ISO IV -A, or Duro-Guard HD Composite
Duro-Guard 11
One or mom layers of the following products:
Duro-Guard EPS, Duro-Guard ISO 11-A, Duro-Guard ISO Il-G, or Duro-Last Duro-Guard ISO 11-H
DL Plates & Fasteners
Duro-Last 3" Metal Plates and Duro-Last #14 HD Fastener for Steel Decks or Wood Decks or Duro-Last #14 Concrete Screws for Concrete Decks
1PI2q_P_Q_0W#,I5 �estene
EPS
�1510F
tg�3' Met�aIPiat7es7a:n!d =Duro-Last:#
Duro-Guard EPS
FGF
Duro-Guard EPS Fiberglass Facer (FGF)
HD -A
Duro-Guard ISO HD -A
HD-G
Duro-Guard ISO HD-G
HD-H
Duro-Guard ISO HD-H
II -A
Duro-Guard ISO ll-A
11-G
Duro-Guard ISO 11-G
11-H
Duro-Guard ISO 11-H
III -A
111-H
Duro-Guard ISO 111-H
DRI-12001.5
FL#16039-RS
2 of 18
F — ... i ne manuiacturer snau nouny uK�LK j ecrmicaljeMMS, LLL; or any product changes or
quality assurance changes throughout the duration for which this report is valid. This evaluation report does not express nor imply warranty, Installation, recommended use, or other
product attributes that are not specifically addressed herein.
CREE�K "
TECHNICAL SERVICES, LLC
Duro-Last Roofing, Inc.
PVC Single -Ply Roofing Membranes
APPENDIX B
"%U,
4 7� P �!i
(ps�
P,G,vrAttaichmenjt 11�
�a
�RP
Duro-Last 015 Extra Heavy Duty Drill Point
R-M-6
WoodDeck
OPTIONAL
Preliminaflly secured
DL
Fastener and Duro-Last Cleat Plates or Poly-
-52.5
(T1 9/32, L24, 0.113-&B)
Approved Insulation
Plates fastened 6-inch o.c. within 3-inch wide
(Lim. 7)
tabs spaced 60-inch o.c.
Duro-Last #15 Extra Heavy Duty Drill Point
R-M-7
Wioad Deck
OPTIONAL
Fastener and Duro-Last Cleat Plates fastened
-52.5
(T1 9132, L24, 8d-6/6)
Approved Insulation
Preliminarily secured
DL
6-inch o.c. within 6-inch mfide tabs spaced 57-
(Lim. 7)
inch o.c. (Screws located 2.7-inches from tab
edge)
Duro-Last #14 HD Fastener and Duro-Last 3-
R-M-B
WoodDeck
OPTIONAL
Preliminarily secured
DL
Inch Metal Plates fastened 6-Inch o.c. within
.52.6
(TI 9/32, L24, 8d-6/6)
Approved Insulation
center of 6-inch wide tabs spaced 57-inch o.c.
(Lim. 7)
Tab Seater 4725 applied at 60 112/gal.
Min. 24 ga. R-Panel or
PBR panel metal roofing
at max 5ft span and
Approved Insulation
Duro-Last #15 Extra Heavy Duty Drill Point
R-M-9
fastened 12" o.c. at each
filled between ribs. Min.
Preliminarily secured
DL
Fastener and Duro-Last Cleat Plates or Poly-
-52.5
support with min. #12
0.5An . ch Approved
Plates fastened 124nGh o.c. within 3-inch wide
(Lim. 7)
HWH screws with min.
Insulation above ribs
tabs spacad 28-inch o.c.
0.54nch washers
Ouro-Last Al 5 Extra Heavy Duty Drill Point
0M
WoodDeck
OPTIONAL
Prellminadly secured
DL
Fastener and Duro-Last Cleat Plates or Poly-
-60
(T19132, L24.0.113-6/6)
Approved Insulation
Plates fastened 6-inch o.c. within 6-Inch wide
(Lim. 7)
tabs spaced 120-inch o.c.
Duro-Last Auger Fasteners and Auger Plates
with Dow ENERFOAM-fastened through the
R-M-11
CWF Deck
DL
membrane 6-inch o.c. in rows spaced 60-Inch
-67.5
o.c.; 10-inch wide membrane welded over
(Lim. 7
fastener mws withI.Twide heat weld.
Duro-Last Auger Fasteners and Auger Plates
with Dow ENERFOAMwfastened through the
R-M-12
CWF Deck
DL
membrane 6-Inch O.C. In rows spaced 96-inch
.67.6
(Lim. 7
o.c.; 10-inch wide membrane welded over
fastener rows with 1.5'Wide heat weld.
Min. 24 ga. R-Panel or
PBR panel metal roofing
at max. 511 span and
Approved Insulation
Duro-Last #15 Extra Heavy Duty Drill Point
R-M-13
fastened 12" o.c. at each
filled between ribs, Min'
Preliminarily secured
DL
Fastener and Duro-Last Cleat Plates or Poly-
-82.6
support with min. (2) #12
I -Inch Approved
Plates fastened 64nch o.c. within 34nch wide
(Lim. 7)
HWH screws with min.
Insulation above ribs
tabs spaced 28-inch o.c.
0.5-inch OD washers per
rib
DRL12001.5
FL*16039-R5
11 of 18
�.... . ""' ' " " — 1� �' 11W'.� UIIUUI MULU U I ULU�. I I 1U [I 1411UMUMel 5nall ninny �Ktzz=& iecrinicin �ervices, LL� or any proauci crianges or
,,IiW,s's',Z,'ce changes throughout the duration for which this report is valid. This evaluation report does not express nor imply warranty. installation, recommended use, or other
product attributes that are not specifically addressed herein.